Pioneers In Century Of Painless Surgery
The centenary celebrations of anaesthesis now taking" place in Britain and the United States, mark the greatest single step in the scientific progress of medicine. For it is only since October 16, 1846, that a surgeon has been able to say to a patient before an operation "you won't feel any pain."
boon.
.
caused
a deep sleep, to fall
In honour of the medical God pioneers who first made this po Adam and he slept, and he took one of his ribs and closed up to mankind possible, the flesh instead thereof." Gradual- Britain's Royal College ofly the Scottish surgeon wore down Surgeons is Sponsoring a full opposition by the splendid resulta scale exhibition, tracing the of chloroform to Queen Victoria development of anaesthesia, during one of the Royal births opened by Lord Moran at the greatly increased is popularity In Wellcome Historical Medical England.
he obtained, and the administration
The risk of death from
London,
heart while the Museum,
respiration, is
being failure or stoppage of also anniversary
however though among experts not observed at dinners, demonstra- more than one in five thousand- tions, and meetings in Britain caused the continued use of ether
In Britain. and the United States..
In a purer form than sulphuric compound and adminis tered with a spectal inhaler invent- ed by Clover in 1876, it is safer than chloroform.
with ot
The credit for the discovery of anaesthetics belongs to no single country. Ever since Bir- gery was first practised, efforts have been made to obvinte or readen the pangs of the operating table.
4
As
in
Local Anaesthesia
An important further slop far back as the sixteenth century an English physician med Bullein painless surgery was made towards mentioned the passibility of putting the end of the last century with the patients who were to be operated Introduction of lural anesthetics. up into "a tronce or deep, ter-These, Introduced into rible
But
the dream," chemist who provided the real an- swer to the problem.
ness.
12
Nitrous Oxide fibi
WDS
or
COCK
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1946.
BBC
Deborah Kerr, British flim atar, often heard in British Broad casting Corporation short wave services, taking part in the BBC's now pories of Woman's Hour programmes, in which she was one of the apeotal istening panel of three women representing varied sections, of women's interests in Great Britain who were invited by the BBC to comment on the first programme In this series.
NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR
HEART OPERATIONS
The day wiren surgeons will be able to stop the heari from beating and operate on it for any disorder white keeping the brain and body alive with oxygenated blood is not far off, according to one of the nation's outstand ing heart specialists, Dr Claude S. Beck.
Dr Beck is associate surgeon; muscular area of the vital organ, but twig set off a at University Hospital, Cleve-that tying arth land, and professor of Neuro-the rhythm of the heart and killed trigger mechanism which destroyed at Western Reserve the animal. University. He made the pre-
Dr Beck diction at a meeting of the 14th tiny blood vessel then
concluded that
surgery
menni
Just a the
nlimited area of the body, produce purnlysla of the sensory nerves of an affected part without the patient losing con- sciousness
affecting vital organs. Coraine, prepared from the theub of Peru, was chiefly‘used, but In 1000, Britain's flumphrey Davy more recently chemists have pro wrote "as nitrous oxide seems educed synthetic derivatives whifib, able of destroying physleal pain It may probably be used with advan while being equally effective, re
safer. And in tage in surgical operations."
In spinal anesthesti, developed 1829 Michael Faraday, the great electrician, showed that ether was early in the present century, a few capable of producing unconscious-drops of one of these cocaine de
rivatives are injected into the spine of the patient to render the lower part of his body and limbs insensi live. Major operations can thus be Annual Institute of the Ohio difference between life and death. performed while a patient reads or State Nurses Association there. Jie alsu expressed himself as hopeful smokes, totally oblivious of what is
Nature made nbad anatomical that surgeons soon would be able to happening behind a sereen which hides the surgeon and his assistants
arrangement when she gave man a put as much blood as needed into the at the lower end of the operating and separated them, Dr Beck said. to do something for coronary disense heart with only two coronary arteries | Juman heart and in that way be able
He added that nature had done much sufferers, During the first and second world
better by the turtle in giving it further progress has wars,
been made in the aelence of anesthetics
more coronary arteries to nourish
In other experiments of the heart, and
supply oxygen in Its heart.
