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HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
April 23, 1941.
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DEATH
EDWARD-On April 22, 1841, at
Struan Private Hospital, Sydney. Australia, Kathleen Pamela, dearly beloved wife of D. 3. Edward, P.W.D., Hongkong. (By cable),
The
This old saint, whose life and death are commemorated every April 23, and who is the hero of a legendary adventure with a dragon (whereby he rescued a captive lady), has had a great and widespread influence on the
Hongkong Telegraph. patriotism, religion, and chivalry
Wednesday, April 23, 1941.
Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 26515
of Christian nations. In the Middle Ages prince and peasant, soldier and civilian, priest and layman regarded him as their defender and friend. Though a
To-day, Englishmen in Hongkong join with their compatriots all over the world in honour- ing the name of their PATRON SAINT. Eng- land, the home of the noble culture
civilisation that has croated the British Col
an
monwealth of Nations, stands to-day for a ideal, which all lovers of freedom are valiantly seeking to guard and protect from the evil forces of perverted ideologies.
not surprising that King Richard re- correctly. Or It may be that Christ- built his church at Lydda, and that Inns confounded him with Michael, Edward II. made him the Patron- who is stated in Scripture to have fought against the dragon, that "old Saint of England.
which
These stories of the marvellous serpent, the Devil" (Rev. xil. 7); or
perttups, DB Milner suggests, the fol power of St George,
were lowers of the
the cult mixed him up with spread by the Crusaders on their way the back from the Holy Land, contri- Constantine, who in B
bus-relief in buted enormously to his cult in Eng was represented as holding the
the church at Lydda bon- land. At the battle of Antioch, ner of the Cross and standing on a according
to Peter of Tudebod, the dragon or serpent. There seems to Turks rushed out on the Crusaders be a dragon in the story of every trom all sides, and wounded large race the myths of Apollo, Perseus, numbers. Then suddenly there and Crishna, are all legends of a emerged from the mountains a vast "Drachenfels." Our own immortal army mounted on white horses and John Bunyan, in his "Pilgrim's Pro- carrying wh
white standards. They gress, represents Christian as fight- were the auxillaries of Christ, under ing against Apollyon and overcoming the generalship of St George, St him.
Theodore, and St Demetrius. A In the same natural way we mny similar army of angels, one hundred account for St George's TESCUC of thousind strong, appeared when the "Princess" Alexandra from the Crusaders were attacking Jerusalem, dragon. This legend also appears In Led by St George, who wore white numerous engravings and paintings. armour with a red cross upon it, In Raphael's famous picture, for in- they sculed the walls successfully and stance, which this artist painted for captured the city (July 15th, 1000.) the Duke of Urbino, and
พบ As the old French version statest offered to Henry VIII. of England, Li vesques de Maltian a ser destre St George is mounted on a white
gorde,
horse and pierces the monster with Et voit me compaigne qu! cheval- his innce, while the "Princess" on her
chent serre,
Was
knees implores the help of Heaven, Et volt blen qu'il estoient plus de General currency was given to this
C mil arme.
story by Jacobus de Voragine (13th'
ST GEORGE
Facts and Legend
XHF prenx "Special to the Telegraph" native of Palestine, many looked By the Rev. J. W. Jack, D.D.
i used by the "llongkong Teizgraph" to
indicate news which is strictly copyright on him as an Englishman. They
under the provisions of the Telecommun formed guilds of St George, re- of Jaffa), where he was born, and
entions Ordinance, 1938. Buch nLEWE, RE bears the Indication "Up" is received in
serve all rights and forbid repúblications,
arrangement.
remains. When he suffered martyr-
century), the Archbishop of Genoa,
from
Value Of St George
14
In his famous "Golden Legend," one of the Arst books printed by Caxton in 1403, and the legend naturally During the twelfth century these spread everywhere, for it appealed Trongkong on the date of publication by joiced with great festivity on his where a church was built over his marvellous events became the subject directly to the chivalry of the feudigl the United Press Associations, who refeast day, and painted him on om is unknown, but it was prob- of numerous ballads and troubadour is nothing but a symbol of George's lords in all countries. Probably, it either wholly or in part without previous many tavern signboards. Even ably during the reign of Decius songs, and in this way received many victory over paganian. The young yet he occupies an important (240 A.D.), one of the most severe fresh secretions. It should be re "Princess" no doubt represents either persecutors of Christianity. The cir- membered that such appearances of the province of Lydon, which his WAKE UP HONGKONG I
position in the Church calendar, cumstances of his torturing and celestial armies, with white-clad sol example and protection had delivered second only to that held by the death, as Wallis Budge states, mardiers on white horses, were not new the Christian Faith
the idolatrous King Dadlanus, have been of a very unusual char- TUNBRIDGE Wells is a town apostles.
acter, otherwise his name would not or startling to Eastern people, whose general, of which he was such a cour- in southwest Kent. It has a Within the last few years it has have continued to live in legend and ancestors for two thousand years had ageous soldier. Very abundant in population of approximately 36,- and hagiographers that our western
come to be recognised by Orientalists fable for so many centuries."
