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State and the members of which will be elected by the
people for a term of three years. The constitution
also specifies the matters to be legislated upon and
executed by the Central Government and the Provincial
and Hsien Governments respectively. Local self
government in Provincos and Hsiens (districts) is to
bo instituted, the Hsien magistrate in particular to
be elected by the people and not appointed by the
Central Government as at present. One Chapter of the
new constitution lays down fundamental national
policies regarding national defence, foreign policy,
national economy, social security, education and the
border territories.
12. The Constitution, follows the principles
enunciated by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, that is to say, it is the
so-called Five-Power Constitution which, according to
his writings, preserves the best of the traditional
Chinese imperial system with the addition of the best
of Western democratic theories. The Five Powers are
constituted by the Legislative Yuan, corresponding
roughly to the British House of Commons, the Executive
Yuan, corresponding generally to the British Cabinet,
the Judicial Yuan, corresponding to the United States
Supreme Court, the Examination Yuan, corresponding to
the British Civil Service Commission and continuing
the ancient Chinese tradition of a highly-educated
civil service, and the Control Yuan - whose main
functions, similar to those formerly vested in the
imperial power, are the supervision and, if necessary,
the upeachment of public functionaries.
/13.
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