22
(Mr. El Kony,
United Arab Republic)
By supporting the draft resolution contained in document A/L.531, the
Member States will contribute to correcting this abnormal situation and
to fulfilling their obligations toward the People's Republic of China
and the world at large.
Against this background my delegation cannot but vote in favour of the
draft resolution contained in document A/L.531. It will also vote
against the draft resolution contained in document A/L,532.
With regard to the draft resolution contained in document A/L.533, ve
believe that the course of action envisaged by it is uncalled for and
delays only further the right course of action which should be followed
by this Organization.
Mr. ALARCON de QUEBALA (Cuba) (interpretation from Spanish); Consistent
with its custon of more than fifteen years, once again the General
Assembly is discussing the question of the restoration of the lawful
rights of the People's Republic of Chine in the United Nations. My
delegation has made known its views on this matter in great detail in
previous years, Last year 100 stressed the fact that the delegations
which opposed s just solution to this problem have shown that they
lacked adequate reasons or arguments to justify their attitude. There is
therefore very little to add to this interminable debate, and that is
why my delegation will limit itself to summing up the position that it
has constantly defended since the coming to power of the Revolutionary
Government of Guba.
China is a founding member of the United Nations and a permanent member
of the Security Council. There is only one Chinese State, country and
people. In this hall, in the Security Council and in all bodies
dependent on this Organization, there is only one seat reserved for the
Chinese State. Eighteen years ago the reactionary, puppet clique that
claimed to represent that State was swept out of power by a popular
revolution that has radically transformed ancient Chinese society, Vast
continental China vas liberated to the last millimetre by its people
with wesponse in their handa; it was only in the Chinese province of
Taivaa, hiding behind the cannons of the Seventh Fleet, that refuge vse
given to the seromary henchmen of those that had been overthrown. From
that time
•
DR/nl-j
A/PV.1609 23-25
to tak
(Mr. Alarcon de Quesada, Cuba)
on this Organization has been confronted with an extremely simple
problem: note of the fact that eighteen years ago the pro-Imperialist
réging that had
pressed the Chinese people was replaced by a revolutionary régime, that
in the exercise of its most sacred and inalienable rights the Chinese
people had set up a new social and political régime in conformity with
its legitimate interests and with the course of history.
The gang that has taken refuge in Taiwan and the Seventh Flest of the
United States are totally lacking in representation and carot claim to
represent nere or anywhere else either the Chinese State or any other
State. If the Taiwan régime has managed to survive, it has only done so
through the crude military intervention of the United States. Its
existence is exclusively dependent on the darmons of the Seventh Fleet,
Therefore, this Assembly is not discussing the admission of a new State
or the expulsion of another State. It is only a question of recognizing
the fact that it is only the Government of the People's Republic of
China that truly and unequivocally represents that State, Furthermore,
it is only a question of recognizing a fact that now is a part of
history.
Guided by those principles, my delegation has joined with other Member
States in this Asscably in submitting draft resolution A/1,531/and
Add.), which is the only draft resolution to propose a solution to this
problem in conformity with th United Nations Charter. Therefore, my
delegation will oppose draft resolution A/L.532 and Add.1, sponsored by
the United States, which calls for an arbitrary two- thirds majority to
solve the problem of the representation of China, which is only another
effort to reject the credentials of a Member State and to impose the
presence of a group of usurpers in the seats of that State and using
prefabricated majorities for that purpose.
With regard to the draft resolution contained in document A/1.533, we
should like to say that it is unacceptable to us. Its adoption would be
tantamount to ignoring the indisputable rights of the People's Republic
of China; although it was presented as an effort to find a constructive
solution to the problem, its true result would be to maintain the
illegal status quo.
7
TL/
A/PV.1609
26
(Mr. Alarcón de Quesada, Cuba)
TL/1
A/PV.1609
27
(Mr. Alarcón de Quesada, Cuba)
There is nothing to study, nothing to investigate, nothing to negotiate.
Neither this Assembly nor any of its Members has any right whatsoever to
interfere in the internal affairs of States or to pass judgement on the
changes that any people may choose to make in its social régime.
