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VOL III NO. 170
New Chief Of Staff Før Far East Land Forces
London, July 20.-Brigadier M. Kirkman, former chief of staff for Palestine and Transjordan, has been appointed chief of staff for the Far East land forces at Singapore, the War Office announced tonight.
Brigadier Kirkman, who will hold the temporary rank of Major-General in his new assignment, will succeed Major-General H. Redman, who will become Director of military operations for, the War Office.
Brigadier Kirkman is 50 years old.
Western front in World War 1.
He served on the
日本が
He was Deputy Director of Military Intelligence at the War Office from jánuary, 1942 to May, 1944.".
In April 1945 he landed in Greece with the British liberation army. He was appointed to the Palestine Transjordan post in May, 1947 and held it until the recent withdrawal of British from the Area,--Associated Press.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 21, 1948.
NEW APPROACH TO RUSSIA BY
WESTERN POWERS
Aim Is To Bring About Four-Power Talks
MR BEVIN'S MEMORANDUM
London, July 20-A broad new approach to Russla by the three Western powers, leading up to four-power talks on Germany, has been agreed on by the five Western Union powers meeting at The Hague, it was understood today. The policy is subject to confirmation by the United States and Military Govern- ment authorities in Berlin.
Spitfires Again Sweep Into Action Against Malayan Insurgents
Singapore, July 20-Royal Air Force Spitfires and Dakotas swept into action at Malayan trouble centres today, shooting up insurgents and dropping troop reinforcements, arms and ammunition to anti-guerilla columnș în various parts of the peninsula.
Rocket-firing Spitfires made day-long attacks against guerillas in the Gua Musang area, Kelantan State, where n British major and six Malay soldiers were killed in an ambush yesterday.
State Control
In Ceylon
each time the aircraft dow over the ambushers stopped firing to avoid betraying their positions.
A six-hour battle followed the surprise attack on a strong troop and police column driving in trucks to reinforce Gua Musang, where n Further reinforcements were being police station was raided by 300 in- sent today and the Royal Air Force surgents on Saturday.
assisting
in the operations. WAS The British major, who was in The Astate Inspector mid 14 command, was killed almost los- Malay coretables captured in the Columbo, July 20-The Ceylon mediately. It was believed the other Gua Musang police station rald Government plans to nationalise occupants of his Jeep, which was word released unharmed today. "certain basic Industries such as leading the convoy, were also killed. It was believed in Singapore that
steel and cement, Mr J. R. Besides the killed, four Malay the Chinese guerillas freed them Jayawardene, Minister of Finance, soldiers word wounded before tho a propaganda gesture, telling their
column could escape, the trap.
prisoners they were not fighting In his first "Dominion". budget The ambush took place 15 miles Malays but only the British. speech since Britain handed over from Gua Musang, when the force. GUERILLAS WITHDRAWN power last February, he told the Int a line of
was passing Sucks,
The guerillas were today reported a cufting on an through
old railway
sald tonight.
Government would welcome private
The military bonds between the Western Allies grew tighter today as authoritative Washington sources disclosed that the United States and Canada' had decided to join Western Europe in common defence planning.
The reported North American decision to join the Western Union Military Committes follows a fort. night's --talks-in - Washington between European, American, and Canadian representatives.
At The Hague, the five Western Union Foreign Minis- ters wound up their two-day conference today. The Foreign Ministers this morning discussed a new approach to Moscow on the Berlin crisis, paving the way for Big Four talks, Hague observers belloved. They met again this afternoon before returning to their capitals tonight..
The
Foreign Ministers were | Ambassadors, Mr Gladweyn Jebb, thought to have agreed on the next the Chairman of the Western Union step in Berlin during two and a Permanent Commission, and Dr S. half hours' restricted session this Busmann, of Holland, the Secretary
Genorol. Reuter. morning.
BIDAULT'S PROPOSAL
Mr Ernest Bevin, the Foreign
The Hague, July 20-The French Secretary, will leave. The Hague by Forelm Minister, M. Georges sex tonight for London, while M. Bidault, tonight formally probased Georges Bidault, the French Tostign the extension of the five-nation Minister, filos back to Paris this Western Union pact Into a Federal evening.
