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Longkong Telegraph.
VOL. III NO. 253
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 26, 1948.
REMEMBRANCE
DAY FUND
NOW OPEN
GIVE GENEROUSLY
Price 20 Cents
Britain To
MALAYAN Vyshinsky Says NO: Applies Nationalise
BANDITS SLAY 225
London, Oct.. 25.-Mr D. R. Rees-Williams, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies, disclosed tonight that 225 people had been killed by bandits in Malaya since June,
Of these, 17 were Europeans. 109 Chinese, 25 Malays, seven Indians, two Javanese and three Sakata
Of 430 bandits killed and cap- tured, 407 were Chinese, mostly im- migrants from China.
failed to The Communists had disrupt the economle Ilfo of the country, or to secure the people's support, Mr Rees-Willams said.
The vast majority of the people opposed the Communists, particularly the Malaya, over
20,000
of whom had joined the newly-raised police as 6,500 special constables, and over as auxiliary constables.
tragedies of One of the
tho terrorist attempt to seize power was that the heavy expenditure military
and police
requirementa
Mr
had limited progressive measures planned by the Government, Rees-Williamna said.
CONSTRUCTIVE WORK
At the moment the terrorists were 'concentrating their attacks on com- munications, since so many of their troops headquarters had been dis- persed, he added.
Remarking that I had been written on the constructive steps taken to build up Malayan economy and to raise the standard of living, Mr Roes-Williams sald that the rubber production
1040
in
was
Veto To Berlin Resolution
4 Terrorists
Killed
Singapore, Oct. 25.—Teb armed Chinese terrorists today tried but falled to seize a rifle from a Malay constable and four of them were killed in the process.
The ten attacked the con stable in daylight, in the main street of Sungaci Pelak, 14 miles from Kuala Lumpur.
Hanging on to his rifle, the policeman pulled out his knife and stabbed one terrorist, then shot another dead.
A Gurkha policeman, off duty and carrying no fire- arms, came to the Malay's assistance with a knife and fatally stabbed a third ter- rorist.
Police reinforcements from a nearby station shot the fourth one dead.
The other six escaped Reuler.
Liberty Boat
403,700 tons, while 400,500 had been Disaster Inquest
produced in the first seven months
of this year.
tons in 1946.
Oct. 23-Verdicta Portland,
misadventure" by
DI
were
UNITED NATIONS FAIL TO
FIND SETTLEMENT
All Efforts At Conciliation Abandoned By Council
Paris, Oct. 25.-Mr Andrei Vyshinsky, leader of the Soviet dele- gation to the United Nations, today vetoed the United Nations Security Council's compromise proposal for the settlement of the Berlin crisis. It was the 27th time the Russians used the veto power to kill a Council resolution and a Council action.
The Western Powers abandoned all efforts to reach a settlement within Risking a Soviet vote, the United Nations with Russia on the Berlin crisis. they decided after a long series of secret talks to put the compromise formula of the six "neutral" members of the Security Council to a vote at once.
Colombia's Boberto Urdaneta Arbelaez, who
attended the meeting, said "that all efforts at con- ciliation have been abandoned because of the intran- sigent attitude of the Russians."
He predicted that the Russians would veto, the compromise formula and that the final Security Council vote would be nine to two with Russia and the Ukraine voting against.
The production of tin so far this
The Council meeting finally opened↑ year was 4,558 tons, compared with "Death 0.482 tons for the whole of 1940. returned at the inquest here today at 5.40 p.m. Paris time-two hours While the 1047 rice production was jon
Arthur and 40 minutes after the originally Midshipman Richard
the big three 340,000 tons compared with 257,000 Clough, aged 18, of Oxford, Naval arranged time--with
Leonard,
announcing accep- ona Western Powers Airman Thomas Arthur
tance of the formula divised by the The British Government had made aged 10, of Dagenham and Ordinary
six noutral members of the Council #free grant of £10,000,000 and an Seaman Eric Morrison Jack, aged Interest-free loan for war risk 19, of Aberdeen, who lost their lives and which Mr Vyshinsky rejected.