The only just and permissible solution is that of abiding by the facts
of history, in this case the verdict that has been handed down by the
people of China itself in the full exercise of its right to
salf-determination. This Assembly has but one duty, namely, to respect
this reality and to restore to the People's Republic of China its lawful
right to be the sale representative of its people in this Asemably, in
the Security Comell and in all other bodies of the United Nations. Along
with this, it is obligatory for us to decide for the immediate expulsion
of those who have been usurping the lawful rights of China but who
cannot and do not
It is certainly represent the Chinese people, or any other State, for
that matter, an open secret that if this problem still remains pending
and without solution, it is because of the designs of the imperialist
Government of the United States of America. The United States delegation
in this Assembly once more is standing in stubborn opposition to a
solution of the problem of the restoration of the larħal rights of the
People's Republic of China in the United Nations, repeating the same
arguments it has used for eighteen years as proof of its adsment refusal
to respect the changes that are taking place in the world. The
imperialist Goverment of the United States, at the very height of its
cynicism and hypocrisy, is attempting to set itself up as the lord and
master of this Organization, deciding which States are entitled to join
it and which are not. But the Yankee imperialists are completely lacking
in all moral authority to talk about the principles and ideals of this
Organization. Their criminal aggression; their cowardly and immoral
attack on Viet-Nam; their interventions in Kares, the Congo, Laos, the
Dominican Republic, Cuba and the Middle Sast; their threats against
Cambodia; their policies of interference, subversion, exploitation and
blackmail all over the world; their
all of these define the imperialist support to the colonialist and
racist régiæca
Government of the United States on the hangaen of naakind, the worst of
all threats to peace, the arch-enemy of all peoples.
The denial to the People's Republic of China of its lawful rights in
this Frganization is part and parcel of the global imperialist strategy
of the United Mates to impede the development of the revolutionary
movement, to preserve its hegemony in all parts of the world and to
perpetuate its exploitation of the world's peoples. All States calling
themselves peace-loving must rise against that policy; and in the
subject now under discussion here there is only one way to do that,
namely, to restore to the People's Republic of China its lawful rights
in the Thited Nations. That restoration can be accomplished in only one
way, and that is the way laid down in document A/L.531/Add.1.
Mr. MIDDELBURG (Netherlands): The renewed debate on the problem of the
representation of China has so far not produced any novel aspects. The
conflicting claims to the seat of China in the General Assembly and
other organs of the United Nations have once more been put forward in
more or less identical terms and by approximately the same group of
delegations. The approach to the problem differs only in detail from the
argumentation used in previous years.
Although there is a wide divergence of opinion on the ultimate solution
of the problem, the fact remains that many Members do wish to bring an
end to the existing stalemate. Their sins may differ and their
convictions may be widely separated, but they do have this in common,
that they soek some movement in a situation that
has caused uneasiness for so many years.
During the twenty-first session of the Assembly the Italian delegation
took the initiative of proposing the formation of a committee that would
be entrusted with the exploration and study of the situation, an
initiative resulting from a proposal made a year earlier. In spite of a
noticeable lack of interest on the part of the twenty-first General
Assembly, the Italian delegation has had the courage and the good sense
to introduce this proposal once more in this twenty-second session of
the General Assembly. My delegation welcomes this perseverance and,
together with the delegations of Belgium, Chile and Taxesbourg, has
joined the Italing delegation in introducing the draft resolution
containing this proposal.
As was so ebly explained by the representative of Italy when he
presented this draft resolution to the Assembly, the main object of our
proposal is to create a body that will strengthen the prestige and
effectiveness of our Organization. I will not repeat or venture to
improve upon the many and cogent arguments which
TL/
A/PV.1609 28-30
BHS/eh
A/PY.1609
31
(Mr, Middelburg, Netherlands)
(Mr. Middelburg, Netherlands)
Ambassador Vinci adduced in proposing the establishment of a committee
of the General Assembly. As the debate draws to a close, I should like
to do no more the Answer some of the criticism that has been levelled
against the proposal containe. in document A/L.533 either during the
debate or in private conversations, and I shall attempt to underline
once more the positive approach intended by my delegatim.
