VOL. IV NO. 79
HONGKONZEI TELEGRAFII,
Fur and on-behalf of ・・
SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, LTD.
The
TODAY'S WEATHER; Moderate East or Southeast 'winds ' treala Jocally, cloudy with some rain or drizzle tonight.
1 pm, Observations: Barometria pressure, 1017.4, mbs., 30.04 In. Temperature, 0%.4 der. F. Dew point, 02.dor. F. Relative leumidity, 82. Wind direction, East. Wind fores, 8 knots,
Low water: 1'11, 9 in. at 10.20 p.m.; 1igh water: 6. ft. Bin, al 1:30 p.m.
Hongkong Telegraph.
TUESDAY, APRIL 6, 1949,
12 NATIONS SIGN ATLANTIC PACT
Russians
Attack Iranian Territory
A Russian regiment is re. ported to have attacked an Iranian army post in North. western Azerbaijan a few days ago and "an impor- tant battle" was fought..
The reports sald the Russlan troops used tanks and armoured cars and crossed the border in the Paucbil district near the Caspian sea...
It is believed that Iran has handed Russia a stiff protest. The number. of Russian casual- iles is unknown.
The incident is regarded as the most serious attack sinco 1wo the Azerbaijan fighting yeurs ngo.'
SIXTH INCIDENT
It is the sixth reported in- eldent this year and follows on the heels of a Soviet attack said to have occurred in the Conan district recently,
Last autumn the Russians es- tablished border posts in Iranian territory
Tarvellers from the north re- port that there have been Bus- sian concentrations in the region
Reprieve Sought For
Young Murderess
0
to
London, Apr. 4.-Within a few minutes of an appeal mother having young against the death sentence on
was on his way been dialased today, n solleltor Whitehall with a petition praying for a reprieve. There were 12,000 signatures on the petition.
Nationwide sympathy has been aroused for the young mother, Mrs Heno Duffy, arod 19, sinen she was sentenced for the murder of her 23 year old, husband in Manchester. Her husband was described in the trial as a man who had who, when they subjected her to endless cruelty and quarrelled and she wanted to leave, refused take her baby with her.
to let her
Last month, warrant officer in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps offered to be executed in: Mrs. Duffy's place if her appeal falled-Reuter,
Paderewski's Bequest
To Universities
Paris, Apr. 4.-The late Dr Ignace Paderewski, the world famous pianist and the first Prime Minister of the Polish Republic, left about £14,000 to five Polish universlties, the Polish Embassy announced here today. The will, drawn up in 1930, was opened last week in a Paris judge's office.
A Polish Embassy spokesman said today that the money was
left to the Univerities of Cra-
cow, Jugetorame, Wroclaw and
Securus close to the Tran Posian and the Conservatoire
So
Russian Turkish borders, viet forces there held exercises, using heavy artillery and tanks not far from Mount Arrat.
In recent weeks the Russian radio stopped up his attack on Iran, claiming a breach of the treaty by the presence of Ameri- can advisers in Iran-Associated Press.
of Warsaw, to provide scholar. ships.
Dr Paderewski also left £250 per annum to his brother Joseph and his Julf-sister Marin, and £5,000 to his former secretary.
wife.
Helena Madame His Paderewski, who died in 1934, and other relatives who have died since the will was made,
mentioned,"
were
the
"also spokesman added
The total VAJUC of the Paderewski criate was "about £250,000."
FILM ACTRESS SERIOUSLY ILL
Was
Bulwark For Fuller And Happier Life
MOVING SPEECHES
HISTORIC
AT
CEREMONY
Washington, Apr. 4.-The Foreign Ministers of the 12- Western, nations formally signed the Atlantic Pact today, binding their Governments at an historic ceremony here to recognise an attack on one as an attack on all.,
Television and news cameras whirred and clicked in the State Department's ornate Auditorium while the Ministers stepped up in alphabetical order of the countries to put the seal to nine months of negotiations for common defence.
