DONALD DUCK
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STARTS
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BONGE BONGI
Capt. 1940, Wali Diwwy Prosfactiona Werl Kishte Bazaal.
In the first four chapters of his narrative, Fred Hockey, the St Peter Port harbour sign- aller, described how the Germans took possession of the Channel Islands after the British forces decided to evacuate.
He con- tinues his eye-witness account of the occupa- tion in the following chapter. The story is recorded by
******** DUDLEY BARKER
"Socialism" For Channel Islanders
prove that things would
Vetter and happier under Hitler's New Order, the Germans gave the Channel Islands "Socialism" after they had been in occupation for a fortnight.
The German harbour master in Guernsey told Fred Hockey (and Fred Hockey, the har- bour signaller who afterwards escaped to England, told me) that Hitler's idea was that there should be no rich or poor, and all men would be equal except, of course, the Germans:
So it was duly announced in the Guernsey nowspapers that henceforward all businessès would belong to the States of Guernsey (which, in turn, of course, though this was not emphasised, temporarily be- longed to Germany).
It was not exactly compul- sory to hund your business over to the States.
But if you did not, there _was_nobody_in_Guernsey_who could afford any longer to buy your produce, you could not export it, and you could not draw enough money to pay your employees even if you had it in the bank.
So there was not much choice about it.
"For a week later," said Fred Hockey, "all wages on the island were regulated, too,
Fixed Wages
"It was announced that every single man who was em- ployed-and the Germans saw to it that they were employed if only in forced labour on the airport-would draw 30s. a week from the States.
"Married men would get 388. a week, with is. extra for cach child up to the number of five, and 6d. extra for each child over that number.
"Foremen and people who previously owned their busi- nesses received 28. a weak extra, and people with depen- dent relatives also got a bit more. For instance, my total came to £2 a week because I was a married man and had my daughter to support, al- though she was adult,
"It's surprising how quick- ly you can put that sort of organisation into force, pro- viding nobody is allowed to express any opinion about it, and nobody is allowed to argue. They had it running- in Guernsey in a few days,
Bank Control
"Thoy appointed overseers for ench-district to go round and make sure that everybody. was working properly.
"Then they set up local court officials in the school rooms in cach parish to pay out the Government wages, which were collected each weak by the foreman and owners of businesses.
"People of
independent
means were no better off, be- cause, no matter how much they had in the bank, they were not allowed to draw out more than their 30s. or 38a.. each week, although they did not have to do any work,
"That was why no man could carry on his private business he could not get the money to pay his expenses. And the Germans, of course, wanted all businesses, to be handed over to the States, so that they themselves could control them.
"Most of the Guernsey busi- nesses were glasshouses for growing tomatoes or grapes. The Germans made the grow- ers turn a lot of them over to other crops, particularly maize and beans. It was thought that they wanted the sced to- send to Germany. for next year's sowing.
Taken In
"Now this idea of every- body having an equal income, even if it was rather a small income, sounded all right in theory, and some of the more ignorant people got taken in by it at first. I heard several of them say so, in the 'pubs' and sitting on the sea wall of an evening.
"But even those people soon began to realise that things did not work out quite the way they thought they would--- everybody working, everybody equal, everybody happy, and
Bo on.
"To start with, the trades- people soon discovered that everybody in the island did not have an equal income. The Germans had much more than anybody else.
"Now, I can't explain to you exactly how that was worked, because I've been just an or dinary sailor all my life, and don't understand much about exchange rates, and things like that.
I
"But this is what happened. "The Guernsey people were paid In Guernsey · money- that is, the same as English
money.
J
"At the same time the Ger- mans flooded the island with German money. First of all it was marks they brought from Germany, but a week or two later they started print- ing them in. Guernsey itself.
Nothing To Buy
"The Germans were paid in marks, and the Germans do- elded how many marks went to the Guernsey pound.
"That was money for jam. That way, it worked out that the German private soldierą were getting £3 'n week in Guernsey money, and the N.C.O.s and officers, of course, were rich men.
T
"Then wo began to find out that it didn't matter so much
Friday,
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what our incomes were, but it did matter if there were nothing to buy with them.
"Nothing
imported Was into the island for the use of the islanders, although the
· Germans got everything they wanted.
"Cigarettes, now. All the English cigarettes were soon exhausted, and we had to de- pend on a small local cigarette factory, which, luckily, had a fair stock of tobacco. But when that stock is exhausted there will be no more ciga- rettes. Except, of course, for the Germans, who have their cigarettes sont in.
Watered Beer
"It was the NOTIC with beer. There was a stock of beer in the Island, but they would not bring any more la,
They watered down what beer there was to make it po farther
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"And one of the first results we saw was thin. One by ono the shops were closing down, in spite of the German order that business
carry on as usual. They were closing because they had exhausted their stocks, they could not get any more, and they had nothing left to sell. Then the shopkeepers went out to work on the land or the airport, for their 30s. a week. That was what my father-in-law and to do, for one,
"The Germans tried to cover all this up by starting a little galety.
"They reopened the cinemas, twice a week, and at first they showed one German and one Eng- lish film. But when they had used up all the English films that were In the Channel Islands, they had to be all German films, to which they put English sub-uties.
"They also started to show pro- paganda films.
"A friend of mine went to the cinema one night, and saw "The sinking of the Ark Royal, which was supposed to have been taken by the German pilot who 'sank'
The funny thing was that there were a lot of German soldiers in the cinema, and when they came to the propaganda Alm, most of them yawned and walked out for a drink, coming back when that film
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Boycotted Girls
"Another amusement was the dances that were started In St and to make it almost undrink- George's Hall after the Germans had been in Guernsey for a couple able-but it is bound to come to.
few of the local. an end 1001.
of weeks. Quite a In fact I should
people went 10 those dances. think it is probably about, ended
"Some of the indeed, start- girls, by now. That means the Guernsey-
cd
with men will get no more beer.
out arm-in-arm walking the Germans in the streets. I sup- pose it was natural, for the Ger- mans were a smart looking lot, most of them could speak perfect English, and they were well be- haved
Wines and spirits, of course, were commandeered on the Arat day and sent to Germany.
"It was rather funny that, at the same time, the Kommandant issued nn order that there would be severe punishment for anybody found the worse for drink! That's one order the Guernsey men will never be able to disobey.
"This business of not being able to buy things applied to everything that had to be brought into the island-simply because the Ger- mans were bringing nothing in, except for themselves.
"Shortly before I came away, for example, my daughter went out to try to buy some bananas. She was able to buy one, It cost her four- pence.
"So we watched the result, week by week, of this great Geman Socialism, everybody equal, that they made such a fuss about in the Guernsey papers.
"But the Guernsey people never could tolerate it. The girls who the were seen walking out with Germans were banned everywhere. One of them was a friend of my Im- "daughter's and she had the pudence to come to my house.
"Clear out of this, I told her, when I found her there, we don't want any German girls in this house. That
the attitude most of the island took towards these girls.
WAS
"Mind you, it is the girls we corn- plained
about, not the German soldiers. The Germans were under the strictest ordare and discipline and, with one exception, they be-- haved perfectly.”.
TO-MORROW:
STARVATION AHEAD.
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