One advantage ve see in establishing a committee which will be entrusted
with an extensive study of the entire problem is the possibility of
continuing the study of this question even after the Aasmbly has
adjourned. This will enable the Committee to perform its task in an
atmosphere of tranquillity, free from the tensions and preasured
surrounding the General Assembly and resulting from its crowded agenda.
It has been pointed out that as early as 1950 an attempt was made to
solve the problem of the representation of Chine by means of a
committee. At that time the muggestion was made by the delegation of
Canada, and the fifth session of the General Assembly decided, to
establish a special committee to consider the question. That Committee
reported to the sixth session that it was unable to make any
recommendations. May I remind Members of the fact that the Committea
established in 1950 met only twice. During its first meeting it did no
more then elect a Chairuan, and ten months later it net again to adopt
its report. It is evident that the Committee at that time did not
undertake a serious study of the problem, since circumstances reigning
in those years prevented it from coming to grips with the matter. It is
the sincere hope of my delegation that a future committee will. be in a
better position to undertake, and will indeed be able to undertake, a
thorough and objective study of the question.
It is our understanding that the committes ve have in mind will do no
more than collect facts and opinions, and present the result of its
study to
It is not intended that twenty-third session of the General Assembly.
the committee should go beyond this mandate. In spite of this very clear
delimitation my delegation believes that the committee could wake a
contribution to the solution we are seeking to reach.
The Chairman of the delegation of Chile expressed this very clearly when
he stated that the committee should work with great latitude and
flexibility
in order to present the General Assembly with some positive
contribution,
The proposal for the establishment of a study committee has met with
opposition from many sides, The fact that it is opposed both by those
delegations that wish to bring about a change in the present
representation of China, and by those that favour & continuation of the
existing situation, should be an indication of the objectivity on which
it is based.
Prompted by the conviction that some fresh impetus should be given to
the search for a solution, my delegation was pleased to lend its support
to the Italian delegation in its valiant efforts. We confidently hope
that the joint draft resolution in document A/L.533 which has resulted
from these efforts vill attract sufficient votes to indicate that there
exists a genuine desire to attempt a new approach.
Mr. KANTE (Mali) (interpretation from French): A mumber of countries,
including my own, have submitted to the twenty-second session of the
Omeral Assembly of the United Nations the question of the restoration of
the lawful rights of the People's Republic of China in the United
Nations. My delegation will speak only about the facts. The legal
aspects of the matter have been dealt with very eloquently by the
co-sponsors of the draft resolution contained in document A/L.551 and
Add.1 who preceded me to the rostrum, Therefore, vo take note of the
relevant argumente presented by them.
The sponsore of the draft resolution contained in document A/1.531 and
Add,1 have year after year requested the discussion of this question
because of their concern for justice and their desire to see lawful
rights restored. We mak for equity and justice for the great People's
Republic of China in the sane
PHE/h
A/PV.1609
32
BHS/ch
(Hr. Kante, Mali)
of the Charter of the United Nations and the noble ideals enshrined
therein, For us it is not only a matter of preaching those subline
ideals in a capricious manner, but of respecting them and carrying them
out in all
revné tances.
The delaying manoe
which up to now have prevented the restoration of the lawful rights of
the People's Republic of China in the United Nations are due to the
abject political expediency of the imperialists. If we examine the
argumenta put forward on both sides we shall see that the two doctrines
admit (1) that the People's Republic of China, demographically speaking,
represents a quarter of the human race; (2) that China is a founding
Hember of the United Nations; and (3) that the United Nations, to be
affective, mat be universal. Furthermore, even the most intransigent
advocates of the Chiang Kai-shek clique do not deny that the People's
Republic of China has a right to be seated here. All they do is present
outrageous conditions, which of course cannot be accepted, for its
seating. They timidly and svkwardly present the thesis of the two
Chinas, whilst the number of those bo want to seat the People's Republic
of China increases year after year. Therefore, the divergence lies in
the conditions put forward by the advocates of Chiang Kai-shak, They say
that the People's Republic of China should cease ite alleged aggression
and that it should demonstrate that it is faithful to the ideals of
peace and the Charter of the United Nations. To justify their
allegations, they like to speak of tensions in the Far East, for which
they make the People's Republic of China responsible.
