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Thongkong Telegraph &
VOL. III NO. 40
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1948.
China Aid: Truman
Asks Congress T.U.C. To Approve
Support For Govt.
London. Feb. 48.--The Trades Union Congress tonight nécept- et the Government's plan for "freezing" wages
on condition that the Government "pursues vigorously and firmly a poljey defined not only to stabilise but to reduce profits and prices,”
That the Congress atro dreideri that it in col practicable to propose that unions should actually within all wage rtains that have already been tabled or are th subject of
current negotiations."
Claims for increases ore, now br-į ing pressed by affiliated untons re-
the TUCS! presenting 4,000,000 of membership of 7,500,000.
PRINCIPLES FOR CLAIMS
be
Washington, Feb. 18.-President Truman today asked the United States Congress to approve the $570,000,000 programme of aid to China to assist the Nanking Government.
President Truman proposed that $510,000,000 be used to maintam essential Chinese Imports until June 30, 1949-cereals, cotton, petroleum, fertiliser, tobacco, medicinals, coal and repair parts,
President Truman asked for the.approval of the programme to help the Chinese Central Government to bear the double burden of "civil war and the rapidly deteriorating economy."
An additional $60,000,000 would "With this end in view, we have
apent on 4 *few relected - re- [supported the National Government The of China sauce it first came to power construction projects," mazel s
I essential transport 20 years ago”. restoration facilities, turt and power operations) The President recalled that since
V-J G export Jodustries
Day, the United States hnd "This work could be undertaken in | given the Chinese Government much | areas sheltered from military opera- help in re-occupying Japanere-held lions and could help in improving areas. In supplying large quantities |
es-of surplus goods and equipment and the apply and distribution of zentral commodities,"
in contributing a major share of President Truman suggested that eller to China.
"Nevertheless, the Chinese Gov- the Chun programme be administer- The Conitress wareed to recome by the same government agency
ernment and people are still inbour- mend to its 187 affiliated unions that which will run the Europan recovery in under
the double and inter- related burden of civil war and a their executives examine all claims
programine and likened this new in the light of the following prin project to the Marshall Plan princi-apidly deteriorating economy," he
"That the ciples:
of principles the
le of "helping people to help them said. Government's statement
placed upon the
wage mov
was
to ASSURANCES REQUIRED country by eight years of war and the traile
movement to the To bie
ile urged that the programine beJapanese occupation and blockade extent fluat they recognise the neces-
of retaining
made subject to an agreement be- unimpaired system of collective bargaining and tween China and the United States, struction efforts should be
conditions free negotiation; admit the justifien setting forth the
old, procedure for administering Ilon of
for
increased
wages The
agreement should - include as- where those claims are based an in-
surances that the Chinese will take nece such eco creased output: admit the necessity
economic, financial and other of adjusting the wages of workers measures as are practicable, looking! whose Incomes are below n renson-
the ultimate Cont lowards
** stability and recovery,"
cinims
un
tol selves."
able standard of subsistence; and affirm that it is,
It is in the material in-conomic
he said. terest to establish standards of
WoKes
"The undermanned conditions and essential industries Lp attract sufficient manpower."
The TUC is calling a conference of trade union executives for March 24 to consider its report on the econo mie plight of Britain.--Reuter.
MURDERED ̄P.C:
MAN CHARGED
The
strains
have been increased by internal el strife at the very time that recon-
and
of
WHY.
mutke
on:
under
ECONOMIC DETERIORATION
The President went
"The continued deterioration of the Chinese economy is a source of deep, concern to the United States," and added that civil war had also haltext
forcing recovery hy
the States would, of Government United
expendi- course, reserve the right to terminate tures far in excess of its revenues.
that the a[kl if it is determined
"Continual issuances of enrrency is not being te
have assistance provided
meet these expenditures handled in accordance with agree=| produced drastic fitlation, with its ments or that the policies of the attendant disruption of normal com- Chinese Government are inconsistent mercial operations. with the cbjective of using aid to
elp achieve
self-supporting help economy."
the President said. Pointing-to-the-Jong friendship that had existed between the two countries and the deep respect of the American people for the Chinese they had suf- people and the
rinla
London, Feb. 18-Twenty-three-fered, Mr Truman said: year-old Donald Thomas, focated in The United States has long re- of the the importance London boarding house restering cognised after an Intensive live-day man Chinese nation to lasting peace in hunt, was today charged with the the Pacife and the entire world."