belleved in the miraculous interven- the world's literature are these alngu- These few facts we have mention- tion of God in battle. Even the stars lur and charming legends of a deadly
monster and victorious man. 000,-a considerable percentage versions of his history and martyr. ed are the only historie ones on which in their courses COPTRIGHT
are sald to have we can found his Wife-history, and of which are middleclass small- dom are based on eastern texts of a they cannot be sold to come from fought against Sisera, and the Book town tradesmen,-no industries, much earlier date-Syriac, Coptic, early documents. The oldest martyr. of the Maccabees contains many
Arabic, and Ethiopic and that only ologlun known (A.D. 412), pre- similor stories. We are reminded of There have, of course, been many no big commercial concerns, pic-a study of the latter can reveal the served in the British-Museum, omits the legends and superstitions which theologians and scholars who have his name. The first mention of him occurred during the Great War-how have branded it as idolatrous, Martin objected to this cult of St George and turesque scenery, chalybente authentic facts of his history. Many occurs in the famous Decree of Pope the Maid of Orleans had been seen Lather, Tilenus, Melanchthon, Cra- springs, local rates of 8/10d in scholars, by thus examining the Gelasius and his council of seventy at the head of the French troops, and
original sources, have largely suc- two bishops, which was Issued
canthorpe, Calvin, and others con- the £, and income tax of ten ceeded in extricating the truth from Rome in 494. This decree forbade had been observed fighting side by glans
how angels in the guise of soldiers sidered it obnoxious. Some theolo- in their zeal, have gone the shillings in the £; in the course the tongue of legendary fiction with the reading of such fabulous histories side with the British army at Mons. length of denying George's existence, of one week recently il raised Herbert Thurston, John E Matzke, document, for it shows that, even
which it has become overgrown. as those of Cyriacus, Julitta,
and George, and thus a very important
and the great historian Edward Gib- Meaning Of The Dragon bon
bon did his character much harm, £510,244 (over HK$7,700,000) Krumbacher, J. B. Aufhauser, W. F. before the end of the fifth century,
confusing him apparently
tly with the in a special war effort.
Volbach, Dr G. F. Hill, Miss M. H. the story of George's martyrdom had story of the Dragon in St George's bore
It is not easy to account for the Arlan archbishop of Alexandria, who Bulley, Karl Kunstle, G. J. Moreus, become mixed .with impossible
same name. would have Hongkong is a highly prosper-Sir E. A. Wallis Budge, and others legends and crude fables,
history. In numerous vignelles and been better if these learned critics paintings he is represented as mount had taken the trouble rather to ous outpost of the British Em-have written exhaustively on the
ed on a white horse and spearing a the oriental versions, and to disen
study pire. It has a population of subject. The result is that no com-
hideous dragon. There seems noth-
in a calm petent authority now doubts that
in his riding on a ing unusual
horse It is on these few historic facts, and being armed with a nearly 2,000,000,-a percentage the evidence available goes to show drawn mostly from the
real historical George existed. All
spear or legendary absurdities which have original lance, for he is known to have been overlaid it. of which represent the world's that the legend in its oldest form Oriental versions, that all the extra-
After all the real fa wealthier classes, thriving in- contains the true history of a Chris vagant legends of St George have in sor
cavalry soldier, but he is described though twisted dustries, immensely successful than martyr, which was written by been built, and it is easy to see how with a senly body, frightful teeth, esting picture of an early Christian
and garbled some legends
ter choked with fable, give us an inter- as slaying a monster- commercial
for the information and the development took place. His cavernous jaws, fiery breath, terrible soldier, Christians institutions, pic-
who was persecuted and turesque scenery, local rates of instruction of the Christian Church. tomb would become an object of pil- claws, and forked wings and tail. martyred for his faith in
Christ. His 17 per cent, of the rateable value ber of legends of gods, heroes, and those who visited it would fancy seems to be that
On this history were grafted a num- grimage, and, as the years passed by, The only reasonable explanation memory deserves to be honoured, on
dragon was of property, a salaries tax, a supernatural beings, and the original themselves cured of certain diseases. King Dadianus, who tortured and de- cause his martyrdom symbolises the
this
account alone, and specially be- business profits tax (Inequitable form of the story was largely de- Every unusual thing that happened capitated him. Probably the writers fight of Truth against Error, Right in operation) and a properties stroyed in the process. Hence it has af it or in the church would be re- of his life felt that this pugan king's against Wrong, Good against Ev tax; in the space of ten months, Marcus says, "St George is ne more ous scribe who wrote his life would famous that only a representation of coming to Bnal issue upon this little come to pass that for most people, as garded as miraculous. The credul- treatment of St George was so in- the great war of a divided universe, Hongkong has contributed $1, then a name traditionally associated magnity, unintentionally perhaps, the a huge dragon could 847,200 in a special war effort with dragons."
portray, him world of ours, to purchase bombers,
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Real Facts
of
obtaining his father's
How Legends Aróse
events at the tomb, und would in- corporate all the local pious gossip and the imaginary stories of his powers. In this way, the
par
at-
thla
We
are
the
and
reasonable
Br 2 Work, the true story from
the
Prepared!