That is reminiscent of a well-known fable, which can delude no one. Wa
imov she is responsible for the crisis in the Far East. The People's
Republic of Chine is neither a belligerent, nor aggressive, nor
subversive. It has not violated the air space or territorial waters of
any State, but its own territory is constantly being threatened and
violated.
There are some who constantly like to remind us of the fire states of
the People's Republic of China, taking those statements out of
context. Thus, they completely sisinterpret those statements and
transform thes into incendiary remarks, while in fact they are only a
response to the bellicose acts of others, Thosa persona should also have
recalled the many
A/PV,1609 33-35
(Mr. Kante, Mali)
positive statements of the People's Republic of China, especially, among
others, the statement of Prime Minister Chou En-lai in August 1960 when
he offered to conclude with the United States of America a mutus),
non-aggression pact. I should like to direct the attention of all
peaceful States to the statement made by Chou En-lat in Bandung on 25
April 1965 suggesting that the problem of Taiwan should be solved
together with the United States. I am also thinking of the proposals put
forward by the People's Republic of China in October 1964 concerning a
treaty on nuclear disarmament,
In speaking of the present situation, there are some who would like to
frighten us with statemente about the activities of the so-called Red
Guarda of China. However, they forget to tell us about the constant
subversive activities of those who work for sons Governments that wish
to extend their hegemony throughout the world. They therefore wish to
keep the People's Republic of China outside the international commity,
despite all the legal, moral and political argumenta to the contrary,
If belligerency, aggression and subversion were sufficient criteria for
States not to be Heubers of the United Nations, many Statém today would
pot be present in this Hall. In the name of the "sacred" doctrine of
colonialism and imperialism, they have been responsible for all the
crises everywhere in the world. It is they who preach to w with
remarkabla disingenuouspess the words of the Gospel, but we are not that
naive. They are condemned even by their own public opinion, as vell as
by world public opinion. They would do better to try to rehabilitate
themselves in the eyes of mankind through a change in their criminal
policy.
RSH/ap/rjs
A/PV.1609
36
(Mr. Kante, Mali)
They waste their time by trying to present the great People's Republic
of Ching in a completely fallacious light and by trying to make us
forget all the ordses they have comitted, This litery does not delude
anyone, Mystifications
are now at an end. The régine of human exploitation, corruption, hunger,
and misery imposed by Chiang Kai-shek are now at an end once and for
all. The Chinese people, having expelled the Chiang Kai-shek clique, is
trying to build & new society. The People's Republic of China is
intrinsically democratic and peaceful and pursues & peaceful policy.
Anti-colonialist and anti-imperialist, the great Chinese people have
always fought side by side with all peoples fighting for dignity and
Justice in accordance with the United Nations Charter. The People's
Republic of China, in the settlement of international disputes, observes
the principles of peaceful coexistence proclaimed at the historic
Bendung Conference, and the representatives of the free countries of
Cambodia and Nepal enn bene vitness to this.
Non-interference in the interm) affairs of States is one of the sain
policies of the People's Republic of China, and my country is fully
aware of the disinterested position of that country in bilateral
co-operation throughout the world. Many States Verbers of the United
Nations know this, and if there are countries which lack respect for the
United Nations, the People's Republic of China is certainly not one of
them; it is rather those who try to convince this Assembly by using
puerile and fallacious argumenta which they do not even believe
themselves.
The representatives of Cambodia and Burse found a benevolent but
ineffective defender in this Assembly on 20 November. Listening to that
advocate of lost CALLEDE, I thought first that it the representative of
Cambodia or Burns; but it was not, it was a representative who put up a
sorry defence. Let me prompt him. He could easily have reminded the
Assembly of the numerous aggressions against Cambodia on the part of
South Viet-Man, Thailand and others.