A grant of £1,000,000 a result of the sinking of the insurance. had been made towards a university pinnace carrying libertymen back to of Malaya to be created in October the Aircraft Carrier Ilustrious.
next year.
The British Government and the
and Governments of Singapore Malaya were determined to press ahead with all possible steps towards rehabliliation and the creation of a happy and prosperous Router.
EDITORIAL
Malaya,
red
Clough died after being rescued. The pinnace sank in a gale 100 yards from the ship with a loss of one midshipman and 28 ratings. The bodies of 28 ratings have not been recovered.-Reuter.
Turning The Corner
NICE striking Improvement
THE
In
of
Britain's balance of payments
during the first six months this year has given a new turn to speculations on the long-term
Until prospects of her recovery, these figures were known it was necessary to
the Assume that current was still running heavily against Britain. The steady ex- pansion of exports
partly offset by a continued rise in the prices of primary materials British which form the bulk of
Was
be the have 110
Imports. Little progress seemed to have been made since the start of the year with, this argent Job of reducing the overseas deficit. "This belief was reinforced by a golit. It has continued loss of been a pleasant surprise to told by the Chancellor of Exchequer that things Improved to a point where further substantial gold losses are expected this year. The main reasons for this change, are stated in bald figures in the White Paper on the U.K. balance of payment. In the first place there has been a 50 percent reduction' in Government expenditure - over- Beas, largely as a result of the winding up of wartime and relief activities. Net carnings of shipping have considerably ine creased as the reconstruction of Britain's Mercantile Marine has made further DTORTCES. There
to
has also been a sharp, reduction which in the amount of money Britain's people were able spend on travelling abroad, and on the other side a big jump in Income from visitors to
Britain. general
It is obvious that: the tahlening. up of inessential ex- penditure after the convertibility grials of August, 1847 has borne fruit this year,. For the first time since the end of the war invisible transactions, which, used to pay for a large alice of Britain's hayo Imports before the war,
€10 yielded a small surplus of meeting million towards
the deflet. Another change is
At reduction in the rate ETCAL which overseas capital is used up. A revizion of
being
the
figures for 1047
shows that the "capital export". In that year was than bind Deen even greater suspected. Sir Stafford Cripps has stated that capital exports, which include "hot money," had been mainly concentrated in the early months of the year; he had "unmistakable evidence" that the movement of refugee capital out of Britain had now been reduced to comparatively
small dimen- slons. Other capital movements must be roughly balanced by
Line ID the Chancellor has undertaken that we shall main- tain our gold reserve substantially infact so long as ERP Aid con" tinues and this aid will barely cover Britain's deficit on current Western the with Account Hemisphere. The movement of sterling balances
provides another surprise. It had been sald for some time that the U.K Government was releasing ex- cessive
frozen amounts of the wartime balances of the sterling countries. The balance of Day-
that ments figures,, show
the siering area countries have fset added a net amount of £110
balances tillon to their
in London during the first half of 1048, Last year they drew dawn their balanoo
'£150 by nearly million. This year they are well on the
that way to replace
accounts. smount in their bank On the other hand the sterling balances held by Argentina and France, and, to a lesser extent, by Egypt, Sweden, Haly and one or two countries outside the drawn sterling area, have been down in the fest six months of this year by £142 million Almost the whole of this is oc- counted for by Argentina and Franco, where trado would havo been seriously interrupted · those balances had been blocked, On the whole the half-year balance sheet goes some way to Justify the measures taken after the
Gnancial breakdown of August, 1947, They zo almost xil the way to show that the prob- lem of Billain's recovery is, no tonger beyond the power of her people to solve,
Then he painted out that what the was proposing was the West lifting of the blockade now and "Just start talking" about the Berlin currency problem."