The murder of Police Constable Nathanie
vast size and population Edgar who was shot dead in a Lon-of China make her an important China is IL don suburb last Friday night while factor in world affairs.
anti-burglar
land with a rich tradition and cul- patrol.
un an
Mrs Noreen Winkless, whose picture and a large and energetic fure in newspapers, led the police population.
shc
to the boarding houre where
"It has always been our desire 10 and Thomas were found together, see a strong progressive China mak
released after questioning ing a full contribution to the strength Reuter,
of the family of nations.
EDITORIAL
Gagging The Press
HONGKONG'S Caurts
to
too
негур
are in- tended to fulfil a variety of functions designed to safeguard the community, but unfortunately methods of procedure are
which frequently adopted only to discredit the integrity of the Courts and to undermine public confidence in them. There Bave been Two examples this week, both calling for stron protest. In both cases the Police. assisted by the magistrate, en- deavoured
Press by eavoured
to go thr holding ordinary remand hearings and by refusing to In' camera divulge the name of two defen- dants--both Europeans. Just wity the protection of the Court lu this manner should be afforded to defendants is not apparent: certainly there is no justification for such a procedure. We fall to see how public Interest by this "behind-the-back-door" palley of dealing with casts, even though the charges may be un- savoury. It has long been estab. #shed that one of the most efen- tivo dolerrents to crime is publici- ty, because of the fear R engen- ders. In Hongkong this applies specially to Europeans, and to Chinese of social standing. It is therefore obviously desirable that
iry rather than
ahteld certain to types of defendants, the courts assist the newspapers In should
to give every wŁY
the widest publicity to their CASCE. More- over, there are grounds for strong complaint against the arbitrary
served
2333334 in which prosecuting police officers, and some magis- trales deelde whether or not cases should be, reported. Too often ure the Press bustled out of court because the magistrate, at the re- quest of
a prosecuting officer, has decided in conduct a hearing lo camera. In Hongkong the news- papers are denied any discretion. The protection of a Court can be. and should be invoked on behalf of a minor, but if it f be con- Dice aksCZ1- ceded that a Court.
lesai deel- bled, can announce ston in a case where charges have not even been mentioned, and the name of a defendant specifically omitted, we can only protest that the Court is assuming too much power: and if it is not, then our lower court procedure is in urgent need of revision. The suppres slon of names and evidence in the Interests of the public is essential- ly a concern of the noWADADETS, not a judge or magistrate.
The
practice too of holding cas
cases in
***
camera should not he allowed to become general, hut where it is clearly necessary, the press should be allowed to
In court. remain Neither should magistrates coun- tenance a favourite police practice of smuggling certain types of de- fendants Into court at times when the court in not normally siting, thus preventing the news- papers from reporting the casek. This sort of thing has been going on too long. It is time. It was stopped by instructions from the proper .quarters.
"Under
these circumstances. Chinn's foreign exchange holdings have been so reduced that it will soon be impossible for China to meet the cost of essential imports,
"Without such imports, industrial activity would diminish, and the rate of economie deterioration would be sharply merensed,"
President Truman reported that ever since Marshall's return from his special mission to China, prior to his oppointment as Secretary of State, the problem of assistance to the Nanking Government has been under study.
WILL AFFORD RESPITE The President said that, pending the establishment of an ERP ાઈ- ministration, assistance tu China should go forward under the machinery already distributing stop- gap aid.
Nothing which this country pro- vides by way of assistance can even in a small measure be substituted for the necessary action that can be taken by the Chinese Government," he said..