According to that speaker, it is difficult for a Chinese to abandon his
family, his friends and his homeland and to lose his human identity in
exchange for extle, This means that the Chinese people must not and
cannot be represented by any one except the Government of the People's
Republic of China, that is, by the Chinese who remained on the mainland.
We recognize with him that those who left their howeland cannot claia to
represent China.
RSH/AP
A/PV,3609
37
+
(Mr. Kente, Mali)
According to this same speaker, the people on Taiwan have not yet
decided to go back to the mainland to continue what they call the
liberation struggle, Although they claim that twenty-one provinces out
of twenty-six supposedly openly challenge the present régime and that
most of the large cities are also opposed to the Peking régime Is this
because of a lack of idealism or a lack of courage? Either way, their
spokestan can hardly be proud, But this will not delude us. President
Mao's régime is in an excellent state of health and more popular than
ever, Let those who doubt this go and see for themselves. The great
cultural revolution, the supreme manifestation of
lesocracy, is there for all to see, We challenge those who call
themselves the most democratic of régimes, including the puppet régime
in Taivan, to *** what is happening. They will soon see that they do not
represent their people but rather military and civilian oligarchies and
aristocracies.
It is clear to the whole international community that none of the great
problems of our time, including the Viet-Naxese drame and diearzement,
can be solved without the participation of the People's Republic of
China, and we recognize that the absence of the People's Republic of
China greatly weakene our Organization. The General Assembly must
therefore be just to the People's Republic of China and restore its
lawful rights in the United Nations, and exclude from the United Nations
and all its bodies the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek who are only
held in place by their masters' guna.
The great Chinese poeple will not tolerate such longer being represented
here by the Taiwan people. We are sure that very soon they will triumph
over all the forces of evil and remove the ostacion of which they have
been the victia for twenty yeaTE,
It is not the question of the admission of a new State which we are
debating, but the restoration of the lawful rights of a State which
fulfils all the conditions of the Charter and which has been
deliberately kept out of this organization for twenty years. This
requires the expulsion from the United Nations and all its bodies of the
representatives of the puppet régize of Taiwan, Taiwan is and always has
been a province of the People's Republic
of China,
FEH/ap
A/PV.1609
38-40
HP/rja
(Mr. Kante. Mal1)
In our view, the restoration of the lawful rights of the People's
Republic of China is a procedural matter. The Charter does not speak of
Governments, but of States. My delegation therefore rejects draft
resolution N/L-533.
By voting in favour of draft resolution A/L,531, gentlenen, you will be
putting an end to attempts at secession. By rejecting draft resolutions
A/L.532 and A/L.533, you will be preserving the unity of your countries
and preventing any
future tragedies. I am sure that you will be guided by your wisdom,
MT. FAKHREDDINE (Sudan): The question of Chinese representation has
been before the United Nations since the euergence of China as a unified
national
Power, when the People's Republic of China was proclaimed in October
1949.
In the intervening years, the United Nations has admitted to its fold
nations, many of which had no claim to admission beyond the fact of
their
existence se independent States, while the admission of the People's
Republic
of China has continued to meet with adasant resistance. Many irrelevant
arguments have been advanced in this Assembly through the years for this
exclusion, arguments which have appeared all the more unconvincing as
the People's Republic of China continued to assert its effectiveness as
the only
government of the 750 million people of China.
Since the question that is being considered by the United Nations
relates to the representation of China, the arguments, mostly based on
conjecture,
advanced by the protagonists of the Taivan régime about the nature and
future
intentions of the Government of the People's Republic of China have
little bearing
on the issue of representation. If they are relevant at all, these
arguments
would tend to support the case that the representative of the Feople's
Republic
of Chine, rather than the representative of Formosa, should occupy
China's seat
on the Security Council and other organa of the United Nations.
And, It is obvious
This is self-evident because it is the Goverment of the People's
Republic
of Chink that is the effective govemment of the overwhelming majority of
the
Chinese people. It is self-evident because it is the Government of the
People's Republic of China that is a great nuclear Fower,
therefore that apart from any considerations of basic principle, it is
neither
practical nor prudent for the United Nations to maintain the fiction
that China is represented at the United Nations by Taiwan,
·
A/PV.1609
41
(Mr. Fakhreddine, Sudan)
The United Nations has been faced since 1965 with a situation which has
demonstrated the absurdity of that position, as, pursuant to resolution
2030 (XXX),
Organization has to convene a world disarmament conference to which all
countries would be invited. It is well known that such a conference,
without
the participation of the People's Republic of China, would be
ineffective.
