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A
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Hongkong Telegraph.
Wednesday, July 9, 1941.
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THE prefix "Special to the Zelegraph" indicate news which I strictly copyright
is used by the Hongkong Telegraph" to under the provisions of the Telecommuni cations Ordinance, 1930. Such now* ** bears the indication "UP is received in Hongkong on the date of pubication by the United Press Associations, who re- servo all rights and forbid republications, either wholly or in part without previous arrangement
DEBUNKING THE
BLITZKRIEG
AFTER sixteen days of pitiless fighting and enormous losses in men and materials by both sides, the Russo-German war picture is still confused. This is primarily due to the exceptionally big front on which
are
July 9, 1941.
International Importance
of the
Sino-Japanese War
By ROBERT P. MARTIN United Press Staff Correspondent'
past 30 yours. Under hià adminha- China and Japan enter the
trullun the highway has shown fifth year of their undeclared
steady progress. hostilities with the struggle as-
Authoritative reports showed that suming greater importance be- cause of its increasingly closer the control of north China and also Chungking, but most of the observers last. November the dally shipments will provide them'n springboard, believe this a wishful thinking us over the Burma, routs averaged 129 relationship to Anglo-American plus protected lines of communica- long as Britain is still standing aint tons, December 142 tons, January efforts to halt the Axis powers. tlong, for a dash neruas the Yellow both Britain and the United States 169 tons, February 240 tons, March -
The Sino-Japanese war is River into northern Honan provitice continue to supply Chungking with 202 tons and April 300 tons. to-day no nearer solution than and westward to Stan, capital of credits and war materials. in 1938 when Japanese forces Stiensi province, if the Japanese in-
cities, tend to pursue their advance. occupied, the Wuhan
The battle was admitted to have China during the last year. re- ceived more moral, financial and been the greatest since the early material nid from Great Britain days of the war and the 'worst de und the United States than in feat the Chinese had suffered since the previous three years. The to Western Powers sought to bolster Chinese morale and pro- vide implements of war neces- sary for Chungking to continue resistance.
nny
the fall of Honkow in 1938.
Indo-China
·
The majar Japanese
Kuomintang V. Communists
The rond is functioning the best in its history with all bridges intact, according to the Intest re- ports,
With constant improvement and China late" In 1940 and early in mercasing shipments, the - Chinese obtain aumclent 1941 Internally went through one of might possibly the most desperate periods of the war material to enable them to stage # due to a confilet between Generalis- morale-building offensive, but the simo Chlang Kai-shelt and the Con- Japanese claim they would welcome munists which resulted in actual
any such move by the Chinese. military nghting between the Central troops Route Army
to
The air mission was followed by
The extension of United States aid China's resistance, it is be operation during the year was the and the New Fourth loved, will prevent Japan from bloodless conquest of French Indo- and threatened to split wide open to China under the lease-and-lend bill, the dispatch to Chungking' by throwing
appreciable Chinn which cut off one of Chung-
the five-year-old "united front."
President
of Roosevelt Lauchlin strength to her Axis partners, king's major supply routes and ren-
Relations between Chungking and Currle, an economic expert, either through A southward dered useless thousands of tons of
other Imports the Communlats of the present time ascertain China's needs and build up expansion programme or out war materials and right participation in a world which were stored up awaiting trans- appear to be temporarily patched the Chinese morale, and the recent war in case the United States portation by railway to Kunming up but the fundamental difference visit of a United States air mission to Ching, and a further group of should
between the two still exists. become embroiled from Innol.
transport and Anońce expert have against Italy and Germany.
The occupation of Indo-China also Chiang also was faced with scute also been signifeant developments. Success of the Anglo-Ameri- made available to Japan the French Anancial problems, and with the can programme to aid China colony's annual production of 50,000 monetary assistance of the United will be judged historically in the tons of rubber which represents more States and Britals checked the acute a few experienced American pilots outcome of the European strug- than Japan normally uses. The inflationary trend in Chinese finances, and limited ground personnel. Ap- glo-whether Japan is immo- Japanese also gained tremendous with the accompanying evils of sky-parently the United States airmen Bilised to the extent that she is quantities of tin and other vital raw rocketing living costs, hoarding, de- will not be used in actual combat unable to participate effectively materials with the exception of oll, pleted government with the Axls,
Japan also gained a new export other hardships which were suffered have charge of building up and market during the year with Indo- by the Chinese people. China and succeeded In bringing
Chungking has now Instituted a The United States had two Thailand within the orbit
centralised food control and taxa- Significant Moves alternatives either to help Japanese "co-prosperity sphere."
tion programme which, with United All of these steps, plus increasing China and thus indirectly hin-.
The occupation of Indo-China niso Slates monetary assistance, gives United States funncial aid, indicate
tremendous
the der Japanese military power,
Importance bases for China promise of a stronger econo- the or to embargo completely trade gave the Japanese alr
the coming United States has placed on bolster
ing China to continue her war Burma Road and alr bases for year. with Japan as a means of under- operations against Kunming and the mic footing during
order to against the Japanese in mining Japan's war-making possible future use against Malaya
immobilise the latter as far as possible.
