THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1048.
BRITISH WHITE PAPER ON
SOVIET
INTRANSIGENCE
Western
Rights Of
Powers In Berlin
London, Oct. 11.-Britain today blamed "Soviet intransigence" for the breakdown of four-power con- trol in German and the Berlin crisis. In a 67-page, 35,000-word White Paper issued by the Foreign "The Office, the British Government declared: present situation in Berlin is the result of the failure of the four powers, owing to Soviet intransigence, to agree to a common policy for Germany."
The White Paper charged that the Russians' intransigent attitude had been shown "in breaches by the Soviet Government of the political and econo- mic principles laid down at Potsdam."
"The Soviet Government has withdrawn its representa- tives from the Allied Control Council for Germany in Berlin and from the Berlin City Kommandatura. It was unilaterally declared that the Governments of the United Kingdom, the United States and France have forfeited their right to be in Berlin or to take part in the four-power occupation and adrainistration of the city."
Graziani Defends His Honour
Still A Conquering General
Rome, Oct. 11-Fascism's of Africa," one time "Lion former Marshal Rodolfo Graziani, declared at his
trial
The culmination of the Soviet attitude of obstruction and in- transigence has been the blockade of Berlin," the White Paper sald,
This has not only endangered the mulatenance of the forces of
occupation of the United Kingdom,
the
United States and France In
Marriage
Ninety-One
At
George W. Scars, 91, who describes himself as "an old men, hut a good one," and Mrs Martha Williams, 72, who
from Oakland,
is no fortune 'hunter," apply for a marriage licence at Los Angeles, Cal. Mrs Williams, who is Cal, met her prospective groom through an ad she placed.
AP picture. in an old age pension magazine.
NO WAR IN
herin, but has also jeopardised the NEAR FUTURE
dlacharge by these Governments
of their duties as occupying authori-
lies through the threat of staren
Lion, disease and economie ruin for
the population of Berlin.
-TRYGVE LIE
Trygve
Paris,. Oct. 11-Mr
"It is in these circumstances that Lle. the United Nations
been to
Secretary-General, said
the Western powers have fereed to establish the airlift supply food and fuel to the Western that he was convinced
would be no war "within acetors."
foreseeable future."
RUSSIA'S INTENTIONS
The result of the Moscow-Berlin discussions of August and Septem- for collaboration with ber, the White Paper said, "has
that
the it clear Germans in Rome on Monday been to make
has no inter- Soviel Government
ав
that "I have always marched ton of reaching on agreement save a soldier I would march on its own terms, the acceptance of even for a Communist Govern- which would have meant the Im-
mediate or progressive ment."
western sectora of the
the
today there the
"It is always possible in theory for great powers to stumble into a conflict which would lead to a third world war, he sld in a written reply to a United States newspaper. "If the peoples of the world
modicum exhibit a
of good sense and exercise the
ingat elementary instincts of self preservation it will never happen."
absorption of Berlin economy within the Soviet Zone und the whittling away of
He had been asked: and rights and obligations of the Wes- to a point tern occupying powers al which the whole city of Berlin was under exclusive Soviet duinine-
He made this statement in a long rambling review of his life career which he read from the dock.
The
il ton
irst session of awaited trial ended with a brief but in his enthusiastic demonstration favour by spectators packing
the 17 little public spner
courtroom chosen
the
for his trial at
the Rome Palace of Justice,
Graziani repentedly action on the grounds regulation and duty,
17
"How great is the danger of another world war and how can it best be prevented?"
the
JILY
WHY HE'S OPTIMISTIC "The right of the United King-
"My
regarding optimism dom. the United States and France
immediate future is based on ant to be in Berlin is absolute unqualified. The European Advisory conviction that no reponsible states- war and that all which man today wants
those who are in positions of res- will do everything to
Council
from agreement, this right derives, is completely in- excused his
dependent
of the Yalta and Pots-ponsibility
avert it. of military
And the
the agree "A soldier dam agreements
an control machinery." anent an does not mix in politics." he said.
Denying the Soviet allegation that the Western
His statement was interrupled by
a recess until Tuesday.
INTERRUPTS COURT
protection "The one permanent which we have against another
the Yeltu. Pacmann dat infringed world-war, not only-now.. but..
true,
and control ma-
-at! any time u the future, is the free
of the
Montgomery's Chief Of Staff
London, Oct. 11.-The War Office today announced the appointment of Briga- dier R. F. K. Belchem as Chief of Staff to the Chair- man of the Western Union. Commander-in-Chief
Committee.
in
He will have the tem- of Major- porary 'rank General.