But the People's Republic of China has rightfully indicated that it is
unlikely that it would participate in such a conference, on sufferance,
It has
made it clear that the United Nations should first rectify its position
with regard to Chinese participation before asking for the participation
of the Government of the People's Republic of China. That is, of course,
the only logical position for China, and it should alert those who have
resisted the restoration of the lawful rights of the People's Republic
of China to the
dangers of their attitude,
-
It should be obvious that the most pressing problem that is now facing
the world the problem of disarmament cannot be resolved without the
participation of the People's Republic of China. However, the People's
Republic of China is not knocking at the door of the United Nations
asking for admission. Sooner or later this anomalous position of its
representation will have to be rectified in the light of the realities
of our present vorld. The question of the admission of the People's
Republic of China cannot for ever be ignored,
It is in this fire conviction that the Suden has co-sponsored draft
resolution A/L.531 calling for the restoration of the lawful rights of
the People's Republic of China and for the recognition of its
representatives as the
only lawful representatives of China to the United Nations.
In that draft resolution we are taking cognizance of the realities of
the situation, as well as being true to the principles of the United
Nations,
It is our fervent hope that others who value these principles will do
Mr. SOLANO LOPEZ (Paraguay) (interpretation from Spanish): In the ourse
of the many sessions of the General Assembly when the question of the
representation of Chins in the United Nations has been broached, ay
delegation has very clearly and unequivocally sade known its views and
the reasons on which they are based. By the same token, this session we
might simply limit ourselves to voting on each of the three draft
resolutions submitted to the plenary for
MP/rje
A/PV.1609
42
MP/rjo
(Mr. Solano Lopez, Faraguay)
A/PV.1609
43
(Mr. Solano Lopez, Paraguay
consideration, trusting that our views have been sufficiently explained
and
understood by all. However, the question with which we are dealing is
one of
those in which there are at stake problems of a political and legal
nature
which must be very carefully examined in the light of the provisions of
the
Charter, since the decision of the Assembly might determine whether
those are
repeated or reaffirmed, or whether we sacrifice the essential tenets of
that
instrument,* In these circumstances there is a sort of moral obligation
to stress
the ressons for which each State acts as it does, even at the risk of
repeating
what has already been said.
As far as the substance of the question before us is concerned, we
expect
the General Assembly to pronounce itself on two proposals which,
although sade
simultaneously, are extremely different,
One of those - ta set forth in draft resolution A/L. 531 would have the
General Assembly decide "to restore all its rights to the People's
Republic of
Chira and to recognize the representatives of its Government as the only
lawful
representatives of Chine in the United Nations".
The second proposal would call for the immediate expulsion of the
representatives of Chiang Kai-shek from the place which they unlawfully
occupy
at the thited Nations and in all the organizations related to it.
Let us consider the second of those two proposals. The Republic of China
ia " Founding Member of the United Nations whose name is mentioned in
Article 23 of the Charter and which is thereby & perennent member of the
Security
Council. Its behaviour in our Organization has been, and continues to
be,
exemplary. It has proved to be a good, true and loyal Member that has
fulfilled the obligations imposed upon it by the Charter. Particularly
in the light of the principle of living in peace with other countries as
a good neighbour, contributing to the efforts at maintaining
intamational pesce and security,
tradition of the Republic of China is most praiseworthy.
Aware of these reasons, the Government of the Republic of China which lạ
represented in this Assembly is the only one recognized by the majority
of Member States of the United Nations, my Government included.
Mr. El-Parra (Jordan), Vice-President, took the Chair,
+
H
Nothing in the international conduct of the Republic of China, either in
the past or in the present, can in any way justify the request for its
expulsion. delegation has opposed all such efforts in the past, opposes
them now, and
vill be firmly opposed to them in the future.