Dr Beck found ways to increase the ant wonderful new drugs are
"Whoever heard of a turtle falling organ's blood supply by using pow periodically discovered. But it dead?" Dr Beck asked.
dered asbestos as an abrasive on its to those early pioneers, whose in- valuable contribution is now being with a light and a series of lenses so of a new network of blood vessels The doctor foresaw en instrument surface. This caused the formation remembered in the centenary cele-arranged it could be put down the de
normally discote brations, that medicine and 23:171
uf the two
coronary Jugular vein and kind are most indebted.
pushed into the branches surgeons to peer arteries Interlock. inside blood
He also achieved better circulation direct approach, he said, operations by tissue grafts, GO that blood could be performed that
conduits grew across from the chest
An American dentist, W. T. G. Morton at Boston, U.S.A., began to use it in 1846 for extraction of teeth wirl on October 16 of the same year he provided apparatus and neted as anesthetist to Dr. Warren, senlur of Musmchusetts General surgeon Hospital, who performed the first public
using sulphuric table. operation ether in prevent the patient feeling
puln In Britain. Robert Liston. Inmous surgeon of University College Hos- pital, London, used the same anes- thetic for amputation of a leg of a patient in December that year and early in
the following
Professor of Simpson, James Young Midwifery at Edinburgh Univer- sity, Introduced it for both child- birth and surgical operations,
In those days however, sulphuric ether hod many disadvantages~- dificulties of administration, 1107 abominable amell, and bad after effects on the patient, Simpson therefore began to search for a bet- fer substitute especially for use in childbirth.
Dredging Work On
Singapore Flying Boat Anchorage
Nearly $1,000,000 will be spent by the Singapore Government this year and next year on dredging opera- tions in the seaplane channel and unchorage at Kallang the impor tant Kaleway for Singapore's flying boat truffle from the United Kingdom and Australia.
He found it in a bottle of sweet smelling liquid which had been sent to him by Dumas, the celebrated French chemist. This fluid,
first produced by the great German che- mat Liebig in 1831, was chloroform. Chloroform Experiments As with many other researchers, Simpson was not afraid to test the unknown quantity on himself. With two colleagues equally stouthcart- ed, he inhaled the vapour after a
The difficult task of clenring up supper party in his hotne. And more than 400,000 tons of accumulat soon all three became unconscious. et silt from the river bed has already
ventricle to vessels. Through such |
it would
the
suzanise treatment of cardio-wall or other organs and increased Cardiovascular work of the future the heart's blood supply-United
will require vivid surgical
imagi- nation and hard work through re- search," Dr Eco-said. "It will not be the medicine of the past. The medical man now can study your
stethoscope, fouroscope,
Press.
Malayan People's
SINGAPORE WAR ON
HAWKERS
Singapore's fight against black market hawkers who are up. setting overy rationing scheme, and unlicensed vegetable von- dors, who are causing a' serious health problem in crowded arens of the city, has entered a new phnse.
Food Control Department inspec- lors and the „Police are to step-up the frequency of raids on notorious binck market areas, says the Straits Times.
daily
Raids are now being carried out And sometimes twice day, from the first Experience gained
carried out some months ago raids has been put to good use.
Several streets which formerly
clear appeared impossible to
of hawkers have been improved out of all recogulilan.
Systemalle destruction of statis belonging to unlicensed hawkern of controlled goods has had a salutary effect, but the problem of "mobile" hawkers especially cigarette sellers, continues and these are being mude the special object of present ralds which will continue till something ike the pre-war situation is arrived ut.
Vegetable vendors present An- other problem which is being tackled vigorously.
en-
Licensed Markets
raids-to One object of the courage vendors to enter the Hcensed temporary markets established close to their "business" areas-has been more successful recently.
Cigarettes, biscuits, milk and other controlled goods, except perishable collected vegetables and foodstuffs,
in the raids are stored in the Food tributors. Revenue from this goes to Control office before disposal to dis-
Government.
Perishable fonds sire delivered raid to Immediately after every
muuns and the Home for the Aged run by orphanages run by Catholic the Sisters Of The Poor.