"VIOLATES AGREEMENT"
Mr Vyshinsky charged that, the The Westernt Powers also ap- proposed Council resolution "viola- les' what he described as a four pealed to the Soviet Union in the
by the power agreement reached Interest of finding a settlement of the Berlin crisis to accept the three Western' envoys and Mr Josef Im Stalin in Moscow on August 30. formula which calls for the
He demanded that the August 30 mediate lifting of the blockade, the Introduction by November 20 of agreement- directive to the four in Berlin-bo Governors The Soviet zone
sole Military mark as the currency for Berlin and eventually "Implemented" exactly.
Mr Vychinsky concluded his state- a council of Foreign Ministers meel-
ment by saying that "this is why Ing on all of Germany.
the Soviet delegation cannot agres to this draft
resolution. The Soviet Union will vote against this
DRAMATIC MEETINGS
Death For Mass Murderer
Hamburg. Oct. 25.--A former. $5 company com- mander was sentenced to death by a military court in Hamburg on Monday for massacring more than 90 British soldiers in Flanders in 1940.
He was Fritz Knoechlein, aged 37. He had pleaded not guilty to a charge of being responsible for the killing of the prisoners at
do Paradís, Pas Calais, Franco.
The British soldiers were mostly men of the. Second Battalion of the Royal Nor- folk Regiment.—Associated
Pross.
25,000 Troops And Police Take Over Coalfields
Her Steel Industry
Big Conflict Over Bill Expected
King
London. Oct. 25. George VI will formally_notify Britain's iron and steel mer that the Labour Government intends to nationalise their record-breaking industry when he opens the fifth and longest session of the present Parda- ment tomorrow, it was authori- tatively learned.
The "Battle of Steel" Bill to take" the industry out of the hands of private enterprise and place it un- der national ownership and control the is likely to be introduced in House of Commons by the end of the week
Three days are expected to be spent on the second reading of the debate. The committee stage may
on for months.
go on
ONE BILL A WEEK Visiting Dominion statesmen, stlil in London from the recently- Commonwealth Primo concluded Ministers Conference, may be pro- sent at Weriminister when the King, wearing his Parliamentary robes and the Crown, opens the new session
with traditional: prowar ceremony and pageantry.
Parliament will have to work at an estimated rate of one Bu a week to cope with the great amount of business in the coming 14-month long session. Almost 20 major Bills will be presented, but with the addition of routine Bills, the total may be trebled.
Chief interest lies in the Iron and Steel Bill, which certain, to bo the centre of violent controversy.
The Labour Party got in the first blow with the publication of a 15- page, two-penny pamphlet stating
titled: "British Steel at Britain's Service."
Paris, Oct. 25.-An army of troops and police, a caso for nationalisation and en- unofficially estimated at between 25,000 and 30,000 men, entered the Douai Valenciennes coalfields of Northern France at dawn today.. As the French miners' strike went into its 22nd day, these forces began occupying pithead installations held by strike pickets.
the
#
OPPONENTS TO BILL Fighting the Dill will be the Conservative Party, British business interests and other groups which be- Heve that the Government has gono too far in seeking to nationalise this productive
Industry.
Mr Winston Churchill, the Con- servative Party leader, will
the
direct struggle against the Government
in the House of Commons. His-top- adviser is Sir Andrew Duncan, the
that the
An official of the Central Administration of the State- controlled coal industry said tonight that the strikers had capitulated in all the pits-at least 20-to the east of Douai in the Douai-Valenciennes coal belt."- Troop and police operations elss-1 reconsider its position and take up National member for the City of where in the northern coalfield had negotiations with umon leaders at London, and a former chairman of been successful, bo added.
the national level.
the Iron and Steel Federation. Ho This was the first time that such It asked for a nationwide with-is one of Britain's greatest authort-
industry. a large-scale troops movement has drawal of troops and police from tles on the ind been carried out in the northern the coalfields, accompanied by Labour quarters.
