PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE
Reference :-
C.O.885
19 PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON
ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC- COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH-NOT TO |
28
15. The nitrogen required is derived wholly from proteids, while the carbon required is derived from proteids, fats, and carbohydrates. A certain minimum of proteid is in consequence indispensable, but fats and carbohydrates can to a certain extent replace each other, a range in the relative proportions of these is therefore possible, provided that the total amount of carbon combined with that from proteid is sufficient for the needs of the body. In this connection it is well recognized that the natives of warm countries consume relatively more carbohydrate and less fat than do the natives of cold countries.
16. There is some variation in the necessary amounts of the food constituents and essential elements as fixed by various authorities, but it may be accepted, in accordance with European standards, that 2 grms. of proteid, 15 grms. of fat, 6 grms. of carbohydrate, and 95 grms. of salts per kilogramme of body weight are required. Due consideration must, therefore, be given to body weights, and it is this factor which is too often overlooked in the calculation of diets.
17. So far as my observations have gone, the average weight of Oriental peoples in this country is considerably less than the average weight of people in England. Among the Javanese coolies at Durien Tipus a body weight of more than 100 lbs. was exceptional, and among the inmates of the Lunatic Asylum, Kuala Lumpur, the average body weight was 102 lbs.
18. On the basis just quoted, the diet for a man weighing 100 lbs. should contain:-
Protcids Fats
Carbohydrates Salts
Grms.
90.72
68 272.16
20
220 73
14'6
96
44 409
265 46 15:45
29
is unnecessary to discuss further the proposed diets for Parties C and D. I cannot see, therefore, that a hardship would be inflicted on the prisoners by the intro- duction of these diets.
23.
I am well aware that the carrying out of this investigation will entail some, possibly a considerable, amount of trouble and inconvenience to the gaol officials, but it is of the greatest importance that the results obtained from our work at Durien Tipus should be submitted to further investigation, and such can only be carried out on long-sentence prisoners under the conditions I have stated.
I am prepared to meet the wishes of the gaol authorities in every way possible, thus if the number of prisoners is found to be insufficient for the whole scheme to either curtail the size of the parties or even, if absolutely essential, to limit the work to the two parties, A and B.
24.
25. I have endeavoured to give the fullest particulars possible of my scheme, but certain other minor questions will almost certainly arise and will require to be dealt with as they occur. The contention that if no beri-beri occurs we shall have gained nothing is one which I cannot discuss.
26. I have carefully considered the matter in every way known to me, and I trust that, if the investigation is approved, the gaol officials will co-operate with me in every way possible, so that the work may be carried through.
I have, &c.,
H. FRASER,
Director, Institute for Medical Research,
Federated Malay States.
and in terms of carbon and nitrogen would contain :-
Carbon Nitrogen
Rubner states that the diet for a man weighing 110 lbs. should contain :-
Proteids Fats
Carbohydrates
and in terms of carbon and nitrogen would contain :-
Carbon Nitrogen
With regard to the proteids, Chittenden and Mendel, as the result of an exten- sive series of experiments on Americans, conclude that the amount of proteid required is probably 50 per cent. lower than the figures usually quoted.
19. If, then, we compare those diets with the ones proposed and that one at present consumed by Malay and Chinese prisoners, it will be seen that none of the diets are defective in proteid; indeed, the present diet of Malay prisoners would seem to contain too much. All four of the proposed diets are richer in fat than those at present in use and more nearly approximate to Rubner's diet. No doubt this deficiency compensated for by the carbohydrates, but there is a limit to the extent to which carbohydrates can replace fats, and it is a moot point whether in this respect the proposed diets are not superior to those at present in
usc.
The carbohydrates in all the diets are in excess of that required by the European standards; in part this is necessary on account of the poor fat allowance, and in part it is a concession to the habits and customs of the people.
20. If the proposed diets be compared with those at present in use by Malay and Chinese prisoners, it will be seen that the proposed diets for members of Parties C and D are richer than those at present used, so that, apart from economical considerations, no objection could be raised to their adoption.
21. The diets for members of Parties A and B are certainly rather poorer in proteid than those at present in use, but the deficiency is unlikely to be in any way prejudicial to health; moreover, the richness in fats of the proposed diets is likely to be advantageous. The allowance of salts is in every instance sufficient; indeed, in the case of the diets for Parties C and D) it is somewhat excessive.
22 The diets as proposed for Parties A and B were sufficient for the require- ments of Javanese coolies engaged in the arduous work of road construction. It
39855
No. 48. QUEENSLAND.
THE BISHOP OF NORTH QUEENSLAND to ŠIR CHAS, LUCAS.
MY DEAR SIR CHARLES,
(Received 31 October, 1908.)
Church House, S.W., October 28, 1908. You will be interested to know that your instinct with regard to Australians was correct. Mr. Darcy has sent £1,000 to Lord Chelmsford for the Australian School of Tropical Medicine. I have no doubt that the action of your Committee prompted the gift. Perhaps you will mention the fact to the Committee.
39774
Believe me, &c.,
GEORGE H. NORTH QUEENSLAND.
No. 49.
THE LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE to COLONIAL OFFICE.
40080
(Received 31 October, 1908.)
B 10, Exchange Buildings, Liverpool, 30 October, 1908. [Published as No. 2 in Appendix VI. to [Cd. 4476], Murch, 1909.]
(No. 489.) MY LORD,
No. 50.
LEEWARD ISLANDS (ST. CHRISTOPHER-NEVIS). THE GOVERNOR to THE SECRETARY OF STATE. (Received 2 November, 1908.)
Government House, Antigua, 7 October, 1908.
WITH reference to your Lordship's circular despatch of the 13th July last,* transmitting copies of reports from the Tropical Schools at London and Liverpool
• No. 41.