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THE prefix "Special to the Telegraph" is used by the Hongkong Telegraph to Indicate tows which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommunt rations Ordinance, 1910. Such nowa ks bears the indication "UP“ fi received in flongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who ras
elther wholly or in part without preylou arrangement
June 16,
1941
If Americans would preserve their freedom, the question before them is not, "Shall America Fight?" but...
WHEN
SHALL
AMERICA FIGHT?
Recently I returned to this country (United States) after six weeks in England no a mem ber of a scientific mission con- cerned with matters of national defence the national defence of. the United States. My official work has been completed, and I wish to make it perfectly plain that, speaking as a private citizen, I am expressing only my own personal views this after
noon.
:
By
JAMES E. CONANT
This is the text of a nation-wide broadcast given recently by the Pre-. sident of Harvard University, who succeeds in clarifying a vitally im- portant issue.
after blockade,
another
dom and then let another nation The Conclusion
Dr Conánt
qualitative superiority will bo cgm- bined with an overwholining weight of numbers. There will then rest with the British control of the air, which brings with it the power of Iarge scale daylight bombing from Jow
altitudes. Without control of the scas, and helpless in the air, Ger- many will face defeat.
of
But
course of more than a
Evil Fire
I am arguing for immediate action. During the year just pussed tively, let us imagine that the liberty, the front line which de- Whatever course we, Lake, we face I have frequently voiced my months, has reduced
Bix fends our freedom, to be slowly bitter days ahead. Terrible and de- Grent weakened by an ever-tightening vastating an war is, slavery and no- Conviction that the present war Britain's military effectiveness blockade.
The British powers if we fight now, we may greatly shor
tional degradation are worse evils. is in essence a struggle for free to the point where invasion of resistance are being gravely ten the trials through which we as dom qad that therefore the out- becomes possible. This contin- endangered as long as we do a nation shall have to pass. come is of vital concern to every gency is not remote.
maintain unimpaired the line of whether we fight now or later, I am citizen of this country. I have
In either case would the supply the bridge of boats. confident that the American people can endure hardships and suttering been one of those who have United States then take the And as we delay, Germany is and still stay free. To nasume that. persistently advocated this na- view that the subsequent history gaining additional power which under the stress of war we shall dea- tion's taking all steps necessary of the war was no affair of must prolong the struggle. If troy our form of government, to secure the defeat of the
ours? Would we sit idly by she, has an overwhelming vic- plunge our land into social chaos is Axis powers-all steps, not ex- and see Hitler in command of Lory in the near East, she will to deny the virility of our birthright.
During the cluding active belligerency. I
not have won the war. But hundred and fifty years we have the Atlantic Ocean? Would we every additional victory by the evolved a unique form of society on Hongkong Telegraph.shall not this afternoon stato
again the reasons which led me accept the threat to our inde- Nazi forces makes our task that this continent. It is worth preserv
ing. As never before in human to this stand. Nor shall I raise Pendence in this hemisphere much harder, the road which we history, a whole nation has declared without struggle? Or would must travel that much longer as its ideal a democratic republie a question that might well dis- furb our souls the question we finally in a last desperate when our choice is made. From which knows no class distinction. As whether we in the United States freedom join our forces to the may well menn at least four all the people irrespective of heredi- effort to defend the cause of now on each month we delay never before in the history of man- kind we have furnished education to can with a good conscience pro- British fleet?
months added to the war.
tary privilege. Such a social order claim this war a fight for free-
But to all these arguments is worth defending. there is one fast reply some do the fighting. Rather I shall To ask these questions is to defeatists will put forward. urge that considering only the answer them. According to a They say, "The case is hopeless. We long for an opportunity peace- best interests of a free United recent Gallup poll, nearly 71 per Even if we join forces with fully to develop still further the lin servo nil fights and forbid republications, States the hour for action is at cent of the American people are Great Britain to-morrow, the auction of the fundamental plun
sophy our nation. But can penca hand.
prepared to have the United war cannot be won."
Is this for a free country be maintained On returning to this country States become a naval belliger- view correct? Or may we have in the present world without a strug- I have been amazed by one point ent rather than let the British confidence that, given time, the gle? Already we can feel the wither
ing heat from the of view which I have heard lose. Can anyone doubt what Axis powers may be decisively Nazi tyranny across the seas. Until furnace of the TO-DAY marks the end of the frequently expressed. Some in the poll would be on the issue defented? In short, can We the source of this evil fire in quench- first year of Hongkong's Bomber telligent people seem to believe of sharing with the Axis powers win the war?
no free people can prosper or endure. Shall we take up arms and Fund, and it is most gratifying that this war may be ended by control of the Atlantic Ocean
Britain's Power defend our independence In this to know that as at noon 011 a negotiated peace. That is to and the two Americas?