aiate from
unlons for measure generally will be in line tral and southern fields last week safety men to led to fears of more violence today. Ten thousand people quietly at
Early this afternoon, however, the tended the funeral at Firminy, near
area 28 miles by St Etienne, today of a min
miner kled 10, from the Belgian frontier to the in a clash for possession Douai-Lille road-seemed to bave Cambefort pit last Friday, passed over successfully with
M. Alan Le Leop, the Secretary serious opposition anywhere,
General of the Communist COT, said: "The miners will triumph, accuse the Minister of the Interior of having made French blood, flow needlessly.""
series of hectic and dramatle secret in the suite of Dr Juan Bramuglin, fields and bloody clashes in the cea- guard to carry on their work. with the Bill that have nationalised
The rejection of Mr Vyshinsky'a resolution. offer to raise the Berlin blockade
Earlier, the last of the secret meet- "by
stages" Instead of
uncon-ings took place at George V hotel ditionally and at once, come at a
avold who fought doggedly to meetings while hundreds waited in showdown vote which would pro- the United Nations- auditorim more duce a Soviet vetu. than two hours for the postponed Council meeling.
7
operation-over The menting was attended by all Council members except Russia. Ukraine and Syria, who broke up shortly after 5 pm. Parts time.
Sir Alexander Cadogan, British delegate, pledged his support of the and described compromise formula
THE RUSSIAN OFFER It as the way for assuring a settle-
The Security Council meeting at ment "fair to all parties."
Mr Jessup, American delegate, first arranged for 3 pm, was post- United poned until 5 pm, to accommodate also formally announced
the last attempt to see whether Mr States acceptance of the resoludon. Vyshinsky's offer had any pos- Ho said that it was the result of an sibilities of agreement. Mr "imaginative
ative and sincere effort" to a Vyshinsky obtained a delay to give "dimcult problem."
the Western Powers. time to con
2011 He pointed out that ifto Dr Bramuglia at a secret mid-
M. Parodi, French delegate, apsider his new offer-received from 10 Russia to accept the Moscow late yesterday and conveyed skipped any condemnation of the night meeting at the Russian Em- its blockade of bangy here. The Russian offer was Soviet Union for
for the ting of the Berlin blockade Berlin.
Ho described the resolution as "an "by stages."
(Continued on Payo (5) honourable oxit" for everyone in M. present Berlin dilemma. the Parodi wald: "It is a rapprochement It condemns no one."
After announcing France's accep- ance of it, M. Parodi sald:
"It will behove. the Soviet re- prosentative to show whether he will ovince the same goodwill and respect for the Charter which has guided us."
VYSHINSKY'S REPLY
FUTURE OF
GERMANY
London, Oct. 25-The three Wes- tern Military Governors of Germany will consider at their next meeting due to bo held at Frankfurt on
at
no
of
24-HOUR STRIKE
other. Industries but there will be new features such
as a National Corporation to control the industry's polley and regional authorities to ensure its effective working.
of
the
of
This will be. the last full session
the Parliament before
1950 general election-Reuter,
Insurrection
At St Etienne, the storm centre of Almost Quelled
In
RESISTANCE USELESS The overwhelming show strength was thought by some ob servers to: have convinced the strikers that resistance was' useless. Moroccan troops were among the units deployed, according to
the Loire coalfield, the Communist- the Doual special correspondent of the lod unions staged a 24-hour strike
Batavia, Oct. 25-The Communist Paris
today in protest against the incidents insurrection in Indonesia has vir- Conservative paper, Le
last Friday at neighbouring Firminy.tually been quelled-little more than Monde.