Two Alternatives
power.
Sucti
of
and the Netherlands East Indies.
the
revenues and
Chinese Optimism.
The Chinese optimistically pre-
but will train the Chinese to use new Amerlean machines and
wlit
maintaining the Chinese air force.
The effectiveness of the programme
The latter course had the danger that it would force Japan southward Politically, Japan's major accom- to the Netherlands Eas! Indles and plishment of the year was the recon- Malaya to obtain oil and other raw nition of Wang Ching-wel's Nanklag diet that Chungking will be.able so far is shown in Japan's refusal materials and open markets for regime a recognition which has not to take the offensive in the autumn to take the collapse of the East move might yet produced any results because of of 1941 or the spring of 1942 when Indles economie negotiations as the southward push, This Is signal for exports, have forced the United States into Japan's unwillingness to give Wat the flow of America's war supplies based partially on Japanese realisa-
inilitarily,
politi- war
America's any power elt with Japon, defeating/
cally or economically, plus the fact gives them necessary tanks, artillery on that further extension of the war nim to concentrate on Europe.
in the Far East might stretch the lines in China dangerously and also on the The United States chose the first that Wang has not yet been able to and planes.
Chinese
The only supply route which the apparent realisation that the United alternative and continues to supply Induce other prominent
Burma Stales la ready to back up its Japans with lesser quantities of the leaders from Chungking to old him
reconstruction Chinese have how is
route, operated under the direction stand in the Pacifle with force it imports which she needs in an effort in his "peace to keep the Japanese military forces movement."
of Dr John Earl Baker
has necessary and the realisation that who bogged down in the China conflict
the present International situation entirely favourable for while not committing any overt het or placing the extra pressure which strengthened Nanking regime might been a rall and highway expert in is not
en be able to negotiate
with the United States and China for the further military adventures. would bring the Pacifle crisis to hend.
and
Some observers
state
peace.
that
a
the conflict-or to be more
conflicts correct,
being fought. What normally would comprise a battlefront is, in this war, a sector, which means that when communiques speak of the Ostrov- Polotsk - Lepel- Bobruisk-Novograd-Volynsk and Moguilev-Podolsk sectors, they are referring to most of White Russia and the southern part of the province of Leningrad, which absorbs an area of about to cut off Generalissing Chiang Kai-along the Chinese defences in 80,000 square miles, In addi-shek's supply lines, and attempts to
Japan In the past year confined er China war activities to continual mapping-up operations against Chin- cae guerillas in occupied areas, cam- paigns against the Chinese regulars, Iremendous nerial onslaught against Chungking, extension of the blockade order in an attempt coastal
With
the
the
Chinese Army
All day long we had ridden By AGNES SMEDLEY powerful. This is true of your own-
I roturned
country also. It is the worst thing
the millions of your friends who detest tion there are fighting sectors disrupt the Burma Road operations. North, Hupeh Provinces. When stood at attention. "Salute!" shouted in all existence. I am one of the
The last, judging by the decreased the shadows. of the hills grew the commander. in Bessarabia, the Ukraine and
operations in the past few
they. "This la a foreign friend. such men as you with the millions the northern province of Mur- have been almost abandone months, long we halted at a mud hut in salute, but with better reason than and oppose such people. This binds a narrow valley which one of She works for our wounded. She of whom I am one. I would apolo- possible.
gise to you for my countrymen who the armies was using as its first will speak to us."
sell weapons of death to your dressing station to care for the
What does one say to men going enemies-but I do not regard them -out to die? The faces and eyes were as my people."
mansk.
A second reason why it is hard to gain an accurate idea of how the war is progressing from the point of view of
Chungtiao Fighting
strategical and territorial gains hinese in the Chungtiao mountains loor, lay a number of wounded the people of England, of all the
and losses, is that the only re- ports issued are the official communiques from Moscow and Berlin, which of, necessity are extremely generalised, and to
some extent coloured.
་
the The most crushing victory
inflicted Japanese
on the Chinese wounded.
when 100,000 Ju May
"Tell us what our friends are do Occurred
There was but one door to the solemn, serious-faces from another world than mine. But were they? Japanese, including two divisions
the earthen Then I thought of my own people, of ing against this." from Manchuria, surrounded 200,000 hut. Inside, on
I told them. I told them the common people of the world who in southern Shanst province and in-
men in a row, and in the fading have watched and sympathised with names and the work of many organ- casualties Dicted 50,000
cost reported to
to have light their dark forms were like China. And I began to tell the sol- isations working for China, and of diers of those people who hope for those that do work of humanity. In Chinese at been less than 10,000 Japanese. a part of the mud walls and the their victory, who give from small this I mentioned the name of Prest
cam- Military observers claim the
the on
paign was 70 to 80 per cent. success-earth beneath them. On a rude wages or salaries to send medicul dent Reosevelt and of ful since it gave the Japanese a table near the door stood half supplies to them.
the Chungting
the Lord
calls for money for medical aid.