Parliament of all Europe,-which Another major topic discussed by presumably, would include Russin. the Foreign Ministers during their It was an informal invitation' to two-day session in their capacity as the Soviet Union Western Europe to abandon the the Western Union Consultative cold war and join Council was joint defence planning in a Continental union.
House of Representatives that the rack. The major was killed almost/ to have withdrawn and reached the with the Untied States and Canada.). The British Foreign Capital, both local and foreign, in accutely, while the ather four village of Bertam, 35 miles to the
non-bable industries provided the most modern methods were used in development
He deplored, however, that 90 per- cent of Ceylon's trade was in the hands of foreigners, and said the Commerce Ministry was seeking to back. bring it back into Ceylonese,
north..
}
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At the
For
P.G.
Reservations
Tel::27880
Prico 20 Cents
Prélude To Death
Two policemen grapple with man in the union bus ferminal in Norfolk, Va., -shortly before one of them shot him to death. Patrolman J. P. Bordeaux (left) strikes at the head of the man while Patrolman M. D. Edwards grasps him from behind. Three blows, to
the head, falled to stop, Howell, who – jerked - loose. Edwards then shot him fatally. Edwards quoted-the man as saying, “you'll have to kill me first” when told to put down ä knife,- AP Picture.
►
France Seeking New Premier
*
New Sovlet Restriction
Berlin, July 10--The Bus- Islans, for the first timo,, today 1,demanded Soviet visas before allowing American Vehicles
The Soviets had announced this regulation two weeks aED, but, today was the first time they enforced it. They have not set announced where Soviet visas are avaliable,
American officials said that American cars leaving Berlin today were allowed to cress in- to the Soviet Zone but were not allowed ›
at the Helmstedt end because they carried, novima, « They were forced to return to Berlin. United Press.
out
proposed today
Parts, July 20.-Communists leaving Berlin to cross the
that their leader, Maurice Thorez, be de- Secretary
signated the new French Pre-| The decision that United States (Mr Ernest Bevin) and the Belgian
to hend and Canada observers will attend all Foreign Minister
(M. Paul Henri mier
D Coalition of his jeep, which led the
The military authorities reported future meetings of tho Western column, were also killed.
today that two British artillerymen Unions Military Committee in Spaak), although agreeing with the Government of Socialists and
proposal in principle, Immediately Communists. Drains running along both sides of the track provided the only cover mite desced at Tampin, about 30 don was interpreted in diplomatic rejected it as-impracticable und
miles south of Kuala Lumpur, quarters tonight to mean that the proposed that such dreams be left M. Therez, was the first majority for the party and from two of these driving off in Jeep and taking Sten rumoured North Atlantic defence to unofficial organisations.
party leader to call on. President ditches the troops and police fought guns.
bloc is now in being and that the Thus the five-nation conference Vincent Auriol, who is searching for Two terrorists today shot dead a Western Union powers aro now of the Brussels pact ended on a new Premier. France's middle of the hands of Two other Malay soldiers were Chinese schoolmaster in broad day assured of substantial transatlantic sour note, despite the fact that the the road Government, headed by
killed and others wounded during light eight miles south of Kuala military aid.
official communique said the five Robert Schuman, toppled last night After Agricultural and industrial deve- the fighting.
a aix-hour Lumpur. They fired over the heads
nations were "completely as one" after a dispute over the Army's lopment would be undertaken on a battle, the combined force was able of children as the teacher, a Kuomin
NO RETRACTION
in their attitude to all problems budget. wide scale to bring about A moro to withdraw.
tang supporter, tried to flee.
discussed, including their polley There was no immediate prospect balanced economy, the Finance Spitfires provided air cover during
A "mystery" girl was among 20 The Hague discussions and the
of M. Thorez being invited to share Minister said.Router.
the action, but an official report sald Chinese arrested for taking part in closer military links between Wes- toward Germany.
