4.
Grass cutters and fire.
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5.
Long drought in winter.
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+
6.
Drying N. E. winter winds. (The thickest woodland is on
the northern, cooler, wetter slopes, e.g. Ma-on-shan, Pat Sin, etc.) All these difficulties can be overcome.
Methods.
1. Broadcast sowing of pine seeds in March. -
wasteful.
(N.B. Pine seedlings will not grow in soil that does not contain a particular fungus; this fact apparently unknown to the B. & F. Dept!)
2. Pit-sowing (5 seeds on top. of a cubic foot of loosened earth) better but danger of seedlings swamped by grasses.
3. Pit planting with seedlings two years old - widely practised throughout the world.
4.
Contour planting of bamboos etc. will result in terrace formation and soil collection which will facilitate the establishment of tree seedlings.
5. Lianes and other. plants can be sown in gullies to check soil erosion as in U.S.A. and elsewhere.
6. Dynamite can be used to loosen laterite prior to planting.
SPECIES to plant.
from memory
Plants should be selected from similar latitudes N. and S. of the equator preferably where long dry winter prevails. Also from mountains nearer the equator, (200-250 N. and S.) e.g. Formosa, Kwangtung, Burma (Mts.) India (Mts.) Bahamas, Cuba, Florida, Mexico, S. California, Queensland to W. Australia, Madagascar, Transvaal, S.. Africa, S. Brazil, N. Argentine and Chile.
PINES - soil must be inoculated with fungus hence nurseries essential. (Some of the land in the Territories is already infected with the fungus but not all).
Pinus Massoniana (H.A.) P. Philippensis (P.L.) P.taeda (Florida) P. caribaea (Cuba), P. patula (Honduras), P. Merkusu (Java), P. Halepensis (Aleppo), P. Canariensis (Canary Islands) P. longifdia (Himalayas) P. radiata (S. Cal.) etc. Well watered valleys.
Cupressus macrocarpa, C. Lusitanica, Cedrella mexicana, C. odorata, Eucalyptus saligna, E. maideni, Grevillea robusta, Schizolobium excelsa, Gmelina arborea, Leucaena glauca, Accacia decurrens.
Dry and sandy places.
Casuarina, Callitris sp: Cedrella Toona, Cupressus torulosa, Eucalyptus rostrata, E. robusta.
Firewood Trees.
Casuarina equisetifolia, Bischofia javanica, Cratoxylon polyant hum, Leucaena glauca,
Acacia decurrens, Eucalyptus globosus, E. saligna, Pinus sp, Melia azedarach; Gmelina arborea,
Ornamental - very many e.g. Cassia sp. Delonix, Erythrin, Bombax, Native Pinus Massoniana, Bischofia, Cratoxylon, Camphor, Ficus, Schima Noronhae, Liquidambar, Adenanthera, Machilus, etc. Trees exhibiting autumn colour effects - Liquidambar, Rhus sp. Sapium sp. Lagerstroemia sp.
Trees with conspicuous spring foliage
Camellia sp.
Ficus sp. Celtis chinensis,