The agreement pledges the 12 powers to consult together when their territorial integrity, political independence or security is threatened in any part of the world, to do everything to strengthen their free institutions and eliminate conflict between themselves in the economic field.
of
is a worn-
peace throughout Preserving the world."
without naming the Soviet Union he added solemnly, "Our efforts to establish this force, been blocked however, have by one of the major Powers
Even
Dine
At the
For
P.G.
Reservations
Price 20 Cents
Tel: 27880
SINGAPORE TACKLES HOUSING PROBLEM
Singapore, Apr. 5. First practical steps to- wards relieving housing congestion by the provision of more houses in Singapore has been taken by the Colony's Legislative Body.
The city's legislators have approved the im- mediato preparation of a diagnostic survey of the housing requirements in this Colony. The survey, to cost Straits $500,000, will cover a period of three years.
The diagnostic survey, according to the Com- missioner of Lands. Mr C. W. A. Sennett, would find out how many people had to be dealt with, particulars of their work; size of their families and their needs for public facilities such as schools and the like.-Associated Press.
Chinese Red Radio Contradicts
Cease Fire Report
Nanking, Apr. 5.-Nationalist leaders, listening for confirmation of the Communist delegation's reported verbal promise to issue a cease-fire order today, heard the Communist Peiping Radio last night declare that Red liberation armies were preparing to cross the Yangtse river to "sweep away the Kuomintang murderers."
week's skirmishes Magnifying last between Nanking University students and Kuomintang Army veterans into "more than 200 killed, wounded, thrown in the river and missing," the Radio. quoted from an editorial in the Communist New China News Agency and called Acting President Li Tsung-jen, the Premier, General Ho Ying-chin, and General Pai Chung-hsi "war criminals who must be captured alive."
The agreement is valid first for 10 years and will then be reviewed for another 10 years.
"In taking steps to prevent Mr Dean Acheson, the US.
our against
own Secretary of State, welcomed aggression
is colleagues to the packed peoples we have no purpose of the Hall and opened the ceremony, aggression against others." Hollywood, Apr. 4-Every declaring: "For those who sol President stated.
to save their feet
"To suggest the contrary is on the path of a to glander our institutions and effort is being made
This the baby expected by film ac-gression, this treaty
.lack of unanimous defame our Ideals and our trees Olivia de Havilland in ing that if it must needs be
agreement in the Security Council docs not
that August, how studio announced that offencey come, then woe aspirations.
"We have come together in a
mean yesterday.
unto them by whom the offence
co-operative economic we must abandon our attempts great cometh." reported
Welcoming the Foreign effort but we cannot succeed if to make peace secure. The actress earlier to be seriously ill. She
the 11 other our people are haunted by the without that agreement, which
It accused the Nanking der. In the Communist official has been confined to bed for Ministers the last two months. A doctor Pact nations and addressing constant fear of aggression and we sill hope for, we shall do
na burdened by the cost of pre- much as we can. sald he doubted whether she 1,300 members of the Diploma-
"In this Treaty we seck to Government of insincerity in broadcast.
They were waiting anxiously the peace negotiations, and said ometals and news- paring their nations Individually
establish freedom from aggres- will be up again
before the tie Corps,
Mr Acheson said: against attack." papermen,
the prerequisite of The alliance, President Tru- sion and from the use of force that it was plotting for further for this to take plave us birth of the baby.
