Tuesday,
HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
June 17, *1941
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COMPTON-RANK-On June 14,
1941, in England, Charles Ronald Edmund, Royal Navy, son of Mr and Mrs A. 1. Compton, Long- rlage, Hongkong, to Patricia, youngest daughter of the late Mr Rowland Rank and of Mrs Rank, Aldwick; Sussex.
The
"If the Governor read my letter to the paper the other day, this thing could have been entirely avoided!"
German People
Grow
Apathetic
By Beverley Baxter, M.P.
to
Hitler is worried, and ous would enter Germany and puzzled by the present at- lay the country waste in nega- titude of the German people, of the friendliness and good tived by the oxisting memories
That is the consensus of humour of the British Army of opinion of four neutral ob- occupation after the last war. servers who have recently Goebbels has had to admit left the Reich after a close the Fuehrer that hatred is not study of conditions there. what it was in the armoury of
Nazi weapons. They have correlated their The signing of the Lenso und reports and placed them at Lond Bill by Roosevelt has also the service of the authorities had a depressing effect. There in London.
is no village in Germany that Hitherto the leaders of Ger. has not some connection with have prepared their citizens of German origin in the many people for war by an intensive U.S.A. The Republic of America campaign of hatred against has always been a vision of in- their intended' victim and then, dustrial power and vast wealth when the war begins, keeping to the German people and the up the hatred pressure at an virtual declaration of war by ever increasing rate. Now, that mighty nation has added the deepening however, Hitler's propaganda materially to chiefs are finding that they are gloom. not able to sustain their early- successes in emotional extra- cording to the neutral obser- vors, is the next factor which vagance.
The British Air Force, ac-
The attempt to put over is worrying Goebbels. Oddly "Butcher" Churchill as a baby enough it is not the inevitable killer has failed. The sugges- casualties among civilinns that tion that the English if victori- worries the German people but
the fact that the British pilots.
Mussolini's
White Elephant
ON May 9, 1936, to the accompaniment of tu- Hongkong Telegraph. multuous vivas" from the
Tuesday, June 17, 1941. Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20015
bears the indication UP is received in
THE prefix "Special to the Telegraph" It used by the "Hongkang Telegraph. to indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommunit- cations Ordinance, 1920, Bach ROWI AS
Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbid republications, either wholly or in part without previou arrangement.
What Italy has lost, in Money, Labour and Human Life, from Her Occupation of Abyssinia. By PETER MATTHEWS ·
go through any barrage to reach their objective. The workers in the factories are showing a sharp fall in pro- |ductive capacity.
The four observers agree that the people in the Third Reich are not defeatist and show no tendency to turn against the Fuchrer. Thoy have simply rench E
subnormal condition which nothing is able to change. One of the observers, a scientist, attributes this to the poor quality of the food over the last six years which is now having its effect
Roman populace, Mussolini called upon the Italian
This is the unanimous opinion of the four men: "The German people to "salute, after 15
had fallen out of the world led the sens was bound to mean centuries, the reappearance market for platinum, and a the complete isolation of Italian people as a whole seem to be- lieve neither, in victory nor de of the Empire upon the foreign company which had East Africa from imported sup- feat. They are tired and dis- faithful hills of Rome." kept an agent in Addis Ababa plies except in so far as an oc-pirited and would like the war to purchase Abyssinian platin- casional aeroplane might reach He had begun his speech, de um decided that there was no it from Libya, or a merchant- raves and complains about in- brought to an end. Hitler livered at the zenith of the reason for retaining him. man might find a way through power and prestige of Fascism,
Meanwhile the prospecting the blockade and gain Moga- gratitude but the fine edge of propaganda has been blunted by declaring: "The fate of for minerals which had been dishu, Abyssinia is sealed to-day, the carried out under
by too much use. The depres- Against the eventuality of sion of Germany constitutes one Ninth of May in the year XIV. peror's orders by highly quall war with Great Britain, stocks of Hitler's most serious pro- of the Fascist Era."
fied foreign experts had proved of petrol, of mechanised trans-blems." Five years later, ng the
exceedingly discouraging.
port and spares and of civil and'
the Em-
Italian East Africa.