Phraseology Of Japanese Constitution
Four little words, inserted in the new Japanese constitution shortly before its passages, may
LEE THEATRE
SHOWING TO-DAY' AT 2.30, 5.10, 7.10 & 9.15 p.m. A GREAT CHINA PRODUCTION
"THE FLAME OF LOVE"
LI CHING
Starring
•
TOMMY WU EVELYN CHENG LU DUN ROSE LAI
And introducing the Sercon Debut of LI LAN, Miss Hong Kong of 1946
And Jonio Kwok, doing her special
Hula number, with music
by Raymond Lui and his
Hawaiian Sotenadors
PRODUCED BY HARRY LAI With Mandarin Dialoguo
ORIENTAL
SHOWING TO-DAY: 2.30—5.15—7.15—9.15 P.M.
THE FUNNIEST picture ́‘BOB'EVER MADE! THIS is their funniest //
Directed by
DAD BUTLER
SCREEN CAT BY HAPPY KURNIZ Released through RED Rodio Pictures
CATHAY
EUANCHAI RONG ANCHOR
SAMUEL GOLDWYN
tang bingly preveni
BOB DOROINY. HOPE LAMOUR THEY GOT ME COVERED
SHOWING TO-DAY
At 2.30, 5.15. 7.15 & 9.15 p.m.
MICKEY'S NEWEST IS HIS BEST! MICKEY ROONEY
FREDDIE BARTHOLOMEW in
A YANK AT ETON
4
with: EDMUND GWENN IAN HUNTER COMMENCING ON SUNDAY AT 12.30 P.M. ONLY INGRID BERGMAN HUMPHREY BOGART
a
IN "CASABLANCA”
some day be used to permit Correspondence
Japan legally to rearm, say Washington observers,
In the constitution, passed by the Diet and promulgated November 3. "forever re- the Japanese people
nounce war as a sovereign right of the nation, or the Ureat or use of
with other nations."
heart only by indirect methods Restaurants' Meals force, as a rienns of settling disputes
Dr Beck pointed out surgeons to- day are separated from the heart
by the blanket of the chest wall."
"I believe we are at the point where we can use the direct approach and look inside the heart and wived vessels," he
she said. The doctor himself has performed about 5,000 experimental operations on animals to learn how to supply
The price of a meal at People's
Restaurants in Malaya was recently
reduced from 35 cents to 25 cenis
As a consequence of this renun- ciation the constitution provides that land, sea and air forces "will never be maintained."
But somehow the words "for the purpose"-referring to the renun- wor-were prefixed to ciation of Menus are published daily in newspapers. This is a simple; fried the ban on armed forces rice; Vienna suusuges with onions According to some circles here the kangkong und fresh pineapple.
(Straits currency).
the
Correspondence Catholic Elements
Naturalisation
Said Anti-Jewish
Warsaw, Dec. 4 A Foreign Ministry spokesman de- clared at a news conference that cer-
curring.
(To the Editor, HK. Telegraphi) Sir, I read with interest in Satur-tain elements of the Catholle Church day's "Telegraph" the article by were contributing to the Instigation Delmer Thinking Aloud.' of anti-Semille nets which, he said, Sefton which denis with the question of were "sporadio" after the July 4 naturalisation of stateless persons in pogrom in Kielce and still were oc- England.
Expressing his satisfaction over the fact that those of them who fought The spokesman exhibited a six- forces during the teenth century pointing depicting with the British
und a ginss-enclosed coffin with-a- maintained forces could be
for jects, the author says inter alia:
Britain muminised body which, he said, re "Continuous residence purely defensive purposes.
Jesult 5
posea neur the altar of a years should not, I suggest be since in modern war the only defence for is the ability to mount a powerful considered sufficient in itself to en- church at Leczyca, Lodz and "served a drosile propaganda stirnulus to mon or a woman to British counter-offence, it is believed the title
instigate the Polish population a loop-hole citizenship." four words constitute
every against Jews"-Associated Press. which could eventually permit Japan- ese rearmament.
·Hearing, the crash-as-they-fell from | begun...Work la. now. being...mainly the heart-with-more blood and fand "tomato; sauce" or egg ~~curry; inserted - phrase.. implies that armed war are now to become British sub- | the rituat murder of a entid by Jews:
their cluirs. Mr. Simpson rushed into the room.
Only the fact that they had ceased to Inhale the fumes when they fell from before the table, saved them from death. But Simpson was delighted with his dis-
covery.
