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the Peruvian Delegation. They are those dealing with a possible Interna- tional Computation Centre and with the studge of the frigglems of high
e' altitude biology.
CHAPTER IV.-SOCIAL SCIENCES
35. Two items in this Chapter were the subject of special debate in the Sub-Commission on Social Sciences and we deal with these first..
36. Tensions affecting International Understanding.-At the Second General Conference in 1947, the United States Delegation gave the strongest support to this enquiry which was designed as a piece of fundamental research in sociology and psychology into the origin and nature of human conflicts including the resources available for dealing with them. The United Kingdom Delegation, at the instance of its National Co-operating Body which had considered the project before the Mexico City Conference, suggested certain conditions for the proposed study which were accepted and which continue to figure in the present plan of work for the "Tensions" project. To the enquiry approved last year the United States Delegation have now added a resolution calling for a meeting of experts to study and report upon the techniques used by Fascists and Nazis to gain power.
37. The United Kingdom Delegation did, however, make the discussion an occasion for again calling attention, as it had done at Mexico City, to UNESCO projects in the Philosophy and Humanistic Section, which seemed to have important bearings upon the Tensions project and to be likely to cause some confusion with it. The comparative study of cultures was one such example and to remedy this danger a resolution calling for a clear distinction between the two and close co-operation in their execution was passed.
38. The United Kingdom Delegation at Beirut was able to report that the United Kingdom National Co-operating Body for the Social Sciences had made progress with certain aspects of this work during the past twelve months and consequently it approved the retention of the project in the 1949 programme.
39. International Organisations in the Social Sciences. The success attending UNESCO's aid to the International Council of Scientific Unions resulting in the creation of the International Council for Philosophy and the Humanities in the autumn of 1948 naturally suggested the establishment of a similar International Council for the Social Sciences. The Director-General was accordingly asked to promote and aid such a movement.
40. Study of International Collaboration.—This Chapter also includes resolutions seeking to enlist the co-operation of social scientists in studying problems arising from recent developments in international collaboration, particularly those problems which arise, and which for a long time are likely to continue to rise, from the operation of the United Nations and its Specialised Agencies.
41. Social and International Implications of Science. We have already referred in paragraph 30 to this item. It is one which falls within the interest of both the Social Science and Natural Science programmes and opinions may differ on the question whether the problems which modern science raises in society are problems which scientists themselves can solve or whether, because of their great social and international implications, they are more appropriately the concern of sociologists. Convinced of the importance of this problem and the urgent need to find a solution to it,