3.
passengers crossing daily between the island and the main-
land during the first six months of 1930 was 100,000.
small proportion of these were passengers to and from the
New Territory, or pass engers by rail to and from Chinese
territory, but by far the greater proportion were pass engers
to and from Kowloon. The overcrowding in the native quarters
There
in Hong Kong is very serious, and undoubtedly is responsible
in a large measure for the appalling mortality from tuber-
culosis. There is already a tendency to erect dwellings on
the mainland for the class of people concerned, and t his
tendency will increase with the still further improved ferry
services now being introduced. The great importance of this
movement in its relation to disease cannot be over-estimated.
Kowloon possesses one of the largest hotels in the
East, whose clients are almost entirely people either
residing in Hong Kong or passing through the Colony.
are in addition various institutions, such as the Y.M.C.A.
and the Salvation Army, which cater for the needs of the
island in a greater degree even than for those of Kowloon.
(ii) Public Services. The water supply of Hong
Kong constitutes a very serious problem, and it has been
found absolutely necessary to bring water from the New
Territory across the harbour by a pipe, in order to supple-
ment the supply available on the island. The major works
are situated in the New Territory, and will be dealt with
under that head. In Kowloon itself there are only minor
works, but it has been of course necessary to lay a pipeline
through Kowloon to connect with the harbour pipe to the
island of Hong Kong itself. Kowloon is to this extent
essential to the water supply of the island.
Other important Government buildings situated in
Kowloon are the Observatory and the terminal station, repair
sheds, etc., of the Canton-Kowloon Railway, while a portion