Almost immediately afterwards, he used chloroform in a operation on
concentrated in the anchorage where three dredges are engaged in seven- hour per day shif's.
prevent its failure. Early experi
ments showed he eculd tie off four branches of blood vessels In a given
MALAYAN LEAVE CENTRE Human Feet
Plans for It
inter- Ferminent Services teave centre in the Cameron Highlands, Malaya's central, moun- Lin block, to accommodate about 2,000 Service personnel, have been
Will Develop
|LANGUAGE OF MALAY YOUTH NOT IMPROVED
After three and a half years of Japanese occupation and a post-war Blood of American films, the spoken
Into Hooves English of the youth in Malayn has
not improved.
dellcate Ittle boy-with And very soon. complete suCBESS. with
results, equally excellent Simpson extended the new
antes- thetic to his maternity work.
Opposition to its use in childbirth Was first rande by the general
The scheme in to biblical public
DA
ethical and grounds. The Bible, Genests chap- lion dollars
If the Army can nequtre ter 3, verse 16, was quoted against another 200 acres in addition to the it "in sorrow shalt thou bring forth 100 acres they are own at Brin- the arch of the foot, are on the Seneral knowledge, may chlidren." But Simpson neatly chang. If they have to seek a more countered this with another quota- remote slic, roads may put up the tion from Genesis: "and the Lord cost another million dollars-Reuter,
SIDE GLANCES
COPK. 1968 BY REĄ DERICT ING TO ACREL
submitted to the War mil.:
cost
By Galbraith
"Did you say $100? Well, that's the first hat you've bought in a long time that I can't afford to laugh at!"
Education authorities in Singapore hope that 27 carefully selected educational fim each month, besides
Man's little toc, along with
"the accent and vocabulary way out, and the foot several of Malayan youth.
Besides films such as "Henry V thousands of years from now will
and and "Burmi Victory" It is planned be
shorter much
show Ministry of Information films broader and resemble a hoof.
to brooden geographic and selenti- That is
the prediction of Dr de knowledge, and to increase the Willam J. Stickley, executive secre- chiaren's appreciation of music and tary of the American National ther arts.--Reuter. Association of Chiropodists, who said the Bfth toe has been getting small for some lime now and is "strictly a decoration."
"Nature destroys what we don't use, and while it will be many thousands of years before the little toe disappears, if it were lost now it i wouldn't be missed," he said in on interview with United. Press,
The toe nails, no longer needed as claws, also are beginning to vanish, he added.
SHOULD WOMEN
PAID THE SAME
(Continued from Pare42)
But
A further last-minute addition to
the constitution provides that the Prime Minister and the ministers of the Cabinet shall be civilians."
Observers point out that if armed forces were non-existent there could be no military men, and hence there would be no need of such a provision, reports United Press.
"1 would demand that in case proof should be given that the allen carned the honour by ser- vice and encrifice."
And further "Let
115
not debase the value of
our citizenship by granting it to a lot of people for whom It is nothing more than an axidress."
WOMAN SCULPTOR'S
SUCCESS
The point raised by the author is
Washington, Dec. 4. very interesting and has a bearing The New York sculptor, Miss upon the question of naturalling in Brenda Putnam, defeated Blx Hongkong. In prace-time, the re-competing male artists and won an quisites for naturalisation were: con- award of $1,500 for designing a gold tinuous residence for Ove years and medal to be presented to Flect good character, which was sufficient, Admiral Ernest J. King..
yes in peace, but not in war.
This
The
GALLANTRY IN GREECE
Constitution Amendment U.S. officials are not, however, placing their hopes of a permanently peaceful Japan on the "no pledge, which it is recognised may have been made partly as an attempt
Crown Colony wos under The medal was authorised by to please Japan's conquerors. When enemy occupation, and among thora Congress last March 22 for his sex- Japan regains her full sovereignty, stateless" who have now been given vlees as Commander-in-Chief of the which she must some day, she could the right to apply for naturalisation United States Fleet and Chief of Fasily amend her constitution.
were, on one hand, members of the Naval Operations during the war.--- For the immediate postwar period British forces who risked their lives Associated Prest. the allies will keep Japan forcibly for the Crown and narrowly escaped BE disarmed. This may extend for 20 death in POW camps and, on
other, those who enjoyed the to 40 years if the other alles accept
vilege of
being "third nationals" a U.S. proposal for a treaty to keep her front rearming during some auch during the war and carried on their businesses and occupations under the period.