Let us briefly examine the proposal to admit the People's Republic
of Chire to our Organization. Let us recall, first and foremost, that it
1s the same People's Republic of China which refused to recognize the
principles
which were solemly established in the Charter to create an order of
international peace and security based on peaceful coexistence. It is
that self-sane China whose recent history proves beyond a doubt that its
international conduct is characterized by notorious acts of aggression,
domination and that in its controversies with other States is
substituting for
negotiations the use or threat of farce. It is obvious that the
provision of the Charter mean absolutely nothing to the People's
Republic of China,
since it is not a Member of the United Nations; but it is also true that
the
request for its inclusion in our Organization, or the desire to see it
become a Member of our Organization, le contrary to the very essence of
the principles
underlying the Charter,
To support auch an endeavour, moreover, it is alleged that the United
Nations must be given greater universality. That is an aspiration shared
by
all Members, But to consider it in its true light it is imperative that
in the present case we consider the applicability of that principle in
the light of the constitutional provisions, and particularly in the
light of the third
and fourth paragraphs of Article 2 of the Charter,
In view of the international conduct of the People's Republic of China,
to which I have already referred, its presence in the United Nations
could be
accepted only at the sacrifice of those provisions -- that is, by
shattering and flouting the principles on which the United Nations
rests. My country = not ready to pay such a price for the universality
of our Organization,
With those words I reiterate once again the position of Paraguay
regarding
the question before us. Based on such considerations, our position on
the three draft resolutions submitted to the Assembly will be the
following when
we come to the voting.
MP/TJE
A/FV.1609
44-45
PKB/ids
(Mr. Solano Lopez. Paraguay
We will vote against the draft resolution co-sponsored by Albania,
Algeria and other States, contained in domment A/L.531. We will vote in
favour of the draft resolution presented by Australia, Belgium, Bolivia
and other countries, in document A/L,532, because it meets the views of
my delegation regarding the majority required for decisions to be taken
on the question of China, and that such decisions have legal validity.
With regard to the third draft resolution, presented by Belgium, Chile,
Italy and other countries, contained in document A/L.533, even though ve
understand the good intentions that led its co-sponsors to submit it to
the Assembly, we will not be able to support it, nor will we abstain on
it in the
voting.
+
A/PT.1609
46
Mг, AMERASINGHE (Ceylon): We are reaching the end of the ritual which is
solemnly antcted every year over the question of the representation
China in the United Nations. We have the same three draft resolutions,
with hdly any changes of substance, before us: the draft resolution
A/L.531, moved by Albania, calling for the restoration of their lawful
rights to the People's Republic of China and their representatives and
the consequential expulsion of Chiang Kai-shek's representatives from
the seat which they unlawfully occupy; draft resolution A/L.532 moved by
australia, seeking a reaffirmation of a previous decision that any
proposal to change the representation of China is an important question;
and draft resolution A/L.533 moved by Italy, calling for the appointment
of a committee to study the question in all its aspects.
No fresh arguments have been advanced in support of or against any of
the resolutions, with the exception that the events and incidents of the
cultural revolution in the People's Republic of China have been cited by
certain representatives as justifying their doubts in regard to the
affectiveness and legitimacy of the Government of the People's Republic
of China. It might appear superfluous and even futile to participate in
a discussion the outcome of which is a foregone conclusion, but it is a
duty we owe ourselves and the Organization itself, to state our position
in the hope, forlorn perhaps and even presumptuous, that we may be able
to influence a few who are fortunate enough to be immune from prejudice
and fear as well as from the restraints that dependence imposes. It is
to those unbiased few that our remarks are mainly addressed.
To take the Australian draft resolution first: its first preambular
paragraph sppears to enunciate a self-evident proposition, namely, that
any question relating to the United Nations shall be considered in the
light of the purposes and principles of the Charter. We could not agree
more with our Australian friends that a question of Charter
interpretation should be considered in the light of the purposes and
principles of the Chartar. Indeed, we have dona precisely that in our
consideration of the China Lamus. But our reading of those same purposes
and principles, which anbody such impeccable and sublime concepts as the
development of friendly relations mong nations based on respect for the
principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, the
strengthening of universal peace and the achievement of international
law and
!