Wife of novelist MarcusWe are met together to con- Goodrich,
It sald, was "a gang of mur- formal pence negotiations on a Miss de Havilland summinte a solemn act" The man said, was a "simple docu- in the North Atlantic communi- war. The Nanking Government, essential
"This is the area which hos derers who had not lald aside political level.-Reuter-AAP was reported to have greally purpose of those who had draft-ment but if it bad existed in 1914 and in 1039, supported by was like the Maitro Brieant, the Polish improved towards the end of ed the treaty
been at the heart of the last their butcher's knife." which are repre- told last week, but her condition be- Washington, Apr. 4-There
purpose of those who chart the the nations
"To protect this area against prevented the acts has been a sharp decline in Embassy solicitor here,
Paderewski came serious over the weekend. stars-not to create what they sented here today, I believe it two world conflicts.
would have record, but to set down reali-
be a long step to- the divorce rate in the United Reuter
of aggression which led to two war will ties for the guidance of men, world-wars-
wards permanent peace in the States-during-the-past-two stated in his wilt: "I ask par-Associated Press.
hether well or il disposed.
whole world." years, according to Government don of all whom I-may-have- offended. myself pardoned
"For those who seek peace, It have figures. Morringes also
save those
10 refuge and is u declined.
for their Service povera iny country
strength, a very present help North Atlantic people faced a The Public Health estimates
were personal ends."
in trouble. For those who set common problem of muster- that there
Maitre Belcout said that us
their feet upon the path of aging 415,000 divorces granted last
fortune col-
pression, it is a warning that year compared with 474,000 in Dr Paderewski's
at property in 1947, and a record number of sisted mostly
if it must needs be that offences Brazil Switzerland,
and the 610,000 in 1946.
The marriage rate last year United States, the total value
comt, then woe unto them by whom the offence cometh. very 185,000,
with of £250,000 was compared
properties rough" figure. The 1,991,078 in 1947 and more than
were belig revalued.-Reuter, two million in 1940.-Reuter.
Fewer Divorces In America
wus
EDITORIAL
everyone
that
T
Dr
who Ships. Take Shelter
Landon, Apr. 4.-Shipping is sheltering today at many points around the British coast after one of the stormicat nights for many years. At times the wind attained a velocity of 120 kilometres per hour.
Gales delayed today's train frum Dunkirk-Reuter,
World Economic Balance
As the world progresses towards
three
an be increased considerably. This is per- haps the most important, economical factors
Its development during the past year. are:
Importance is not limited to the pos- sibilities which it brings of raising the food consumption levels and of further rehabilitating agriculture. The increased supplies of foodstuffs represent an added means of reducing inflationary pressure for expanding production generally, for increasing the volume of foreign trade and for alleviation of the international payment Most in- problem of many countries, dications point to the 1948-1949 agricul- tural season as being a bumper one for
The
in some the world.
recovery European wheat and rye crops in the present Reason in expected to be very marked, the percentage increases on 1917: being estimated at 26% in Czechoslovakia, 170% in Denmark, 120% In France, 53% in the British and American zones of Germany. 32% in Italy, 31% in Holland, 46% in Poland and 38% In Britain. The total world food production has however, some way still to go before it catches up with demands. Secondly, as far as in- dustrial production is concerned, world needs for re-equipment, purposes have naturally put heavy emphasis on all capital goods. Recovery or expansion Is therefore generally much greater la the iron, steel, chemicals and engineering Industries. Finally the world is begin. ning to produce more raw materials, und the general picture of progress toward economic balance is
of great encouragement, though much has still to be accomplished in the realms of produc tion and distribution before the desired economic equilibrium le, attained.
balance economle acquire added emphasis. They First, the dependence on one another of many countries for supplies of food, raw materials and goods, expansion of trade their and the eventual freeing of monetary exchanges; secondly, the in- terest which each country-even eur- In one rently prosperous-must take another's progress; and lastly, the need for greater international co-operation. As the day of world economic balance, draws nearer so the sensitiveness of any one country to external events will Increase. While, for instance n country may have perfected its plans to counter production any Inciplent slump, once begins to meet with the demands -it' will be impossible for it to Insulate itself completely against a slump elsewhere. towards And
alm should be Increased collaboration on the order of the Marshall Aid scheme which has developed
and between the U.S.A. Western Europe. An essential of this ly the wider co-operation and greater ex- change of information about economic affairs in every country. In this respect the United Nations is doing valuable work in a number of directions such as Major the recent publication "The Economic Change in 1948", which gives a
world progress last. fine summary of year. Agriculture, Industrial production and raw materials are the essentials of full recovery. Taking them in turn, the United Nations' view on agriculturé is that as n result of the substantially larger harvests in the summer of 1948 the supply of foodstuffs during 1949 will.