US Admiral Pays Visit
For
Reservations
Tol: 27880
Price 20 Cents
CHILE'S CLAIMS TO
FALKLAND IS. TERRITORY
The United States Naval Task Force 38 is paying a visit to Hongkong, and this picture shows Rear-Admiral Harold M. Martin. Commander of Carrier Division 5. taking the salute when he arrived at Queen's Pler yesterday. On the right is Commodore C. L. Robertson, Hongkong.— Ming Yuen.
De Valera Loses His Premiership
COSTELLO TO FORM CABINET
Dublin, Feb. 18.-Mr Eamon de Valern, six times Prime Minister of Eire, was today defeated by a combina- tion of Opposition parties in the Dail (Parliament), who elected a 57-year-old larrister to head a Coalition Govern- ment
The new Julin
Prime Minister is Mr
former Costello,
Allorney General in the administration of Alr William Cosgrave and tinember of Mul- Fine Gael, General Richard
which holds 30 seats cahy's party
that
Mr
Says Sovereignty Is "Indisputable"
London, Feb. 18.-President Gonzales Videla.
of Chile, declared his country's rights in Antarctica were "indisputable" when he inaugurated the Chilean Army base of Bernardo O'Higgins on
· British-owned Greenwich Island today.
Greenwich. Island is one of the South Shetland group in the Falkland Island Dependencies to which the 8,000-ton cruiser HMS Nigeria is steaming from South Africa, A British sloop is already there.
President Vilela decinred that "Wah all Chile, 1 tonst this Innd Chille was the "legitimate successor" of tomorrow, sure that its people of the Spanish crown, the coloniser will know how to maintain stoutly of the Western world.
and unity The United States is neutral to the the sovereignty
of our and territory from Arica (northern Chile). Tival claims of Britain, Chile Argentine, while Australia is to the South Pole"-Beuler. terested,"
it was made clour in Washington and Canberra today,
Argentins, which claims Decep- tion Island in the Falkland Islands group proper, declared tonight that "force, when introduced Into inter- national debates, is a bad council
lor."
quarters
Usually well informed believed tonight that Britain is likely to consult the United States Gov-
ment on a solution of the Antarc dispute with Chile and Argentino, which is considered to be reaching a disproportionate level.
Certain unita of our Navy are In the present position in which
In carrying out manoeuvres the the navics of Britalo, Argentine and Fret Seas of Antarctica." an Argen Chile will shortly be represented in tine Foreign Office statement sald.Antaretle seas and in which Graham "This is easy to understand and has Land and South Shetlands ace claim- no other significance which mighted by all three nations, such Anglo- be attributed to it."
United States exchanges of view Mr George Marshalt, the Ameri- would be a natural development. can Secretary
เก of State, sald
Washington at present makes 110 Washington-tonight that America. would 'sland by the Inter-American claims la Antarctic (erritory and re- Defence Paet signed in September cognises none. At the same time, Inst year, which excluded certain the United States had muintained an
territories of the Western Hemis- interest in Antarctic development phere from the defence section of through the despatch of expeditions the treaty,
to the South Polar regions and, as a partner in the 1947 Inter-American reciprocal assistance treaty, has Hemisphere defence and security.— clear interest in all matters affecting
Reuter.
Mr
the
AUSTRALIA'S INTEREST
B. Chifley, Joseph Australian Prime Minister, declared
the Dependencies,
оп
was
in ChubeITO that Australiu interested in anything that happened to concern the interests of Britain.
ARGENTINE STATEMENT a question He was replying to Ireland
in Parliament about the Falklands. the Republic, but Northern
Buenos Aires, Feb. 10-The rejected his proposal for an all Irish The Foreign Offee here has a Argentine Foreign Minister, in a nounced that Britain is likely to statement to the press tonight, deal- Parliament.
Several speakers today suggested make further representations to the ing with the Falklands dispute, sald: de Valers should drop Argentine and Chilean Governments "We do not believe in the force of parly polities and join in as all-re-asserting British sovereignty in whatever units might be mobilised. the Fat
party Government.