M. Bidauli made his sensational in the Government. He called on the attack on the Batu Arang coal tern Europe and the North American mine, near the Federal capital, on continent have today prepared a firm proposal at the close of the meeting President Auriol Brst because the July 12. Sho is alleged to have basis from which the British, French of Foreign Ministers here and only Communist Party has the largest re- walked into a rallway station and aud United States Governments can a few hours after his own Govern-presentation in the National Assem- represented in picked up first-aid kit after the reply to the Soviet refusal to lift the ment in Paris had fallen over the bly. They were not
Berlin Blockado.
question of increased military de-the last Cabinet. Communist-led Australian
not thought the new approach ferice appropriations.
Following Thorez was Andre Colin, The conference was cut short a Secretary General of the Popula Seame's Union will boycott any to
Kussin' will involve n' retraction move to send arms to Malays from of few hours to allow M. Bidault to Republic (MRP) Group. M. Schu- Australia, Mr E. V. Elliot, the Federal Soviet blockade of Berlin as a pre rush back to Paris by plane to man is a member of the MRP and believed he will be called upon Secretary of the Union, announced condition to new negotiations, but participate in the political crisis.
M. Bidault did not deßne speel- to form a In Sydney) —Router,
a new Cabinet. rather that an attempt will be made
all of Socialists also called upon Presi- broaden the
to what he meant by
meant to dent Auriol, They, like the MRP, word brace as many outstanding differ-Europa" or whether- ences as possible.
Include the Soviet Union. How-represented in the Schuman Cabinet, ever, he did not euminate, Russia Guy Mollet, Charles Lussy and Alex
(Continued on Fage 5). from his proposal
EDITORIAL
•A
..
Problem Of Restrictions
BIONG the postwar factors which are today holding back world the full expansion of trade, import, and simullar restric- noticeable tions are exerting a influence. In most parts of the globe. In many countries they are comparatively minor matters in comparison with shortages of raw materials, labour, forelan exchange, capital' equipment and the pressing need of reaching a balance on national and overseas. accounts... But they are factors which, although fan
familiar before 1939; have grown much more
Important because of postwar
economis dimeulles.
and
fore,
Hellish
trade
maintain their goodwill, At present this scheme allows 20 of percent of the prewar value "token" goods on the ilst. Despite the increasing difficulties of the altuation this scheme, has been adhered to even though it the importation of many
If
means things which are non-essential. Mors- over Britain has been striving for. the closest possible harmony in mutual trade discussions, for there is a spirit of give and take it is much easier for countries to work together towards the oven- tital roal of free multilateral trade which is the ideal. Under present conditions that cannot ba obtained, but at least slap-dash methods of snitling trade: prob- lems can be avoided. This is one reason why Britain is now taking non-essentials from a number of
a
poller and attitude regarding them factors are not Without significance. So far as Britain is concerned she has her own light import restrictions, and
Without them the fight for equilibrium on a seriously overbalanced
financial account would be hopeicly o
fost Br
Britain is, there- aposition fully lo the-like problems of which other countries some of have even greater utmenities to overcome. But while Britain, for self protection, has been forced to effect a number of import realrle- tions which naturally have tended to interfere · with her trade, constantly, as witness fits recent trade pacis, tas ahe striving hard to raise the volume.
mutual ··trado
they will not wherever of
and that there is sền possible. Additionally her Import been changing to meet polley has been varying needs and situations
can adviemble to where 11 has been reance restrictions they have been reguced, and vice versa. And so that foreign supplies of branded goods and special produbla
countries. In return sho feels entliled to export to them Jess essential firitisli goods, in parilen- Iar those that Are olther made by semi-key industries or include small proportion of Imported raw materials in their value. On the other side of the pletare it is natural that Britain should expect a similar broad and reasonable approach by other countries to her problems. There Imli to which she can allow unrequited exports to rise and. a favourable With
countries
Overseas
been
ambls would not loss the connections which they had hailt up in better umes, Britain led the world in introdpo ing. a token importi scheme which has helped foreign firma, to
the
particular
the
must have.
assurance that
become
wome
Similarly, she cannot enter into baricring, negotiations which' sell her own precious capital
and engineering, Food, only in return for large quantities of non- essentials; In short, there must be * für balance between essential and bon-casential Imporis, Il' is a problemi which aniliola practionï» ly every country in the world today..
prospect of eventual... VASZE
Ship's Officer
Attacked
Mr Bevin tabled a long paper on the Berlin situation at yesterday's session of the Western Union. Con- sultative Council, it was learned. The paper, divided into background and proposals for future policy, is believed to have met with a friend- ly reception from the other. four Foreign Ministers.