RUSSIA, THE ENIGMA RUSSIA, the enigma of 'world Italian people must be ponder- Undeterred by these dis military supplies of every kind politics during the past three ing whether they may dare even quieting signs, the Italians dis- had to be accumulated. For most. of the important towns of years again comes startlingly to plan to celebrate a further closed, with no little publicity, the reception of these stores to the forefront of the interna- birthday of the second Roman the departure in 1987 of an im- only one railway, that from Roads That Have Helped tional political canvas as reports Empire that may have finally posing mission of Italian and Jibuti to Addis Ababa, was accumulate, firstly of an anti-foundered before the anniver German scientists and prospec available, and the payment of struction of these roads was to Ironically enough, the con- cipated split with her strange/sary date is reached, Mussolini's tors to explore Abyssinia's freight rates to the French com prove one of the vital factors, words remain equally true, possibilities. The contrast be pany which owned the line and a mere five years later, contri- partner, Germany, then an
though it is in a very different tween the flamboyant announce of the harbour dues at Jibuti, buting to the speed with which alleged. new economic agree- ment, and now mobilisation-ginia is sealed."
sense that "the fate of Abya- ment of the mission's departure in French Somaliland, meant an Abyssinia's liberation was to be
and the modest references later unwelcome strain the latter presumably with the
on Italy's accomplished. intention of preparing to with-
to its return suggested that its foreign exchange. New El Dorado.
One fact is very striking. stand a military assault by the
findings merely substantiated A-large part of the material Graziani's Southern Army took Nazis. In
lost the conclusions which the Em- imported went by road over the from Oct. 5, 1935, to April 30, What the. background
has Mussolini stands Sir
Stafford Cripps, through the crumbling of his peror's experts had previously 700 miles from Asmara to Ad- 1936, to advance from the fron British Ambassador to Moscow, short-lived East African Em- reached.
dis Ababa. The lorries had to tier of Italian Somaliland to whoso hurried return to London, hig conversations with Mr Anthony Eden and the report that he will not return to Russin because he feels that he has
MARCONIPHONE, ALL WORLD RADIO "failed in his mission," all tond
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SCHI
One thing stands clearly; Germany is
un-
:
a
provide both European
In
success
The bullding of all these roads and
the recapture of Addis Ababa,
D
pire? I put this question to an Of late years Italian propa- return empty for fresh loads. Dagabur. This operation was Englishman who for years has had first-hand experience of gandists have talked less about The consumption of petrol must Inter to take our Imperial forces a matter of a few, wecks only. was the country's mineral wealth have been enormous. answer Abyssinin. His
Natives' Revenge
By far the greater part of the. brief and to the point. "A and more about its vast agricul-
180,000 Italian non-combatants white elephant," he tural potentialities. But, what-
If Abyssinia was to be ex- said to be in the country were stolen
ever these might be, it was clear to heighten the drama which is called it.
To the masses of the Italian that they could be developed ploited economically, the first there labouring on road building now going on in eastern Europe. But what all this portends is still people, the Ethiopian empire only when law and order had necessity was the establishment and other public undertakings appeared as an unexploited El been established and the form of order and of a sound and ef- from which Italy was destined
administration. guesswork.
Here to reap so few advantages. the Italians were handicapped Dorado awaiting development, dable problem of communica- fective out
A German woman journalist, tions tackled. prepar
sent out under Fascist auspices By May, 1936, the Italians by a lack of men with ex- the establishment of telegraph and ing to attempt another coup.
to "write up" the new posses had succeeded in driving back perience of colonial govern- telephone services represented"
colossal investment of capital and What form it will take con
labour. But it has never yielded-the declared in
sion, mentioned reports that the Emperor's forces to Addis ment.
Eritrea, which hardly be
Was Italians any dividend.
On the con- East Africa. would provide Ababa and in compelling him to equivocal terms at the moment, homes for 5,000,000 white set- leave., Bat the area of Abys- colonised before the advent of trary, it wonkened their chances of achieved restance when the British Imperial but there are indications that
tlers by 1940, but she thought sinio under effective Italian oc- Fascism, they had
as colonial ad- troops were making their many- she is either dissatisfied with it prudent to warn her readers cupation was still only a small m the help she is receiving from that theso assumptions must be fraction of the total area of a ministrators. But the teach. pronged advance that culminated in Russia and intends to secure "treated with reserve."
country equal in size to France inga of Fascism, with the cm-
phasis laid upon the govern- Strategic Liability more either by forco or negotia-
It was anticipated that a and Germany combined. tion, or that Hitler, supremely country with such a wide range
The country's primitivo econ- ment of people by force rather What the extent of this Italian confident of his military might, has decided to rid himself of the of climate and altitudes would omy had been disorganised by than by consent, were the worst investment was it is impossible to and the passage of mountain and possible preparation for the calculate with any exactress. But a few figures may give some indication shackles which have bound him tropical crops in abundance. forest lent themselves to gueril rulers of subject native races.