I hesitated
needed front where it was complete hold of
MOEL. Suddenly a soldier jumped to his feet But it has been possible to mountains and also the Yellow star a dozen half-filled hottles, a pair the medicine, for it was not at the Mayor of London, who had issuea ascertain this: the Nazis are crossings leading to Sheryl and Ho-of black native scissors, a few These men had seen more of bomb-Suddenly a so
nan provinces and wiped out some rolled bandages, and some small ing planes and ammunition from my
From
"Long live Llod Mayo of London! a country than they had seen medical attempting what they call a
squares of gauze. of the best Chinese divisions. four-pronged offensive aiming The Chinese admitted the Chung- dusty rafter hung a big wad of supplies. But, I thought, when men Long live Llosevelt!"
local cotton. An Ho out to die you say things to en-
courage them. What encourages men The entire company shouted after at Leningrad and Moscow. The tino mountains were evacuated but unwashed
Inter said the defeat was not as bad army dresser sometimes reached most at such a moment as this? So him. blitzkrieg against Leningrad as it sounded,
If the Japanese, consolidate their up, took a bit of the cotton, I told them of that which I thought
that they "Lang live the The slogan comes from two principal points
their fighting. leader had forgotten the nomes of -Murmansk in the far north hold it will give them, for the first dipped it in a small bowl of would make them feel
I con- the organisations I had, mentioned, so time in the war, complete control of liquid, and washed the wound of were not alone in
ave not done enough," have "We to which Leningrad is connected Shansi province which is the key to one of the men lying on the cluded, "but we have tried to do he hesitated and then added: "All floor. Then he took a bit of something. I shall tell what I have the people in the world who are our by a main railway, and from Estonia, Latvia and the north-steam-roller movement such as gauze and a bandage and bound seen here, how you look and fight, friends!" ern border of White Russia. was the case in Poland, France the wound. He did not wash and of the spirit that moves you to On off the blood that had caked on continue fighting until your country
is free."
The commander smiled proudly, There are also two chief lines and the Low Countries.
The men saluted and sat down turned to me, and said: "We nust of attack in the offensive their own admission the in- the man's neck and face. •
again and remained silent for some now move up." against Moscow; one from the vaders have been held back at
time. Then a slow murmur came centre of White Russin (the many vital points-especially
from them. They were talking to
a
war
A
*
"Salute!" he shouted, and all the
arosc and naluted.
They Minsk area) and the other vital to them, for unless these Marching feat beyond the mud hut each other. "What are they say men through Bessarabia and the can be secured,. their armies in
disturbed me, and I turned to see s ing?" I asked the commander, and he shouldered their packs and rides and Ukraine.
other areas, although gaining sine of grey figures passing, with turned and said to them: "She wants were ready. They began to march. Another point also. appears to local successes, may find them-rifles and picks. I went slowly, out to know what you are saying Soon With a heart heavy with misery I Soon they halted, removed their soldier arose, stood stifly with his marched with them up into the emerge; that the Nazi blitzkrieg, selves completely cut off. viewed in the light of the The indications are that the packs, sat down, and rested their hands at his sides, and sald, foolding ravine. On the crest of a riso the achievements scored by previous Germans, in line with the rest rifles between their knees. Two of directly at me: "We would like to commander sakt: "Do not come similar German offensives, has of the world, underestimated them went away and brought back a know why your country sells 'planes forther!" I took his hand, shook my big wooden bucket of boiled water,
silence. The raving grew dark, and material,
with." been
comparative failure the
fighting and soon' alf had drunic. This was and ammunition to Japan to kill us head, and together we walked in
-ngain he 'halled and said: "Go back Good-bye. against Russla.. Successes have ability and staff leadership of a company of troops moving up to been attained, for instance the the Soviets. Hitler's latest ad- the battlefield, and this was their Inst
So, I thought, they are hard-head- I stepped to the side and the men overruning of Russia's incor- venture has already proved stop for rest
I went towards them, and their ed men! They face the eternal veri- marched past me, cicli ono turning They were like porated States of Estonia, terribly costly, and if Russian Latvia and Lithuania, the ad- morale can be maintained and commander arose quickly and salut, tles. They are men of the earth, not his face to me.
of fine theories. To them I answer ahadows as they passed, and I reach- vance through White Russin, her military and political chicfeed. He came up and wo.talked. and the thrusts made in some continue to use sound judg-Wo are going up," he sld, will ed: "I can only tell you that there ed out and touched them. Then they for you and against you, and that figures blended with the darkness. parts of Beasarabia and the ment, the Nazi regime may yet you say something? We have half are people in every country who are were all gone, and I stood until their hooo against you sell war materials Somewhere in the hills a shell burat machine guns hammared Ukraine. But evidenco is lack- dig its own graveyard in the an hour here."
The commander uttered a com- to your enemies. They make inoney and ing to show that after 10 days flelds and plains of the western the Nazis have achieved a Soviet Union.
Imand, and all the soldiers arose and out of death." They are few but Misery overwhelmed me,
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