After that, it is felt, it will be up enemy rule getting more or less pros-
London, Dec. 4. Jost all, perous while the former to whatever world security pro including their freedom,
For great gallantry and determina- on a parlon of the highest order lo in force to prevent gramme
with
the British. possible new Japanese aggression
clandestine operations bahind enemy While it is known that as a rule lines in Greece in 1943, Licut-Cmdr together with the enlightened zelf-
naturalisations could not be granted C. M. B. (Mike) Cumberlege, RNR interest of the Japanese people themselves.
the war in any part of the retired, has been awarded a bar to during In the latter connection it is said British Empire, it is a sad fact that his Distinguished Service Order, the
still now, 16 months after its end, London Gazette announced to-day, that the constitutional provision
men from the those who had fought for it barring military
Last week it was announced that Cabinet may put a sharp brake onlised and not even promised priority Cmdr Cumberlege, first reported to Hongkong have not become natura- possible revival of militarism in post when applying for it. Consequently, be a prisoner, was now unfeignedly
they
rentsin deprived of certain believed to have lost his life at the civic rights and subject to all the re-hands of the enemy on April 1, 1943, strictions implied in the "stateless" at the Sachsenhausen concentration status, such
as the right to hold camp in Germany-Router.
coud- Dru are undesir
In
agreeing that As a result of these changes, he THE commission,
women are not inferior beings, said, the "Toot of the future" probably will be a short, square, flat-plillosophically prophesies that bottomed affair that will look a lot the natural course of things. they like a hoof-with
ridges to will, inevitably improve their posl only
tion, especially if they organise show where the toes nace were. themselves
Running Galt
But--and here is the real secret
In elaboration, he said this miny mean that man will develop of the running rather than a walking galt, to maintain his balance.
Modern hard walking surfaces and
of automobiles and
other con-
commission's attitude-to give women full equality of wages now would, tear at the roots of full employment.
a general lack of walking in favour So working women, be patient.
That is not my advice. It shines veyances all are anil-arch, he went through 100,000 words of the turgid, on. He computed the eventual complicated and highly qualified disappearance of the arch with the prose of
way
Mammoth Cave, Commission. fish Kentucky,, lost, their eyes because they did no need for them.
But while these changes are in the offing and "can't be staved of," the thing to do is to accept the present-day foot and wear sensible shoes and give the foot proper rest and exurelse, he said.
ទេវ
Majesty's Royal
BRAZIL-PORTUGUESE AIR. AGREEMENT.
Lisbon. Dec. 4.
Portuguese
war Japan.
Empty Beer Bottles Government posto, travel to
For DP Babies
in
in
ablo (including China) etc,
incur unnecessary expenditure. Yet All they so far got in return for. In the Government Gazette the other their sacrifice to the Crown is the day, there was, a notice calling for right to apply for naturalisation. But tenders for the demolition of the life Is short,
Mount and rehabilitation Japanese memorial The American Red Cross reports urgent. Is this fair? Is this demo- Cameron that its recreation. workers in dc-cratic?
QUESTION MARK -
Cameron Memorial
cupled Germany have a new job collecting bottica for babies of dia- placed persons,'
There is an acuto shortage of baby bottles and the beer bottles are the only once on which the supply
Mt.
Gir The Government,
of German rubber nipples will fit with a colossal deficit, is trying to
In this connection, Dr Stickley noted that women generally are wearing lower heels than before the negotiations for an air agreement Red Cross recreation centres do not raise money by every means Dob- $50,000 to raze the memorial to the
Willo agreeing with the view en- tertained by many residents that the structure should go, I think that the present is definitely not the time to embark on such expense. People construction experiencd have with faced W
said that it would cost not less than view of the Colony's permit beer on the premises, but sible. The recent increase in duty ground war. He said this makes for better were concluded to-day.
asking on spirits and tobacco and the res- buga, dedelt, shouldn't we postpone disposition among the fair sex, and The agreement. be signed bins aro being put
deposit their empty taurant. levy are instances, the demolition project and save our that, if all women would wear heels shortly, provides for the establial-soldiers to
It is time for the Government to Treasury this large sum of money? under two inches, they would be a ment of mutual airlines between the bottles from the post exchanges.-
LOWER LEVELS, United Press.
Gave as much as possible, and not to much better natured group.". two countries-United Press.
The
and Brazilian
to
情色
in
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