The conclusion seems to me
the basis of our free in- Saturday last, the total had say that Hitler and the British
of ite? Or inevitable. Unless we are gently one must realiso the full shall we bow timidly before the on- reached the sum of $2,190,631.26 may sit down at a council table willing to yield the control of significance of the great air battles rush of foreign power which spurns and £100. When the Fund was and make an adjustment which this hemisphere to the Axis of last fall, Great Britain won those and ridicules every moral principle started on Monday, June 17, will end the war. This iden to
this country must battles a splio of numerical In- we hold dear? I have no question 1940, the response was almost anyone who has lately been in sooner or later fight. Unless feriority because of technical supe- as to the final answer, for the final riority. This has been made plain by outcome of the battle. Once the overwhelming. Within the England seems bitterly fan- the United States is prepared expert writers. But the full mean- American people come to grips with short space of one week, over a
to shape its philosophy to that of the victory is not everywhere the issu
Issue which confronts them, understood. The advantage million dollars were subscribed,
Uncertain Hour of tho totalitarian states
which en- this land. ranging from the munificent
through a pact of mutual unde sunfire, pilots and vantage in speed, have no question as to the unity of abled the Royal Air Force to defeat In my opinion, strategy demands donations of tens of thousands, We are living in a dark and standing, we shall eventually be the Nazi air armadas still les with we fight to-morrow, honour and self to the humble, but nevertheless uncertain hour of human his forced to defend our freedom by the British Byers. There is every interest that we fight before the Bri- welcome "widows" mites."tory. Prophecy, as never be acts of war. The isolationists reason to believe this technical ad- tish Isles are lost. But whether we
vantage can be Since that time, there has been fore, is
maintained: and fight to-morrow or on a later day, we a risky enterprise. are living in a world of wishful when the factories of the United shall before long close our ranks and a steady flow of contributions, Nevertheless. I venture one pre- thinking when they imagine the States reach full production, this night to win. and recently, some of the diction. No British government struggle may soon be over. If larger contributions of a year that could possibly come to we would preserve our freedom, ago, have already been repeated. power will make peace with the question before us is not: The wholehearted support re- Hitler. No British government "Shall America Fight?"- The ceived from H.M. Forces, and could consider a compromise question before us is: "When the Hongkong Police Force have peace. Because the people of Shall America Fight?"
-I believe we ̈should-fight now. been especially gratifying, while Great Britain know that such a the majority of Clubs and peace would mean the eventual For while there seems little
enslavement
chance that the English island of every man, will be immediately overrun,
THE BOMBER FUND
tastic.
woman and child upon their when island.
Associations have all added their quota. The splendid contributions from the Hongkong Jockey Club call for special mention, especially when it is remembered that the Jockey Club has given liberally to other British and Chinese Funds. Thero nd Chinese Funds the are also Colony who have given to an extent which "must have burt" and their unselfish and patriotic examples would surely inspire others.
powers,
there is another critical danger before us-on the Atlantic
I can add my testimony to Ocean. This la the threat that of the many other observers whose magnitude is not under-
more
To discuss this question intelli-
ed, no
of our
Way
CONTRACT How to Play
BRIDGE
AND
How to Win
Bŷ JOSEPHINE CULBERTSON
Defence Against a Throw-in Play
the
a
ro-
who have reported on the morale stood by these who still oppose IT is not dimcult for the defenders ace, hence there was no indication
In all the full employment of our
up as to to perceive that they are of the English people.
position of the spade walks of life their spirit is mag- Navy. This វ៉ន the
threat against an elimination and throw-in queen. Perhaps West should have nificent. To outlive night after which calls for early and drastic play. Their enemy, the declarer, made a better guess, but the fact
makes this fact obvious. by "clean- mains that he could not solve the night an Indiscriminate rain of action.
Ing up one or two suits, prepara- problem to his own satisfaction and It does not actually matter to what bombs affects profoundly the We have been told publicly by tory to forcing a lead in another finally put up the spade iding in the "War Effort" donations are made, as
Mark high government officials of the sult. Often there can be no success- hope that his partner had the heart long as como sacrifice is made by all spirit of a free people.
heart could be of us. The "Bomber" Fund owes its carefully, I said a free people. gravity of the situation. War ful defense against these tactics, but queen and that
In a hand such as to-day's all that taken for the setting trick. This, For the vast majority of the materials and food must be is necessary is for bath defenders to however, was not to be. On a heart success to the aggressive desire of so
return from West, declarer many people to see Germany paid population night bombing has delivered on English shores. remain alert."
ducked back in her own coin, and by giving brought a stiffened determina- The blockade by the German U-
in dummy and won with the queen, to this Fund, the British Government
then took another heart finesse to There boats, raiders and air force has can entertain no doubt as to what tion to fight to the end.
the A-J. The result would have been the same if West, after win- action the people of the Empire is no mood for compromise in been all too effective;
damaging perhaps than we have
ning desire. Germany must be thrashed,
with the Britain.
