1948-10-20

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1948.

BLOCKADE OF BERLIN Wrecked By

GROWS

Soviets'

Latest Action

Berlin,

Oct. 19. The Soviets, seeking to increase the burden of the Anglo- American airlift, aro using police-manned roadblocks to prevent West Berliners from slipping into the Soviet Zona to buy food and other goods with the coveted deutschmarks, German newspapers reported today,

Der Tag and Der Abend said that since the

blocks weekend police had been erected on all strategie paints along highways, in railway stations and in country villages, In a fervent effort to halt the impor trition of food into the blockaded sectors of Berlin.

Persons caught bringing in food, the newspapers said, were belas sent to the Soviet uranium mines in Czechoslovakia.

The Taegliche Rundschau reported that now blockade measures were outlined yesterday, at a meeting of chief in Potsdam, by zonal Paul Markgraf, Moscow-trained chiế of the Sovic! sector German police.

Markgraf reportedly claimed: "On the orders of the Western powers, trucks are being sent out sys- tematically to plunder the Soviet Zone."

"FOOD FOR EVERYBODY" Commenting on the new restric- tions, the Communist Party's Neues Deutschland said there was no need for Western Berliners to attempt to buy food in the Soviet Zone, since adequate high quality food ja available for everybody" in stores in the Soviet sector.

"Those who buy In the Soviet

the sector need not face

supply dimculties of the airlift," said The

paper.

These folks examine the remains of their home flat- tened by a tornado at Pom- pano, Fla. More than ankle deep water hampered their salvaging what was left of their belongings.-AP Pic- ture.

Toyada Goes

On Trial

CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY

Tokyo, Oct. 19. Admiral Soemu Toyada, Commander in Chief of the Japanese Navy from May 1944 to May 1945, was today charged with crimes against humanity and violation of the laws and customs of

war.

Tornado

Need For Maintaining Democratic Spirit

COMMONWEALTH PREMIERS IN GENERAL AGREEMENT

London, Oct. 19.-The need for a revival and consolidation of democratic opinion in the Western Hemisphere as a means of preserving peace was agreed on by the Dominion statesmen at a four-hour meeting here today.

Ministers, The Commonwealth Prime

who last week considered measures to counter the Communist threat to democracy throughout the Near, Middle and Far East, today focused their minds on Europe's most urgent crisis-Berlin.

Chinese Banks Left With Capital Of

Less Than US$3

Nanking, Oct. 20-Can you imagine a bank... with branches all over an immense country operating on a capital of less than US$37

This 10 onc

Many such banks exist in China today. The Kin- cheng Banking Corporation-one of the largest Chinese private banks-has a capital of only GY$11.66. Another. well-known Chinese private bank-the Shanghat Commer- clal and Savings Bank-has a capital of only GY3.33. Both '. less than US$3; converted on the rate of GY$4 to US$I. The books of the 205 private unhealthy phenomena in the con- Chinese banks today show an ng-fused economy. There are far tor gregate capital of GYS13.118 or many banks in econmically-back- US$3,370. This averages US$10 forward China. The 123 private banks one bank.

existing before the war mushroomed complicated to 205 under Inflation conditions legacies left behind by the Govern- when legal banking business was ment's recently-announced currency not plentiful because of trade re- reform, which has to be cleared up. It came about this way: the banks were established at a time when

atlar was a dollar or, at least, 50 cents in purchasing value, The dollar tumbled down to three capital and thrived on speculation millionths of its onetime value and hoarding with money borrowed when the astronomical inflation set at exorbitantly high Interest, in. The banks, however, kept their cording to the government. original capitalisation Agures on the gulations were made to purge them. books as a basts for calculating United Press. dividends.

strictions and very fow people depoalted their savings in a bank.

Most of The newly-established

with Later banks started

insuficient

DOWN TO $3.33 Then, on August 10, the new Gold Yuan currency was announced and the rate of exchange fixed at CN$3,000,000 to GYSL Bank de- posits, isseto and capital ordered to be converted into the new money.

were

Thus, overnight, the banks found themselves porched precariously on a capital of only a few bucks. The Salt Industries Bank, which started with CNS10,000,000 before the war- at that time

to buy one or two

kyscrap

its capital dwindled to meagre GY$3.33.

The government chimed in, "You can't operate with so little capital. You

must Increase your capital or close down" They were given two months to make up their runds.

Regulations were announced te quiring them to hike their capital minimum of GY$1,000,000 within two months, Petitions flowed Nanking from Shanghal- China's financial nerve centre-com- plaining that the time was too short and the minimum too high

pistols and other weapons were Lieut-General Hiroshi Tamura, Every Prime Minister took part in] No information is, however, avali-000, but the deadline remained.