FKB/idm
A/PV.1609
47
PKB/ids
A/FV.1609 48-50
(Mr. Amerasinghe, Ceylon)
Justice demand that this Organization recognize the representatives of
the People's Republic of China as the only legitimate representatives of
the peoples
of China.
It is not necessary, as the Australian resolution suggests, to make a
specific decision that this rule should apply to the settlement of
conflicting claima fres more than me authority to be the Government
entitled to represent a Member
State in the United Nations. The norms and criteria generally recognized
as
governing the determination of the question as to which of two rival
authorities is the legal Government of a country, should be applied in
this instance too, as they alone constitute the nearest to what may be
regarded as the international law on the subject. Any considerations
which seek to vary these norma and criteria according to the convenience
of an individual State or according to the circunstances of any
particular situation can have no standing whatsoever in the reals of
international law.
The recommendation contained in Assembly resolution 396 (v) of 14
December 1950 was an attempt to introduce a new rule in place of the
existing rule, sa the application of the existing rule did not fit in
with the policies of a major Power and its supporters. They were not
prepared to accept the reality and truth of the revolution that brought
into being the People's Republic of China and which drove the former
ruler of China to seek refuge on an offshore island, part of the
territory of the Government of China, which he converted into a fortress
with the aid of a mighty Power, with the declared purpose of regaining
control of his former territory. The peoples of China had decisivaly
exercised their right to self-detemination by the only means known to
peoples who are victims of misrule. More than thirty years earlier
another revolution had occurred and on that occasim too, efforts vere
made to reverse the tide of events and the verdict of the people but
there was in that case no offshore island or territory conveniantly
located on which the Russian émigrés could muster and regroup their
forces with
foreign big Power assistance.
The Australian resolution and the recommendation it recalls would, we
regret to say, debase international law and practics and alter it to
subserve narrow sectional interests as against the universal interest
which the purposes and principles of the United Nations are intended to
secure and promote. What
(Mr. Amerasinghe, Ceylon)
--
we are discussing here is not whether the State of China is a Member of
this
*nization a fact which cannot seriously be disputed but whether or not
the legitimate Government of that country should be permitted to
exercise its right to be represented in the Organization. That the
Government of the People's Republic of China, the legitimate successor
Government of the State of China, miật be so permitted to exercise its
rights, seems to us self-evident. Unfortunately, over the years, this
Assembly has been treated to demonstrations of sterile sophistry
concerning such astters as whether the question is one of substance
or procedure, whether or not it should be treated as an important
question within the meaning of Article 18, paragraph 2, of the Charter,
and the like, all of which were, in our view, manifestly self-serving,
unrealistic and quite irrelevant.
Individual Members may be disposed to treat the question as one of
substance because they prefer the company of the Taiyan group to that of
the people of China as represented by the Government whose writ runs in
that vert expanse of territory referred to as the mainland of China,
Such Members seek to justify their atand by referring to the People's
Republic of China as an entity separate and distinct from Taiwan. By
doing so they have destroyed the very foundation of their thesis. Had
they at least continued to pretend and to delude themselves and others
of the same persuasion into believing that Chiang Kai-shek and his
Government were the offective Government of all the territory known as
China and embracing the mainland of China and the island of Formosa
(Taiwan), they would have been entitled to some respect for their
consistency and persistence. However, at the same time as they invoke
the purposes and principles of the Charter they display an utter
contempt for the very provisions of that Charter. They ignore the
provisions of Article 3 relating to original membership in accordance
with which the State of China, having participated in the United Nations
Conference at San Francisco, became a founding Member of the United
Nations. champions of the purposes and principles of the Charter
--
But these
some of whom agpanz
trest
to claim exclusive access to reason, logic and intellectual integrity
the State of China and Chiang Kai-shek'■ Government as synonymous tarms,
recalling that celebrated French monarch who suffered from a similar
hallucination.
ET/ ep
A/PT.1609
51
(Hr. Amerasinghe, Ceylon)
ET/ep