The difficulties were increased of its magnitude. The total weight to his arch enemy Communism. Gold and platinum were already la activities; and the task of
of cargo unloaded at Italy's Enst The alternatives are, in fact, being produced in some small keeping open hundreds of miles by the Government's policy of African ports in 1938 was 1,053,000 complementary, the accomplisli- measure there, and it was be of vital communications ab copying its Libyan model and metric tons, or more than treble the ment of which appears to be a lieved that prospectors would sorbed forces which might settling Italian immigrants on total of 313,000 tons exported from natural corollary to Hitler's con- discover other valuable mineral otherwise have been used to ex- the most fertile land available, tailan East Afri
between the value of quest of eastern and south-
of the Italian from which the natives had A com exporis is; even more
Imports and resources. There were even tend the area
been expelled. The dispossessed striking. Exports from Italian East eastern Europe.
hints that there might be oil in occupation. Germany's liaison with Russin considerable quantities.
But the Italians were beset Abyssinians withdrew to the Africa for 1038 were valued by the was never more than a dramatic
Disappointed Pioneers with other problems than the mountains and forests, and re- Fascist authorities at 101,000,000 lire, display of opportunism, representing
purely military problem of venged themselves by frequent the value of Imports, at 2,477,000,000 Thus, whilst Italy was pouring sup personal, if shallow triumph for
But the optimistic estimates maintaining these communica- raide, upon these new Italian re, was more than 12 times as great.
plies Ribbentrop and a loss of face on the
Into the country, exports from fostered in Italy were by no tions and of garrisoning towns villages.
The task of providing the it were practically negligiblGuyssinia part of Britain and her then
ally France. Russia, however, probably means endorsed by independent and points of strategic impor
And the made mere out of the bargain than experts. In 1984 two foreign tance. They had to face the country with a modern road
as witness first her
companies had been tempted by necessity of carrying out a vast system was taken in hand ns was rendered more difficult by the
provisions
whereby merchants were bloodless guins in Poland and her the high price of gold to begin programme of road building and soon as the conquest of 1935 allowed to send stop in to fenly only it subsequent control of the Baltic States at comparatively small cost. operations in the country, but other public works. The great began. Early in March, 1986, they could obtain foreign exchange Hitior is not a man to be content these proved so unprofitable obstacle to the exploitation of when that campaign had been by exporting to non-Italian countries flvo Events have shown that Mussolint's with the lesser part of a
only as were avail- in progress for bargain especially if it is obtained at higher that they were soon abandoned such resources
ex- able was the almost entire lack months, there were said to be white elephant was a strategie
bility of the. Arst order—and, worse and the fact that Bussia pended to no purpose.
after £50,000 had been
of modern communications and 20,000 Italians engaged on road, sill, the unthankful beast vital parts of southeastern
proved Europe which Hitler desires--which In 1986, again, the bottom the vast distances which goods building in Southern Abyssinia be blessed with a Gargantuan
had to be transported before alone. One estimate puts the polite MALWA
It is doubtful whether Italy would they reached the ports on the length of roads so far completed. Stain nothing more than a scrap of intriguing possibilities. Attempts Red Sea and the Italian Ocean as in excess of 12,500 miles, have derived any benefit from her new Empire even if the Dure bad not paper. Thus, it is not inconceivable are being made to separate the for trans-shipment to Italy, about one-fifth of which are committed the folly of making an that Germany and Russle will go to economie and political issues between war, for Russia; connot afford to Germany and Russia, but history has
surfaced with tarmacadam. enemy of a Power in control of the concede too much to Germany, and shown how impossible this is.
Sea Power The rond net spread out like a reas. But one thing is certain. certainly not to give up the Ukraine,tusta concedes her economie ad-To those two formidable tasks spider's web from the high Italy's gigantic Investment in Abys her control of the Black Sea, ber vantages she has to all intents and Italian foreign policy in its plateau on which Addis Ababa alla in the form of capital, labour strategic hold on Poland and her ill-¦ purposes, sold hor political soul; it
yleld a dividend, and now the chance gotten gains in the Balue,
she is unwilling to do Dal, war is the blindness added a third, War stands, linking the capital with and human life never even began to Tho altuation 3 fraught with most likely result..
against a Power which control- Asmara, with Jibuti, and with of it doing so has passed, reg
cost, possessen
are, in fact, essential to his war needs makes his present pact with
I
J
Africa
to