Der Tag wald Russian machineguns,

chicis to the police presented police alations_in_elaborate monies. The Russians said arming of the police was a measure

"to

was understood able so far from

offelal quarters

at once Chief of the Japanese Prisoners the discussion. It cere of War Bureau in Tokyo, was simi-that there was general agreement here as to whether it is endorsed

tarly charged.

on the pressing peed for maintains (by the Commonwealth delegates as They arc the Arst 20 highing and stimulating the democralic a whole-Reuter. protect the People's economy" Japanese military and political per- spirit in Europe. Dgainst Western-inspired saboteurs sonages

to be tried originally and agitators,

charges of "waging aggressive

war-

There was unanimous recognition

Der Tag reported today the arfare. The cases of the remaining that the United Nations represented Admiral Toyada, es the Japanese of mobilising, for this purpose, the 100.000 old people in the Western naval commander, was charged with active support of foreign

rival of the first transports of Red 18 are stil under investigation. the only existing instrument capable Death Bed

Cross food, which

will be given to

sector. It said old "age pensioners the responsibility for a wide range and especially of those occupying Statements By

the Red Cross during the

countries

speedy

Ocean areas. Including the sack of economie to democratic

WOS

con-

would receive a meal dally through of atrocities committed against particularly vulnerable

winter allied personnel and the civil po- the present European situation. and other persons would benent te putation in the Pacific and Indian

was accepted

ted that n lesser extent.-United Press.

recovery

Rhine Navigation Agreement

Geneva, Oct. 19.-An agreement on the Rhine navigation has been signed by the British-American bi-zone of Germany and the Netherlands and Belgium, the Economic Commission for Europe announced on Tuesday.

Under the agreement, signed after long negotiations, German barres of permitted the use of the navigable waterways of Belgium and Holland, In return, Dutch and Belgian barge use bi-zone waterways. The Commission said this represents a long step toward "complete freedom of navigation on the Rhine river."

The agreement includes not only the Rhine but the canals of Belgium and

Holland anct the Briush- American occupation zone.--ASID- ciated Press,

can

Japanese Cabinet

Manila.

was

of a deputatlon one which on September 13, 1945, after

Brauchitsch

Hamburst. in Europe.

Oct. 19.-Ex-Field The Foreign

Mr Marshal Willer Secretary,

von Brauchitsch. the Dominion one of the four gave

German reneris the Japanese surrender, went to Ernest Bevin,

criminals, assembled in plenary awaiting trinh an war the Imperial Palace to inform the leaders,

Downing Street, made certain death bed statements. Emperor that the Japanese Imperial session at No. 10, Headquarters had been formally his considered appraisal of the as yet undisclosed, before he died abolished.

His arrest was ordered by General ikely impact of Western Union in a British military hospital last

upon Commonwealth economic and night, it was learned today, other policies.

MacArthur in December 1945. Lieut-General Tamura was

said

have told Major H. S. Williams, of the Australian Army Directorate of Prisoners of war, In January

VITAL DISCUSSION

The all-day session, probably one

His death was caused by coronary thrombosis (bloodelot of the heart). Army It was learned in Khine circles that his wife, who was with

not

1040, that huge piles of documents of the most vital since the con-him at the end, is herself very 11 relating to the fate of tens of ference began, was ranging over the with heart disease, and may thousands of allled war prisoners whole field of Western world ques-recover. were burned on the orders of the tions, including the Marshal. Plan, Japanese war lords on the morning and was complementary to the Arrangements for the funeral have of August 15, 1945. The fires lasted thorough examination of the probe not yet been made, but it le assumed four days, he said.-Reuter.

lems of the Middle and Far East to that, the body will be handed over to which the Dominion leaders gave the relatives, over a whole day last week

Service Ministers and Chiefs of Staff again sat in on today's meel- Ing.

In Case Of War

Washington, Oct. 19.-The United States Air Force is completing plans to take over the nation's air lines

the event of war.

A contract is being drawn up for signature by each of the air lines which would bind them to place all their planes at the disposal of the armed services if another war should break out.

Tokyo, Oct. 20.--Two changes were announced today in the new Japanese Government of Shigeru Yoshida. Koturo Mori (Democrą tie Liberal), became Minister without Portfolio. and Sanroku Izumiyama, already Finance Minis- ter in the new Cabinet is to take over the directorship of the Economic Stabilisation Board as well-Reuter. ¡planes.-Reuter.

The main theme was the Berlin

und

blockade. The general question of Western

powers

Western Union; the Brussels Pact; Austria, Trieste, Greece and Italy were also discussed.

Von Brauchitsch was one of the four German generals awaiting trial us war criminals after being held, asð prisoner of war in Britain. The other three generpls held in Germany are Field Marshals von Rundstedt, 73, Erich von Minstein, 81, Colonel-General Adolf Strauss, They are in the hospital where von Brauchitsch died.

and 69

Particular problems affecting France were also touched upon.