Brigadier Belchem, who is 37, is a qualified inter- preter in Russian, Italian and French. Until recently in charge of operations and training in the British Army on the Rhine, he had a dis- finguished career in World War 11. He served from 1936 until 1939 in Pales- tine and Egypt,-Reuter.
inspections Of Colonies
Latest Soviet Demand
chinery agreements, the White Paper open democratic assembly said that even if the allegations were nations which we possess today in
it could have no bearing on the United Nations, Throughout the morning, the judge their juridical right to participate and Graziani's Inwyers had trouble in the four-power occupation and
"As long as the nations of the of Berlin.
world remain banded together in the
Germany, power control of
ciples of the charter, there White Paper said: "The main point rower or group of powers which of livergence between Soviet policy stili dare to defy and that of the other Allies was the will."Keuter. question of the economic unity of Germany."
in getting him to drop the manners control of De breakdown of four- United Nations, loyal to the prin bloc today demanded the United | of a conquering general and con- Tracing the
form to the behaviour of a pri- SONCT.
He repeatedly interrupted speeches by the judge, the prosecu tor and his own three lawyers, will explain that he shouted as the prosecutor read particulars of the charge. against him.
In his statement Graziani ssserted "the fact is that we are now asking
the
SABOTAGING RECOVERY Condemning the Soviet refusal to participate in the European Recovery Paper said for our Afrlean colonics to be re-Programme, the White turned to us. If I had not con that in the light of this attitude, quered them we could not ask for it became them back."
is no
their common
YWCA Directors Arrested
11.-Two
to
a
clear that the Sovici the control claim to participate in of the Ruhr was, in fact,
allowed be recovery of
to
Europe #
Oci. Irague, dirtelors of the
Association
He blamed his eventual failure
against the British in North Africa recovers Wester
ንዝ the political intrigues of "Colonel X".
a claim
the Christian
weines
Paris, Oct. 11.-The Soviet
Nations
inspections of the colonies and protested the Western Powers planned to use Africa as a war base,
Russia's A. 1. Galagan introduced a resolution asking a yearly United Nations Inspection of lerritories. He also asked the ruling powers to sub- mit to political information about the United Nations. their colonics
Women's Young
la
The charter obliges the adminis- Pruguetering powers to submit Information have been detained by police since only on social, economic and eduen- Regarding the six-power London at Thursday night on charges that lonal conditions. decision to establish a
pamphlets all-government
A responsible This, man, Graziani said, turned Tome nrainst him.
He called his arrest n horrible insult to the soldiers of the North who had fought in honour for the country.-Associated Press.
were
that neither
S. African
Industry's
's Complex Problems
STRIKES, DEADLOCKS AND NEW
WAGE AGREEMENTS
Port Elizabeth, Oct. 11.-South African in- dustry faces three complex problems. One is the drastic modification by the Malan Cabinet of the immigration policy inaugurated by the Smuts government, the second is how the programme of "apartheid" or the segregation of the races is to be applied in industry and the third, and by far the most immediate pressing problem, is the obvious signs of industrial unrest due to the rising cost of living.
Throughout the country the Department of Labour is dealing with strikes, deadlocks in collective bargaining and requests for new wage agreements and determina- tions. Tens of thousands of workers. European, coloured and African, are involved. The most serious threat is that of the gold miners whose devances have been re- ferred to a commission under the chairmanship of Dr H. J. Van Eek, who is also chairman of the Industrial Deve lopment Corporation.
There
are
deadlocks
the plais I
engineering industry, the electrical industry, in motor assembly, in tex- Ule and sweet manufacturing and in Reports from municipal service. many centres reveal the deep con- cern of industrialists over the dc-
Despite all that has been said in Parliament on the apartheid lasue, a survey of prominent industrialists here indicates that this policy of segregation and separation is likely to have its first big test in the in- dustrially expanding city of Port Elizabeth. There is an acute ahor- tage of European Inbour, particularly semi-skilled. This has led to per sistent suggestions that non-Euro- peans should now be employed in Jobs hitherto held to be the close preserves of the Whites.
assurances were
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ni Icast 1.000 require respect to the registration to trade factories unions for Africans.
artisans who cannot be obtained in the one centre this country. In engineering trade requires 100 men locally procurable. Ori the not
of highly-skilled inportation
employment
of artisans depends the
the large numbers of Eurobeans and unskilled non-Europeans in and semi-skilled categorics. One now being built in Port factory Elizabeth
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trained workers, Fears inany firms, plus other major enter- prises starting within the next four are that until mure immigrants ar to five months, mean a shortage of rive, the shortage of labour will be- better. United about 3,000 European workers become tween the ages of 10 and 45, stream of semi-skilled white labour from the country to the towns is now a mere trickle-for 40 or 50 or three Jobs there are now two applicants.
SHORTAGE OF WORKERS
or hastily
or
The Press.
Aptitude tests hove opened avenues of employment for women In some factories. In others coloured workers have been tried. Two. new factories here are to employ Atri- cons exclusively.