The problem is nitcgether different. Mr de Valera's «defeut, following The Dall adjourned to enable Mr
President Gonzalez Videla landed of his party, the Costello to go to the President of Eire, the first failure
"It is not one of tonnage, but of innugurate Fianna Fail, to poll a clear majority Mr Scan O'Kelly, for formal con-
naval and army bases international law. Force, when in- onfirmation of his appointment. of seats in the general election
and a weather station.
troduced into international debates, It ends 16
is expected that the new February 14.
Referring today to "the indisput- is a bad counsellor." Government will be in office tonight. able rights of sovereignty of Chile. years in offtee.
and that Mr Sean MacBride will be Minister for External Affairs.
Mr Costello earned recognition while Attorney General for his con-
the 1931 Statute tribution
Kave autory Westminster, which to British Dominions and made it world. possible for Eire to remain neutral in World War II.
continuous
His party now holds 88 seals in the Dalt, while all the others hold 74, including 12 Independents.
When the first vote was taken in the crowded. semi-circular Leinster House, home of the Dall, Mr de Valera was defeated by 75 vutes 10 70.
In a second vote, the Dail elect- ed Mr Costello by 75 votes to B.
to
f
The Dall approved tonight by 75 votes to 65 the formation of a new Government headed by Mr Costello. --Reuter.
"Yet this programme car, necom-election, it has been made my Tune Wrong, But
plish the important purpose of giv ing the Chinese Government respite from the rapid economic deteriora- tion, during which it can move to establish more stable economic con- ditions.
Without this respite. the ability of the Chinese Government to estab- fish such conditions at all would be
doubtful.
"I recommend, therefore, that this programate be given prompt favourable consideration by Can #ress."
DRAFT LEGISLATION Later, a draft copy of the pro- posed legislation was sent to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee by the State Department,
It provided that:
Whether China shall be re-
to quired Junke nny repayment shpit depend on its capacity to nuke
without such repayment Jeopardising the
ndcomplishment of the purposes of the Act"
2-The could
to form an Melody Lingers On
A NEW SPIRIT General Mulcahy, proposing Mr Costello's election, declared that "in the reaction from the recent general for a number of parties here to say that they are willing. inter-party Government."
The selection of Mr Costello was "not a question of bargaining but u manifestation of a new spirit."
Air Sean MacBride, leader of the New Republle Party which originally expected to offer Mr de Valera serious threat but which won only 10 seats in the new Dail. shid the election result indicated that
10
Dartition
Was
of
a
fluences.
yesterday Greenwich Island to
in these regions, never before visited The statement was apparently #
that the British
by the Chief of State of any nation." reply to reports he declared that Chile was the le- cruiser Nigeria was on its way to gitimate successor of the Spanish the Antarctic from South Africa.—
the coloniser of the Western, Router.
crown,
The Chilean President maintained that the normal classic processes of International law for the acquisition)
territorial sovereignty of
the ordinarily not apply in ord way to the Polar regions.
Thus
as new events
HANDS-OFF POLICY
Washington, Feb. 18-Mr Georgo could Marshall, the Secretary of State, an- same nounced today what was in effect a hands-off policy by the United States demand towards the rival claims of Britain, to certain
new rulings, modern international Chile and Argentina law has the task of martialling the territories in the Falkland Islands
Dependencies. clements which must contribute-to- wards the birth of Antarctic
Mr Marshall said the question of "Such cle- : sovereignty," he said.
sovereignty In the Antarctica had ments are proximity, and pccupa been raised by the Chilean delega-
carried
1947.