Their trial for alleged war crimes Mr Bevin' Is understood to have is expected to be held in Janunry- The plan has yet to be approved placed before the conference the

Reuter. by the United States joint chiefs of United Kingdom's views on the stuff but this is regarded as a mere means of maintaining, with the formality,

1,054. support of members of the Common- The regular, air lines own

wealth, sation.

Eire Content About Effect Of Leaving Commonwealth

Dublin, Oct. 19.-The Eireann Cabinet, after sitting. for five hours, has little doubt that a satisfactory adjust- ment of the situation after the repeal of the External Relations Act will be found, it was learned hore last night.

The Cabinet, it was stated, was poses of her relations with foreign "entirely satisfied" with the report countries.

of Mr Scan McBride, the Elreann A repeal of the Act would thus Minister for External Affairs, and sover her, last formal link with the Mr Patrick McGilligan, the Finance Commonwealth. Minister, on their talks with Com- It was learned that the Elre monwealth leaders on Sunday on the proposed repeal of the Act.

the United Nations Organt- Dutch Territory

He is believed to have analysed oleo the methods of securing revival of the democratic spirit in territories where it has been under

Invaded

mined or temporarily driven under- Batavia. Oct: IP-A battalion of ground by the power of dictatorship, crack Indonesian Repubilean troops The Dominion leaders thrashed crossed the truco line into Dutch out problems of the voto being held West Java during September exercised in the United Nations and had since clashed five times when major powers do not agree, with Dutch forces, a Dutch Army There was general agreement that communique said today. · the United Nations must be made

This announcement, in an Army Although the Conference did not communique,, coincided with inde- concentrate particularly on the dis- pendent reports that subversive mantling of German industry, this activities were increasing alarm- question was considered in relation Ingly" in West Java's rich rubber to the part economic recovery will and tea plantations, Including Bri- play in Europe's democratic revival tish property...

NO INCOMPATIBILITY

to work.

The troops were said to be of the Sillwangi Division, which Cabinet was very appreciative of The Dominion leaders, it was evacuated West Java 1st February the part played in Sunday's discus-understood, saw no incompatibility board the American hip, Renville.

under the agreement signed: slona by Mr Attleo, Dr Herbert between Western Union In Europe The Elre Government appeared valt, the Australian Minister for and the interests of the Common- 'satisfied, it was understood in poll-

St wealth group,

The Dutch communique sald the Indonesians tical circles, that nothing which was External Affairs, Mr Louis

suffered lossex In Minister of Laurent, acting Prime contemplated on the Irish side need Cantida, and Mr.Peter Fraser, Prime according to a usually well informed troops were taking the necessary One issue of foreign policy which, material and men and the Dutch disturb "Imperial Preference."

source, has already been discussed measures to end the activities of The Government took the view lister of New Zealand.

that in Conference quarters is the Ameri- the remnants of the battalion.. far as citizenship rights

opinion today was were concerned, Englishmen In Eire Sunday's conference has "cleared can proposal that the Antarctic for-

Another Dutch Army statement or Irishmen in Britain or any the air. The Irish Cabinet la con- zitories should be placed under an Commonwealth country need have vinced, it was understood, that the eight-nation

ing the 2Barties.

Communist guerillas: no fears that their positions would removal of the External Reintions forest rates condominium of in-sald that Republican forces fight- are British Central Java had evacuated three be made difficult or that any ques- Act would be of advantage to all. The territorica tion of deportation would arise. parties, and especially to Britain,

but they

are also claimed small towns south of Surakarta. The External Relations Act, Eire, it was shid, would be a by Argentina and Chite. The Surakarta is not far from Madiun, passed in 1030, provides for the good Commonwealth

by Elre-virtually indepen the factual wealth co-operator in British Covernment is believed to external, sense-- be giving sympathetic' conalderation

to the principle of the proposal.:

that so

,use

dent of the British Crown for pur-Reuter.

colonies

former Communist stronghold re- cently, recaptured by Republican Government" troops-Reuter.

Tho government latened

sym- pathetically and made one concession. The minimum was cut to GY$500,-

TOO MANY BANKS Even with the reduction, many banks have difficulty in collecting the required money and are expected to close shop,

You may think the government a little too harsh, but its policy was decided upon to reelify one of the

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DEATH

KWAN.-C. 1. Kwan, dearly beloved father of W. 11. Kwan, passed away at 10 a.m. 19th October, 1040 at 115, Waldfloo Road, Kowloontong. Funeral service will be held at 5 pm on Thursday,

this 31st Detober Christian Cemetery, Grampian Road. Kowloon City.

MISCELLANEOUS

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