In a communique issued after
the five meeting. voyage to Sierra Leone, radioed, this today's
"The Council has message to Reuter today after re- Ministers sald: ports of a marline-spike attack on had a broad exchange of views on Chief Officer G., Hammill of South a number of international problems, Shields, by the Chinese crew: including that of Germany.
London, July 20-Captain Scott, master of the 5,180-ton British freighter, Hellenic Trader, six days out from Middlesbrough
Д
TWO RESOLUTIONS M. Bidault submisted two formal resolutions at the close of today's last meeting:
1. "To create a European aş- sembly on which would be repre sented, in addition to our 'Parlia ments, those of other States which
Foreign HUWIS arme
SS Hellenic Trader (by radio); This exchange made it clear that July 20-The position on board is the Ministers were completely at now quiet.
I have had a talk with one in their attitude towards these the Chinese crew leader, but I am problems..
not
quite satisfied with the result. "No deviation will be 'mado 'from
the intended voyore to.
to West Africa
for
FIRM_RESOLVE
vast and great
This
2. To create among the dive Brus- cele racts, countries an economic and customs.
ms union which would be extended , 20 pl other European nations desirous of joining.
Me Bavin and M. Spank threw large doses of cold water-in 窳 di-
both plomatic wayon
M poll Bidault's they had no objection in
either propomi,
but Mr Bovin sold that for the time being it would bobetter if such plans were
proposals, They politely a
The Ministers expressed their ore! The Chief Omeer's wound bled firm resolve to consolidate and ex-to for 12
Is now all right, tend the co-operation of the five in hougs, but ho and there is no cause for alarm. He all fields covered by the Brussels Including the economic and the crew mada reports, that when
"In accord with other like-minded their nations were of a crazed naturo, States, the five Covenuments have were tucked away, in a pigeonhole-
the further decided to do everything supporting the rumour
the attack in the forward wall dock.nancial Gelds."
that
leader is an oplum smoker.
left to the private initiative, of unomcial bodies who have shown an Interest in such Ideas."
Therefore, the Bidault resolutions
spoke about this to the leader. possible in order to defend their United Prest.
Independence... their integrity and
Ha admits smoking in the post out their insita the meeting made says he dous not smoke now, harb
ja a small element of the bad-type I manitschern!.. the iceting
Chinese aboard."--Reuter
MINE EXPLOSION
Ferry Boat Sinks
THE
the determination of all
to work tozother within. concerned to the framewations towards the
of the Charter of In River the United
New Delhi, July 20-One hundred greatest possible
of unity sible measure
hence to among themselves and
and twenty-five persons are believed the treaty to have been, drowned when a ferry. transform the principles of McCurtain, Oklahoma, July, 20-signed by the five powers last boat sank in the river Ganges"neur. One mizer, was killed and another March into a living reality.
lity Allahabad, in the United Provinces, halssing when an explosion and fre
The visiting Miniiters / wars. thai yesterday, according ·
Tin reports swept the Lone Star Coal mine here guests at-lunch today of Baron Van
here tonight. The vessel, Benvedés Böetzelaar. Vün:; Desterhout," thọ | which was carrying workers," cap. Nineteen others escaped safely- Dutch Foreign Ministers, They werd sized three miles from the confluence Associated Press.
necompanied by their respective of the Júrtha and Gangen---Reuter.
many
-Smuggled Rubber
Shoes Seized
⚫ Manila, July. 21-The Commis aloner of Customs has ordered the containing earthenware which ar seizure of 120 baskets manifested as
rived July. 17 eboard the as. Viviia from Hongkong following the dis- covery of rubber shoes in some of the baskets, ****
Any attempt to smuggle in rubber shoca is a violation of the anti- dumping act,
The baskets were consigned to a Manila 'Chinese 'firm-United Press.
Pyeris
15 BACH AGAIN
Que
priaticvbb
25
ROACENTS
A little learning is a dangerous thing; Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian Spring, There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain, And drinking largely sobers us again.
1- Pope -