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accordance with their treaty rights, and then before even the boycott was threatened, the President directed the most searching investigation into the methods of the Bureau and anounced his determination to put a stop to the abuses com- -plained of. In public speeches in the United States, with the full consent of the President, I alluded to this sub-
-ject and spoke as follows:-
*Some allusion has been made to some remarks that I have made on the Chinese question. If I had not been interviewed so many times in so many of your papers, and made to take so many different positions, I should not think it important to restate my position upon that question, because I know that you have a definite view, but my view generally is that we have reached a point in the life of our nation, where we are to be treated by other nations as an adult male; where we are to expect from other nations the same measure of courtesy and politeness and justice as we mete out to them. Now then, I understand that all the nations of the world recognize that we are under no obligation to make this continent the dumping ground for their beggars and robbers and bad people generally and therefore that we may pass properly and still look them in the face, alien exclusion laws, which shall prevent this fair land of ours from being loaded down with people who do it no good. I also understand that we have arrived at an agreement with the Chinese nation, by which, because their coolie class when they come here as labourers, do not amalgamate and become citizens and do not promise to become a part of this country, that we may exclude them; that has been con- -ceded by the Chinese nation and recognised by us; but on the other hand we have recognised that there are in China merchants and students and othet people whom it would be an advantage to this country to have come here. Now we occupy toward the Chinese nation, by reason of the fact that the Chinese nation believes that we are not land grabbing in the Orient, and be- -lieves that we desire to do justice, we occupy a position which will give to us our interest in the trade which is awaiting development. Now then, these are the premises. Ought we then to pursue a policy with respect to these merchants and students that have a right to come here which will inflict on them con- -tumely and thus destroy the position we have by reason of our position towards China in international affairs. I say no; and the State of California will say no too if the State of California knows her own interest and the interests not only of the wealthy men who carry on her enterprises, but of her labouring men. The labouring men make up the sinew of the country, and every time we increase our trade by one hundred millions, means that seventy-five millions are going to labour. How is it possibly in the interest of labour to throw an insulting message in the face of China merely for the purpose of suiting a few persons who must look at this matter from a superficial stand- -point. Now I hope I have made plain my view on the Chinese question. I am not criticizing the enforcement of the law, but what I am saying is that if either by treaty