но оде
one
the
THE REALITY
"For the reality which is set down here is not created here,
of the
COMMON PROBLEM Mr Truman said that the
the forces of modern
technology in the public interest. To meet this problem success which we can exchange the fully, we must have a world in products of our labour not only among ourselves but with other nations."
"But we cannot succeed it The reality is the unity of be- our people are haunted by the lief of spirit, interest community of nations represent-constant fear of aggression."
Mr ed here, It is the product of signature
Truman referred to the
Treaty many centuries thought and of many simple and brave men and group
of common'
05
of the
of neighbours, living the same locality, who
The broadcast did not
alter
to
Police Search For Stanley
an
The Radio read a sheat of telegrams trom, student or- Canisations In Communist areas sympathising with the Nanking students, and went ou of all fo claim the capture BEVIN'S OBSERVATIONS
Honan Province, except for The British Foreign Secretary, wo isolated counties. Mr Ernest Bevin, sald he was
nified that "the step we are the view of neutral observers taking has the almost unanimous approval of the British people." that the Communists will issue
"We have witnessed a period u cease-fire order to appeal in which,
was the countries the sentiments of the Chinese represented here
have been war-weary masses. striving to rehabilitate the world and to restore it to prosperity and sanity, they have been con- They described the broadcast police authorities today had stantly frustrated
ciras another thrust in the Com-still no news of Mr Sydnoy efforts we had to get together munist war of nerves as the Stanley, the Lynskey Tri- and build with such material as peace talks get under way. bunal, witness who failed to was available to us, and this this
in
their
WAR OF NERVES
Messages from Hankow last
May Be In Israel
London, Apr. 4.--The
the blood "a neighbourly act, we are Jixe material was happily at hand in night said General Pai Chung-report to them on Saturday.
ne-
from
great Atlantle community,
his ability to defend the city. ordered a widespread check women. The reality Iles not in ecide to express their common with its common outlook and hsi had expressed confidence in Scotland Yard. last night the common pursuit of a mater-
of Interests by en- desire for peace. community
"Our peoples do not glorify 300 miles west of the capital, as at ports, airports and air
the Communist armies continue companies. or of power to dominate tering into a formal association ial goal others. It lies in the affirmation for tel
advance mutual self-proter- war but they will not shrink their
South
Stanley is due to appear on from It of moral and spiritual values
it it aggression is threa-Honan into Hupch Province
Wednesday to answer a sum- which
within 74 miles of Hankow. "The nations who will sign tened." govern the kind of life tion.
As result
a
of the Pact
sources Further Nationalist
mons under the Bankruptcy they propose to lead, and which
was no longer a they propose to defend by all agree to abide by the peace-
the United democracy
in Nanking last night confirm- ful principles of that
himselt possible means should
Nations, to maintain friendly series of. isolated units but had
ed a report from an authorita-Act. By falling to report to the
for liable to prosecution tive source in the President's police he has made co- become "n cohesive organism" cessity be thrust upon them. relations and economic
is a fact relat
Offee that the Chinese Commu- breach of the Allens Order. "Even this purpose is a
with one another, to Mr Bevin added,
""But this is not the final end.nists have agrend, in pre- which has been demonstrated operation
consult together whenever the
the with every liminary exchanges with pursue
In New York today, Marcus delegation Wulkan, Stanley's brother, said he heard unomically that Stanley might have reached however, Israel. "I was hopeful that my decision brother would go to Israel," ho told Reuters. "I am, of course, anxious to know, of his where abouts."
