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meals and rest and also the weekly rest day set aside under regulation 100. Overtime employment is any time during which a woman or young person is employed in the undertaking outside the period of employment fixed for the day by that notice, but the amount of overtime employment permis sible, as far as these regulations are concerned, for either the undertaking as a whole or for the individual worker is related only to such time a falls outside the limits prescribed in regulation 8 for the general condition as to hours of employment, so far as that regulation relates to women or young persons over the age of sixteen, namely, to employment in excess of ten hours a day or sixty hours a week or commencing before 6 am, or ending later than 8 p.m. Persons under sixteen are not permitted to work overtime at all. This method of calculating the amount of permissible over- time differs from that contained in the Factories Act, 1937, which relotas the amount of permissible overtime to the period of employment posted in the factory. The reason for departing from the United Kingdom pre- cedent in this respect is to avoid the need for a practice, existing in the United Kingdom, of posting a notice specifying the maximum legal period of employment for each day while, for the purposes of wage agreementa with the workers, working a much shorter period of employment in fact The reason for this practice is that only thereby can either the factory or the worker work overtime to the full legul limita and at the same time the worker enjoy a short week for the purpose of basic wage rates. The amount of overtime employment under these regulations, calculated in the manner prescribed therein, may not exceed, in the case of the undertaking, one hundred hours in any gent or six hours in any week, nor may it take place in more than twenty five weeks in any year. The working of over- time by the undertaking is also subject to the condition that no woman or young person shall be allowed actually to work for more than a total of eleven hours in any day, eg, one hour lunger than the normal maximum prescribed under regulation 3, or be employed for more than thirteen hours in any day, eg. one hour longer than the normal maximum period of employment prescribed by that regulation, or later than 9 p.m., eg. one hour later than the normal latest time prescribed by that regulation. For the purpose of meeting seasonal or exceptional pressure of work the Com- missioner is empowered by regulation 10(0) to authorise undertakings engaged in particular trades to work overtime up to one hundred and Ofty hours a year, and, complementary to this permitted extension, la- dividual workers engaged in those undertakings may exceed the maximum prescribed working hours per day and per week provided that the extra overtime does not take place in more than eight weeks in any year. Even these limits may be extended by the Commissioner in the case of breakdown of machinery or unforeseen emergency arising in any particular under- taking The working of overtime by reference to the individual worker is subject to the permission of the Commissioner and is alternative to the working of overtime by the undertaking as a whole. In other words the undertaking, according to the nature of the business carried on, must elect either to work against the overtime account of the undertaking or to work against the overtime account of the individual workers employed. Over- time, calculated in the manner prescribed, may be worker by reference to the individual up to a maximum of one hundred hours in any year subject to the conditions that the overtime employment shall not exceed six hours in a week or take place in more than twenty five weeks in a year, e.g. shall not exceed a sixty six hour week at all or a sixty hour week for more than twenty five weeks in a year, nor execed eleven hours of work or thirteen hours of employment in any day. Where an undertaking elects to work overtime by reference to the individual, the Commissioner has no discretion to increase the overtime beyond the limits prescribed. For the purpose of control, whenever any undertaking intends to work overtime accountable ander these regulations against either the undertaking 14 a whole or accountable by reference to the individual worker, regulation 10(3) requires the proprietor to send notice in advance to the Commissioner.
1.5
5. For the purpose of shift work, regulation 10A allows women and young persons, subject to the prior approval by the Commissioner of the ahift scheme to be worked, to work up till 11 p.m. instead of 8 p.m. aș prescribed by regulation 8, but on the other hand no period of employment for shift workers may exceed eight hours in twenty four hours except for the purpose of rotating the shifts, when one shift may be extended la twelve hours. Under the old regulation 9 shift work might continue only until 10 p.m. and no provision was made to facilitate rotation of shifts.
For transitional purposes, until 30th June, 1959, regulation 10F allows the Commissioner in particular cases to increase, exclusive of over- time, the maximum working houra permitted from ten to eleven hours a day and sixty six hours in any week and the maximum period of employment in any day from twelve to thirteen hours.
7. Under the old regulation 6, young persong under the age of sixteen were entitled to an interval of one hour for a meal or rest after five hours' continuous work, and, under the old regulation 9, women and young persons over the age of sixteen cugaged for the purpose of shift work between the hours of 6 a.m. and 7 a.m. or 8 p.m. and 10 p.m. were entitled to an interval of half an hour after every four and a half hours' continuvas work, but no provision was made for any interval at all in other caren, Under the new regulation 8, all women and young persons, irrespective of how they are engaged, must be allowed not less than half an hour's interval for a meal or reat after every five hours' employment and in the case of young persons under the age of sixteen the interval must not be less than one hour.
8. The new regulations 7 and 10B repeat the provisions contained in the old regulation & relating to the provision of suitable facilities for sitting sufficient to enable women and young persons to take advantage of oppor tunities for resting during work and also those requiring that during intervals for rest and meals women and young persons shall not be per- mitted to remain in rooms in which work la in progress. But whereas the old regulation 9 applied only to those women and young persons employed for the purposea of shift work between the hours of 6 a.m. and 7 am, or 3 p.nl. and 10 p.o, the new regulations apply where women or young persons are employed without regard to the nature or hours of employment.
9. The new regulation 6 repeals without material alteration the provisions of the old regulation 7 restricting the carrying of heavy weighta by women and young persons.
10. The new regulations 10D and 100 relate to reglsters and forms and are designed to facilitate inspection. Regulation 10D repeats the previous requirement for the keeping of a register of young persons but extends it to include women. Regulation 10E is new and enables the Commissioner to prescribe farms to be used for the purposes of regulations 9, 10, 10A and 10D.
11. Finally Fart V of the principal regulations, which prescribes penalties for infringements generally, is rescinded and replaced. This has been done to facilitate the insertion of penalties covering infringement of the new regulations. The scale of penalties remains unchanged.
(Secretariat CR3251/57)