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19. No drain or sewer shall be constructed in such manner as to allow any inlet to such drain or sewer to be placed inside any roofed building, (except such inlet as may be necessary from the apparatus of any water closet or urinal):
Provided that, if in the opinion of the Building Authority it is impracticable to comply with this regulation in respect of any pre- mises without encroaching on unleased Crown land, the Building Authority shall, on payment by the owner of such premises of a fee of twenty dollars, construct an inlet on Crown land to receive the drainage of such premises and connect such inlet with a sewer. The cost of cleansing and maintaining such inlet shall thereafter be borne by the owner for the time being of the said premises, and may be recovered by the Building Authority from such owner by an action in the Supreme Court in its summary jurisdiction.
20. The aggregate area of the openings in any grating fixed on the inlet to a waste-pipe from a bath or sink shall not be less than four square inches and such waste-pipe shall not have a less internal diameter than one and a half inches.
21. Every inlet to a drain or sewer shall be provided with a trap of a pattern to be approved by the Building Authority. All surface traps and gulleys shall be provided with hinged gratings having the nett area of the openings not less than twice the area of the trap or pipe. Such gratings shall be sunk to a depth of at least one inch below the surrounding surface with a slope round them equal to half the width of the grating.
22. Traps shall have not less than two inches of water seal and shall be properly fixed and jointed to the satisfaction of the Building Authority. All stone-ware traps shall be surrounded with four inches of concrete as specified in regulation No. 10 of these re- gulations.
23. No person shall construct or fix in connexion with any drain or waste-pipe the form of trap of the kind known as the bell- trap or any trap of the kind known as the D trap.
or
24. Every covered main drain or sewer carrying sewage sullage-water shall be ventilated at its upper end by carrying up in the open air an iron ventilating pipe of a diameter of not less than four inches to a height of not less than three feet above the eaves of the building to which it is affixed or of any of the immediately adjoining buildings, and clear of all windows, sky-lights or other openings as required by the Building Authority. The joints of all such pipes shall be properly caulked and run with lead.
25. Every covered main drain or sewer carrying sewage or sullage-water shall, if required by the Building Authority, have a ventilating opening near to its lower end and in the open air, and no trap or other obstruction to the free circulation of air shall exist be- tween this opening and the one described in regulation No. 24 of these regulations.
When a covered main drain receives the drainage of more than one building, the Building Authority may require additional provision for ventilation of the branch drain from each building.
26. All eaves-gutters shall be of cast-iron or other material approved by the Building Authority and shall be securely fixed at a proper gradient and connected to rain-water pipes to the satisfaction of the Building Authority.
27. Rain-water pipes and waste-pipes from baths, sinks and other similar appliances on the upper floors of buildings shall be fixed, as far as may be practicable, vertically, and shall be of cast- iron socketed pipes jointed with yarn and red lead, or wrought-iron pipes, with screwed joints, coated with bituminous composition, or galvanised, or pipes of other approved materials, securely fixed outside the wall, and in the open air, by means of heavy wrought-iron bands fitted round the pipe, and made fast with wrought-iron spikes not less than four inches long, or in the case of iron pipes by means of ears, made fast as above described and provided, at each point of con- nexion, with a suitable head, and at their lower extremity with a bend, shoe, or pedestal pipe. Every opening in the wall of a build-