Moscow, Feb. 18.-Two outstand-tion." ing Soviet composers,
Proximity alone would merely nu-on at the Rio de Janeiro Conference the world-
which drafted the Inter-American famous Sergei Prokoljev and the thorise a latent sovereignty if there Defence Pact, signed in September, lesser known Vano Muradeli, have were
no intention to retain of effective ublicly confessed their past failures sovereignty by means
musle occupation of these territories. "The to create democratie Soviet
At that time, it was made clear free from bourgeois modernistic in- exploitation of the natural resources that there were certain boundaries
on by Chile through the
of men
of enterprise separating The confesstans were given last endeavours night at a general meeting of the and of our herole whaling fleet is
called perfect judicial form of occupation." rum of Soviet. Composers,
LAND OF TOMORROW to discuss the decision of the Com- munist Party Central Committee,
Mr Marshall declined to be drawn "The presence of the President of which decreed last week that the the Republie in these regions affords into a discussion on whether the Soviet cumposers bad deviated from [one more confirmation of the sover-issue was one suitable for the Inter- the proper Party lines for music.eignty of Chile over the extreme national Court of Justice at The Tinted Press.
south of the national soll.
Hague to discuss-Reuter.
parts of the Western Hemisphere, which came under the and
defence section of the treaty,
the parts which did not.
the people of Eire wanted to end Mr de Valera's political
monopoly. He added that all parties support- ing Mr Costello were united in the
end the desire Ireland.
During his election compaigo, Mr MacBride contended that Mr de of Valern's policy on the ending partition between Eire and Northern Ireland, which remains part of the United Kingdom, had lost its vigour.
Is uwn party is pledged to more milliant policy of
Washington, Feb. 18.-The|mical abolishing
generally satisfactory; in diameter to allow for tidal varia- ́.
lons and for tuturo larger ships. the border which, it claims, divides largest battleship or ocean liner place to build a new one. Export Import Bank
2--Only a sea level canal could bo When the investigators studied the agricultural south from its may sail some day through a make loans to China directed by the President.
dustrial counterpart in the north.
made socure against sabotage or the subject of an Istlimus rail ne tunnel under the Central Ameri- aerial attack. 3-China must give full and con-
power In
they decided on vessels of the future Fianna Fail secured
can Isthmus.
The project is the biggest over 09 much as 1,400 feet long, the Unuous
publicity to the purpose, 1932 when Mr do Valera was 50. source, character ATHI amounts of the lle had been sentenced to death,
contemplated; its channel would be weight of the carriage and the ship 60 feet below sen level and would would total 250,000 tons. commodities available;.
reprieved and imprisoned for his
be 600 feet wide at a 40 foot depth. 4-China must permit representa- part in the revolt against the British tives of the United States, including in 1910, had gone secretly to the members of Congress, to observe and United States, where he was born, report on the distribution and use to enlist support for a free Irish re- of the commodities;
public, and returned in 1920.
BELOW SEA LEVEL CANAL PROPOSED
03
6. China must encourage the sale
to the United States for stockpiling
swer
Or it may travel from the Atlantic to the Paclite in a vast open sou level canal with banks rising as high as 000 feet.
1
and
The deepest cut through the Con-
tinental Divide would be 600 feet from below the surrounding hills.
Two new permanent, towns would
The Panama sea level canal was
recommended.
the
It would enable ships to cross the Engineers with ninandale
Isthmus in four and one halt hours the United States Congress to study
about half the time it now takes. · all possible routes for a new canel have to be
It would carry
the largest vessela NORTHERN OPPOSITION neross the Isthmus Have even con-
In two alternative Panamanian and would accommodate all Five years after Mr do Valera akdered a ship railway which would routes, one beginning at San Blas traffic that is expected by the year. | purposes of certain critical materials, came into power, the new consti-lift a vessel out of one ocean, carry Bay and the other one at Caladonin The only special engineering prob- The Act would also enable the tution of the Irish Free State was st overland by rall and sat it down Eny, the lowest points of the divida lem they believed, would be adjust- [Reconstruction and Finance Cor-adopted and the name Eire como- in the other.
are about 1,100 feet above sea level. Ing, the canal to the Pacific tides; poration to advance $150,000,000 to into being.
Here are some of their findings: Here the engineers suggestedt af which have a maximum rango get the programme started immedi-
-The location of tho present tunnel under the ridge. It would 20 feat, compared to two foot range jately it is approved-Reuter.
carial in Panama is the most econg have to be much larger than 238 feet in the Atlantic Associated Press.
Mr de Valera continued to cam- paign to bring Northern Ireland into
of