The modified scheme of immigra- tion is considered to mean a res-) tricted flow of skilled technicians to South African factories at a time when skilled staff are urgently re- quired. For example, Port Elizabeth's
has working population
recently increased by some 20,000 but this skilled haa not included technicians. immediate expansion
Many
EXHIBITION OF PAINTINGS
By members of the Hongkong Artists' Guild ST. JOHN'S CATHEDRAL HALL
OCT. 14 OCT. 15 OCT. 16 10 a.m.-6. p.m. To be opened by Lady Grantham
3-6 p.m. 10a.m.-6 p.m.
Organised by the Women's Auxiliary of the Hongkong Soclety for the Protection of Children
Admlosion: Adulta
Children
Africa must supply bases and men for the Western Union.
SHOWING
.TO-DAY
Poland's Thaddeus Zobrowski satd West German Government and Interfound in the Association's reading that the current African conference
teps taken steps
to implement
It it, the
room in Central Prague, was in London is being conducted in accument said: "These steps do not teamed today,
"secrecy" which makes us suspect it the creation preclude
four- re
by
is not for the stated purpose of im- amelals of the YWCA declined to power agreement of a Government
discuss the situation. The Minister Proving living and educational con- the whole of Germany.
ditions." Indeed, in the face of the policies of Information said
pursued
by the Soviet the Security Polico nor the Ministry He quoted a London Timea edl- of Interior would confirm the re-torial of October 3, to the fact that Government in Germany, they con- stitute the most hopeful and pre-port last night.
course which can be taken
The women aro Mrs Hana Fran- political life on a tree and Lova, the General Director, and Mrs. has been the in selling Marijauns to swing fans, responsible basis and the. recon Vincencova, who according to Robert Artis, the sulution of Germany as a member Irague Director.
of European The YWCA was nationalised lart, Fetteral Narcoties Bureau district of the
March-Associated Press. chief-Reuter..
#1
DRUG PEDDLING
arrested during the
Chiengo. Oct. 11-Five
men,rds the reconstruction of Ger-
week-end on
drug peddling charges, specialised
Abandonment
New York, Oct. 11.-Senator' Arthur Vandenberg, the Repub. lican Chairman of the Senate
the
community
|utions"-Reuter.
Of Truman Plan Described
As "A Narrow Escape'
All Africa is being treated "as a reservoir for cheap raw materials," the Russian charged.
The Polish delegate said that the recent revolts in South-East Asia were the expression of desire for Independence and "not fifth colump ns charged by the spokesmen of the Colonial Omce."United Press.
Protection For Eloping Couples
in
Istanbul, Oct. 11-Eloping cou-
ples in Intanbul now have officiul priorities at the marriage bureaus
ексаро order to
pursuing parents, a priority order was issued after several couples complained they had to stand in line so long
Foreign Relations Committee, after the "complete Soviet reversal" bomb... would reduce the man the Berlin Control Couneli, who undertook such a mission and has described President Truether direct discussion, became a the man who sent him to equal ab-| man's abandoned plan to send transparent futility in the presence surdity."
The New York Times said: "This Chief Justice Vinson to Moscow of this tricky, provocative and irai-
dlous Soviet run-nrouud.
proposal was a major blunder. Ra "a nurrrow escape."
it might well have wrecked the "We didn't resort to force as might solidarity of the Western Powera. Speaking here last night, Senator left his prepared text to over-easily have been our recourse undermined the western case before state: "Now that we have gone to in other days.
the Security Council, and, in by the United Nations we must intelll- "We have resorted to organised passing the United Nations in gently avoid any unilateral indepenreason and the conscience of human case airendy pending before at the marriage bureaus the bride's
slap dent notion on our own
nt its parents managed to catch up with account kind In the United Nations forum. would have been
the bride away them and snatch Soviets cannot ignore thin authority." confuse our friendly sano- lest wo
#4: The
The Now York Dally Mirror: "It before the ceremonies could be per- elates, cramp the Security Council forum": and encourage
New York newspapers today de-a little frightening to know he formed... opponents to
space to com- had carried
so far and In it think that our appeal to the United voted considerable
Sympathetic city officials have Nations is either timid or insincere.ment mostly unfavourable -- on secrecy.
oli ordered, that
eloping The New York Star: "It may not now must say that we have just had President Truman's Vinson plan.
of
Η ΠΑΠΟΥ
Tow escape upon this score at
Republican Herald-Tribune have been a bad idea. No honest couples must be married ahead
both parties Washington."
said: "To deal in so amateurish and min can say, on the basis of the fall others. provided
a fashion with the partial and weighted information are of legal age and the bride is melodramatic
the atomleiteuter,
| willing.—United Press. problem of controlling
our
Again deparing from his prepared text, Senator Vandenborg said that
T10
$1
worse,
nat
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