spade. Declarer and thrashed heartily, and the best
yet been told. Our best hope
would have discarded heart from way to carry out this desire is to Counsel Of Despair of avoiding later battle against
dummy while ruffing in his own bomb her and to repeat the bomb-
hand, then would have taken a sim- But our friends in the. Isola- desperate odds is to become a ings, until her people recoli from the
ple heart finesse against the king. punishment they so richly deserve. tionist camp tell us that even naval belligerent now. It is not
It was East who was largely re- for allowing this slam to Tribute is paid to all those who without a negotiated pence the too late.. But the hour for nc- tion has clearly struck. I be
spons. His be
play of the spade have supported the Fund, but, un-
three on declarer's ace had been ex fortunately, it has to be recorded that only to stand aside and let Eng-lieve the nation is ready to join
tremely short-sighted, Ha should there are many people enjoying the
have reollaed that it might be fatal blessings of Peace in Hongkong, with land be over-run. Then the war the fight for freedom now,
for West to win the next spade lead very little, if any, interruption in will end. To all who hate and Only One Right Way
since he would then have to lead ́a heart. It was vital that the heart lead, if made by the defenders, Pass
should come from the East hand Pass Pass PASE through declarer. Thus, East should
ed
war will soon be over.
We have
Rubber bridge. South dealer.
Neither side vulnerable.
AJ4 VAJZ 0.53
QJ10542
AK 10 8 0
52
N VK 1073 WE
$
4073
V985 OKJ 108 743.
AQG
AK986. The bidding: South West North
4NT
East 30
Poss
the
0
ride
their normal mode of living and en- despise the philosophy of the Every sensible man and wo joying iffe, who have as yet failed to totalitarian states, this is a man in the United States wishes realise that some sacrifice is call
called for on the part of everyone. It is black counsel of despair. It is to see this frightful war end as Indeed astonishing that any man or strange, indeed, to contrast the soon as possible. In the opin- woman who can afford to assist in calm confidence under fire of the lon of the vast majority of us North-South were using the Cul- have grasped the opportunity to play the common cause, can bo parsimonious as to dodge the issue, British people with the defeatism there is only one right way to bertson 4-5 Notrump Convention, the spade seven on the fret round Nevertheless, such do exist, which one hears in this country, have it end-by the defeat of but in this case North misused it, of the sult, thereby begging West to.
His free three club bld had repre- let people
next, splade lead and words cannot be minced when country far removed from Hitler and his allice. I believe sented a stretch in itself, hence it to East. Obviously, West would criticising them. It is impossible to the realities of war.
that this is not only the right was carrying things a bit too far to have been gland to obey orders and, discover an excuse, for neither
Dor
with East winning the accond spada. Leaving aside the question of way to have it end, but the only make an honest, positive response to with the queen and returning a heart, ed. England is up against it, and the whether or not such an attitude way it can end,. For as I have South's four notrump bld. The Ave the contract could not have been ance nor forgetfulness can be
plead
heart response, showing the ace, whole Empire sinies or swims accord does credit to the spirit of a already explained, I do not forced a slam, and North scarcely fulfilled, ing to her measure of resistance. Her free and self-respecting nation, think the British will make had the values for this action. How- people have been blasted out of I believe the basis of the argu- peace. And, in the ovent that aver, with a little help from the op- South dealer. homes, borcaved and maimed, they still stand united, defont, and ment to be wrong. It is founded the British should lose their is ponents, determined to see this ghastly bust-
land, I do not believe the Ameri- beautifully. on the assumption that we would can people will permit Hitler to West opened the singleton dia- -through. to the bliter end, ነገሮቻ matter what the sacrifice; no mattor lot England fall, the British control the Atlantic Ocean. mond. Declarer won with the what the sultering, it is encourage fleet surrender, and make no Sooner or later we must enter queen, drew trumps in two rounds ing to them to know that the Empire move. Let us imagine that this war as an activo, belliger ruffed a diamond in dummy, Ha...
then cashed the diamond ncé and wishes to share in the sacrifice, and moreover, is tremendously proud, it after sudden display of ent. A successful invasion of then saddened, by their herolam,
technical as well as numerical Great Britain in my opinion and the space four to, the ce
A and returned the spade nine. To-morrow starts the second year superiority in the air, the Ger- would not terminate the strug- this point West found himsoft in a of the Bomber Fund.. Why, not look- mans do succeed in finally in gle, but rather remove the no- terrible dilemma. From his point of upon it as the dawn of a New Year, yading England. To be sure tion to our shores, und resolve to exercise some self- denlal for the sake of our Colony, our Empire and our future?
their
no
8
this neome to me an extremely In the meantime wo remoto possibility. Or alterna- allowing the outposts of
To-morrow's Hand
`everything turned out
Match-point duplicate, Both sides vulnerable.
4954. MADE 0 10853
AK 1080
2 842
N WEL
00742 AQ0
A78 DAKJ
J108
J.1078
How should this hand be bids
view, declarer's original holding might have been A-Q-9 of spades and a low doubleton in hearts. East our had played the spade three on the
are