twice in this present century. It territory or independence of any We shall the building of Nationalist
AVI
for
of
this
દ
may
No-
tries
force for the behalf of a free parliamentary Nations ini. (Continued on Pare 5)
penco
issue 10
Western Nations And Soviet Eastern
Mr Acheson's variation Bloc Military Strength Comparisons
in
D
it
NO KNOWLEDGE-
П
is well that these truths be
here one of them is threatened, and endeavour known. From this act taken here to come to the aid of any one truly universal United Nations.
cease-fire order. today will flow increasing good
be to which this group of coun- Visiting Felping, them which
will be no mean contrl-
They emphasised, all peoples. From
attacked."
that the Communis! on to say butor." Mr Truman went joining of many wills and one
"Mr Bevin also sold that "In was a verbal one and it res the United purpose will come new. inspira- that within
and other appending my algnature to this mained to be seen whether tion for the future.
tions, this country. "A new strength and courage contries have hoped to establish act today, I am doing to on would be confirmed by an or will
only 10 the en international will accrue not peoples of the Atlantic con- use of the United
A Reuter despatch from Tel- munity but to all peoples of the
Aviv today said that nothing world
community who seek for
was known there of the whero- themselves
and for quers
abouts of Stanley. His lawyer, had equally freedom and peace.”
Mr Max Seligman, who warning
applied for but falled to securp a slight of Chapter 18, verse for verse,
ho hnd Most of the military man-1 but believe that the Allanile an Israeli visa for Stanley, sald "absolutely no know- of the Gospel of St Matthew
of Stanley plans or the New Testament
the The North Atlantic Treaty power of the Atlantic group is Powers probably muster moro
centred on the armed forces of long-range bombers.
movements. "Woe unto This states:
The leaders of the Heruth world because of the offences unites 12 Western countries the United States, Britain and
In addition to their potential for it must needs be that the with a total population of France.
Leumi terrorists), experts In tem Powers together possess: offences come, but woe to that 332,439,000-nearly 15 per- account for about 311.300 of the manpower advantage, the Wes-Party (formerly the Irgun Zval
the offence cent more
smuggling people into Palestine, by whom
manpower than 12-Power total at 4,140,000.
Rustia
the big power of the (1) More than three times I also
of professed ignorance cometh.
the Soviet group. TRUMAN'S SPEECH
Russia, with its six Eastern Soviet group with an estimated as much capacity for producing Stanley's movements.
armed steel. Truman, European allies, Poland, Czecho- 4,050,000 men in its President Harry
forces, Her
'add other alles speaking after all the Foreign slovakia, Hungary, Rumania,
(2) More than twice about 1,181,000 to that figure. Ministers and 'just before the Bulgaria and Albania, have a
The beg navies of the Unlled much coni production. signing, rejected Russia's population of 274,730,000.
and Britain, plus the Menmired in manpower, the States
(3) Eight times as much charge that the Pact was "ng-
oll. gressive" and hailed it as
present armed strength of the naval forces of the her allies, Treaty countries and the Soviet give the Athanile allance a wido
34, Uimes (4) Almast.
as bloc is estimated to be roughly edge in sea-power.
As for air power, military ex-muca covers tho same. This
ocean-going merchant
man
a
Washington, Apr. 4-1
"shield against aggression and the fear of aggression."
abulwark the It would create behind which the peoples the world could got on "achieving, a fuller and pler lito."
•
docs
three The
countries
of standing armies, navles and air pats can only ruess. They c-tonnage. with forces but
not include i ilmate, that the total number of hap-reserves that might be called up aeroplanes is about the same for
in the event of war,
H
(5) Nearly three times
icdgo
An Israel ofcial spokesman stated definitely that if he did 03 arrive in Israel without a visa he would be returned whence he came" Ilke any other vise- less person.
Some observers in Tel-Aviv.
that neverthelesa belloved Stanley-atated at the Tribunal already to have used six namos In his career-might arrive in- asder another name, with 'papers-
the Western and Eastern blocks, much motor transport-Router. apparently in orderRouter,