Extract from a Message by
And if this recital of com- parative facts does not make Hongkong heartily ashamed of the accretions of legend and fable, al hero, possessing all the powers
The simple facts, og separated from saint of Lydda soon become a itself, it is difficult to conceive are that George of Lydda, more com- tributed to gods and demi-gods, and anything that will. In fact, the mouly known us George of Cappa- in course of time was identified with comparison between the war shetk at Lydda in Palestine, who was Marduk and Tammuz of Babylonlo,
docin, was
was the only ton of a wealthy Moses, Elljah, Michael the Archangel, effort not only voluntary, but Christian and a provincial ruler Horus and Rn of Egypt, and other THE RT HON. LORD QUEENBOROUGH, G.B.E. compulsory-of the inland under the Romans. After
being
cing solar gods and heroes. watering spa of Tunbridge trained in athletics, he joined the The truth Is that he fought no Wells and the Empire jewel of local ariny, in which he distinguished
President of the Royal Society of St George himself by | Hongkong is so palpably to thell in military exercises. On of Christendom the scribes found it *** actual dragon, but as the great hero his boldness, and by his
..Beitain is prepared, and far from shrinking from the day or the diandvantage of the latter, that death of his father he approached essary to invent one for him. In night when armed men break the in early of our shores, is avid of that further comment is well nigh the Roman Governor with the this semi-divine character, as 4 hour. Germans may land; none will re-embark. They may come; they
soldier-saint superfluous.
but
excellence, the position, Of course, Tunbridge Wells, the fact that he was a Christian was "horseman of Christ," we can under may not return. For a German hat there can be no Dunkirk.
"On sen and in the air we have now superiority, if not of actual num- like a dozen of similar towns in viewed with intense disfavour, and stand how he came to appeal irre England, has been bloed in on refusing to offer sacrifice to the sistibly to Christians in every coun- kers, certainly of moral. On land, there has never been a doubt that, man-
pagan gods he was tortured,
life-history, though for-man, the Belton, be he native to these islands or a deferder sent from Nazi bombs, and that might eventually put to death. He was tails, and incredible miracles, wer
of absurd events, fantastic des the younger Bettain overseas, is superior to the German. There will not make a bit of difference to the buried at Lydda (Hebrew Lod, now attitude of its townsfolk con- Ludd, about fifteen miles south-east publicly read in the churches, under be here, as there was in France and the Low Countries, that heavier
the idea that it was conducive to
to weight of metal on which a German victory would depend. cerning the necessity of contri-
plety and edinention. This was the buting their maximum to the
case in England, as far back na the war effort. But does Hongkong Britain and her Empire, of which ferred to by the Venerable Bede in may well be that the most fierce tide of this war will drive Enal and South ever before in its history, seventh century, for his cult is re- yet again before putting all to the deadly test of such an attempt. It have to wait to know what real Hongkong is a part..
his Martyrology war is before it shakes itself out The example of the loyalty of came typy (0.730.) He be- East and that the grotesque humiliation of Signor Mussolini will compel of its self-satisfied, smug com-Tunbridge Wells to being duplicated dom, the Warrior of God is the Axis to pivut on that pole,
De- In every city, town and village in fender of the wro placency to make a just con- England to-day. Let Hongkong fol- of the oppressed, the Protector of sure defent for the Nazis, a defeat not inflicted without stern effort and tribution to the winning of the low that example. Those who can widows and orphans, and the Champ heavy loss to us, but a defeat certain and final. war? It is high time people ve, must give, until it really means ton of the poor and needy. He was "These, brave words imply, as all brave words must,, that no vigil-'. here stopped bleating about the need to them: then who are even rogarded as the Intercessor Wanco will be relaxed, no effort weakened. Of this we can be sure.. Mr
their duty and responsiblil- the Trinity, so that people every-
for concessions in tax payments, the
than
and
try, and how his
full
Patron-Salat of Christen-
wronged, the Deliverer
with
"But, it may well be that Herr Hitler and his'entourage will think
"If that be so, then the growing superiority of Britain....must spell
high cost of living, the strain of les anust be ruthlessly sought out where, on sen and land, besought Churchill's leadership grows in strength: not since the days of the younger keeping families in Australia, the hd made to honour their obligations. God's help in the name of St George, Pill has oro man commanded so full a loyalty. What few 'malcontents Injustices of this, and Inrounlities of Ollierwise Mr Winston Churchill's When the story was spread of how existed outside. ..have been converted to unity by the errors and horrors the other. These would be, in peace famous words "This was their Ancat e miraculously helped the Crusaders of Nazlam, on the one hand, and the palpable righteousness of the cause time, reasonable pinints, but there is hour" can never be applied
to in the battle of Antioch and in file which statesmen of the calibre of Mr Churchill and President Hoosevelt war on to-day threatening more Hongkong.
Isora struggle with the Saracena, it is embody and sustain, on the other hand,,
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