Non-Communist and Catholica month after it broke out in Madiun The correspondent said he saw at unions decided to stop work for one on September 19-according to a one point "the biggest group of hour only as a sign of mourning Dutch
issued communique vehicles ever seca in the coalfield--- jeeps, light tanks, armoured cars, Department, issued a detailed com
Morin, Prefect of the Loire Batavia on Monday, lorries, field kitchens." ambulances,
The communique said: "Generally munique declaring that police and speaking organised resistance of the The correspondent added that
troops who fired on the strikers at Communist forces has come Ruberchicourt, a
of 200 group
Firminy had opened fru in and Mostly the rebels have taken strikers, stationed calmly at the en-fegitimate self-defence half an hour refuge in the mountains avoiding trange to the town, said: “The Spinte after the demonstrators themselves major fights and abandoning kirger Maris plis have been taken. The had opened fire. Mobile Guards and the Republican Security Guards tumbled down on us from lorries. There were not enough of us (b resist, but we are
the comrades up.
Wo will coon shift them."
This correspondent's pression from talks with the miners
general im-;
M.
at
(Continued on Page 5)
to an
places to the Republican Army."-- Associated Press.
Soviet Armaments Proposal Rejected By 6 Votes To 2
Paris, Oct. 25.-The United Nations sub-committee today rejected 6-2 with two abstentions the Soviet pro- posal for a one-third reduction of the Big Five arma- outlawing of atomic menta and armed forces and the
weapons,
China com- movements in a lunch-time broed- Belgium,
Mr Vyshinsky breaking his "alt October 30, a completed draft of was, however, that no serious re
for sistance need be expected down silence strike" in the Berlin the future occupation statute
STRIKES STUNNED сива for the second time during Germany, it was learned from an
quito plainly "They are still of debate, announced authoritative source today. the month
The draft is now being prepared dunned by the unending deployment that the Soviet Union was prepared
party of troops and the decision of the to exercise its rights in the Char- by a triparille working-
The source confirmed that campaign," he wrote. ter which give each great Power the Bonn
The Minister of the Interior. M. the British and American members right of vate.
the troop Britain, the United States, Brazil, in tho International atmosphere Mr Vyahiniky recalled the Soviet of the drafting team, are supporting Jules Moch, announced
and Franco permits. Union did not consider the United plans to establish German
the cast. He have no precise Higures, opposed the proposal. Russia and A last minute proposal, however, Nations had any legal right to con- Jmercial' missions abroad after
reinforcements in Poland voted for it and theby Poland prevented the sub-com- der the Berlin question in the first occupation statute comes into foroo but added that
b large numbers were azaltable near- Lebanon and Australia abstained. milice from completing the work place. Then he started paragraph and after the establishment of
by.
El Salvador, the remaining member by sending a recommendation to by paragraph to rip the proposed West German Government.
It is understood that there is no! Twenty delegates the Force of the sub-committee, was absent. the 58-member Political Committee. rezolution apart.
and Foremen's
Immediately following the rejec He accused the West of trying to question of any of the three powers Curriere, Catholic
gathered today at Bt.
The group than adopted 7-2 with
tion of the Soviet proposal an
and be. give the impression that they were agreeing to normal German di- Unions,
abroad at Ettenno in answer. to Mayor de plomatia representation rendy for the lifting of the blockado
Fralsinelle's appeal for conciliation que abstention the Belgian proposal fore the vote on the Belgium text, this stage.
admitting that no agreement Poland's Juliusz Katz-Buchy and the restoration of the Soviet
Though the draft text is expected and mediaton moves.
combining zone mark in all of Berlin simulto be ready for the Western Milf A Communist unsou reprezenta- currently possible and calling on the troduced taneously.
mission -for Convectional Dis previous Lebanese proposal. The Mr Vyshinsky got rod to the foretary Governors on Saturday: It is tive was present but sult that he Security Coucll through the Com- most of the Russian text and of the
thought likely that both they and the was without a mandate. The cop- as he progressed and pounded the three Governments concerned, rosy ferenco agreed on a ressiution to be armaments to pursue the study of final mooting of the subcommitte
was arranged for 10 a.m, on Wednes« table. Ila was reading from a type- wish to make substantial.. changes forwarded to the Loire Department disarmament to try to obtain con- written script.
before it is Anally agreed-Router. Prefect asking the Clovernment to erole results, as soon as improvement day.-United Press.
resolution