CONFIDENTIAL
Hong Kong, Kowloon and the New Territory.
The Island of Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain in
January, 1841, the cession being confirmed by the Treaty of
Nanking in August, 1842. In the Treaty it was stated that
this cession was made "to allow British subjects to careen
and refit their ships when required, and keep stores for the
purpose."
2. In 1860, the peninsula of Kowloon was ceded to Great
Britain by treaty, and now forms part of the Colony.
The
cession included Stonecutters and other islands. It was made
"with a view to the maintenance of law and order in and about
the harbour of Hong Kong".
2
This additional ceded area, measuring 2 square miles,
will be referred to in this memorandum as Kowloon.
3. In 1898, an agreement was concluded with the Chinese
Government for the extension of Hong Kong territory by an area
adjoining Kowloon, and including Mirs Bay and Deep Bay and a
number of islands. The total area of the mainland and islands
leased is about 359 square miles. The words giving the reason
for granting this extension were as follows: "Whereas extension
of Hong Kong territory is necessary for the proper defence and
protection of the Colony". The area in question was leased
for a period of 99 years. The Walled City of Kowloon was in
the first instance excluded, Chinese officials stationed there
being allowed to exercise jurisdiction, except in sofar as
might be inconsistent with the military requirements for the
defence of Hong Kong. In 1899, however, Chinese officials
ceased to exercise jurisdiction, the City being thereafter
incorporated by Order in Council in the leased territory.
This leased area will be referred to in this memorandum
as the New Territory.