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The
Hongkong Telegraphı.
Tuesday, 1st. Oct., 1940. Wyndham SL, Hongkong
Telephone: 26615
THE piedz "Épecial to the Telegraph" is used by the "Hongkong Telegraph" to indicate sowa which is sitelly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni. rations Ordinance, 1834. Buch news, as bears the indication UP is received in Hongkong on the data of publication by the United Press Associations, who servo all rights and forbid republication, efther wholly or in part without previous arrangement.
JAPAN'S NEW DILEMMA
There are, apparently, any number of political observers prepared to believe that exten- slon of the European war to the Far East is merely a question of time and not a long time at that. This belief, however, argues an attitude of intracta- bility by all parties concerned both with regard to current and future political issues in the Orient, as well as the ability and willingness of Japan to imple- ment the new alliance she has signed with Germany and Italy.
Under the new alliance the to three signatories promise render each other aid should certain stated circumstances arise, but precisely how this is to be accomplished has left even the best informed critics wonder. ing. If the pact is an attempt to give Japan carte blanche in her efforts to establish a New Order in East Asia, it is u characteristically naive gesture on the part of the two European partners; but it is difficult to see how much nearer it brings Japan towards realisation of thei
As a direct challenge of quest. the United States the pact is un- mistakable, but here again it is one thing to make a challenge, and quite another to put it into effect.
Like Germany, Japan has enjoyed
some #pectacular successes in the war field dur ing the past three years, but these have yet to be consolidated in terms of economic and finan- cial gain. It is probable that Japan economically, is as re- silient as almost any other nation in the world; nevertheless even she is beginning to feel the enormous strain of her "China Incident" venture. It is hard to believe that she, in her present condition, would welcome a clash of arms with the United States -a clash which would also in- evitably drag in Britain against her.
.
This is not to discount the potential threat now offered to British and American interests through the invasion of Indo- China and the setting up of aerial and naval bases therein. The threat is there, but whereas a year ago Japan felt reasonably confident that she could afford to go to almost any length and still avoid open conflict with the Occidental democracles, to-day she faces a realistic and out- raged America, as well as a Britain more and more resolved to dispense with appeasement. These are two factors, which must make any nation, no matter what her aspirations, think hard and think twice be fore, committing herself to en irrevocable decision which may Involve her completo destruction.
October 1m1940.
IN THE RUSTLERS' CORRAL
Cosion contics*****
Victories of the
Army in White
A
GROUP of French wounded soldiers were kissing the nurses with Gallie gallantry, shaking hands with their British com- rades, thanking the doctors and saying their fervent "Au 'voirs" to the Medical Superintendent of the war hospital.
Most exubérant anfong them was a young officer whose life had been despaired of five weeks ago. Now, nimost fit, he was going off with the others to complete his convales-
cence.
He had been brought to the hos- In the last pital terribly burned, war, the doctors would have cased his pain with drugs, and despite
their utmost efforts he would prob- ably have died a few days Inter.
Eul in this case-the doctors had not much hope, but they treated him with the modern technique.
IN A CHEMICAL SKIN
His burns were sprayed with a preparation of tannic acid so that he was sheathed in a chemical skin. There was none of that unspeak- able torment of dressing and aia- dressing burns,
Instead, a cage was placed over him and he lay until under the tan- nic sheath the wounds began to heal and the skin to reform. That was Ove weeks ago,
Then, ilke a serpent shedding its slough, the sheath peeled off of its own accord. And he emerged re- atored.
Not only had the tannic acid helped the healing process but it had arrested the death-process which used to set in a few days after the burning-due to some poison distilled in the burned flesh and absorbed into the body.
Treatment of burns is vitally im-
-BY A
SPECIAL
CORRESPONDENT
portant in this petrol-driven war, and it is comforting to find how thoroughly the doctors and sur- geons have mastered it.
But that was not the only com- fort I found at this war hospital. I had steeled myself to see suffering and sights I hoped to forget,
The suffering had been tempered by the gentle skill of the nurses and now how to doctors who know master pain. The sights I saw I shall remember gratefully,
Baw wounded soldiers with damaged arms sitting up knitting and embroidering.
To them it was an amusing pas- time. To the doctors it was modern treatment. It has replaced the old system of strapping up a fractured limb rigidly in splints so that while the bune act muscles became wasted and required long and pain- ful massage and exercise to restore them.
WEED-PICKING CURE Fractured limbs are now placed in plaster casts, which, while hold- ing the fractured bone in place allows certain movements muscles.
of the
In addition to all the various elec- trical methods of restoring the body to usefulness, there are light reme- dini exercises in the gymnasium,
Planing a piece of wood is part of the doctor's prescription for restoring a damaged arm. Picking weeds (in spite of my own doubts) can ease an injured back. Pushing
HELIGOLAND REMEMBERS
THE OLD LADY'
"Oberland" or upper part. A large lift. TB ironte that Heligoland-e
a tunnel bored through the rock, and special target recently of the persistent RAF. bombers-be- same stone stairs connect the two parts. longed to Britain only 50 years ago, and was in fact the last stronghold of pre-Hitler Germany to yield to Nazism,
·
The "Oberland" is now heavily torti. Bed with batteries of heavy artillery, four-inch guns and high angle guns.
The island is hollowed out and con- tains vast supplies of petrol, oil, muni tions and stores, a hospital, bakery and sleeping quarters.
When I was on this amall North Bea island in Whitsun, 1935, the local hole day band flatly refused to play the
The submarine harbour, destroyed in Horst Wessel anthem, though all accordance with the Treaty of Ver- Germany had been playing it for two allies, and all the other military and
years.
Bo for the summer season it was re- naval equipment have been restored. placed a fully "Nazified" orchestra from the mainland.
The same year the fire brigade re Heligoland belonged to England until fused to march round the place behind 1890, when it was given to Germany in this band on Hitler's birthday. A special exchange for Zanzibar. The tower of boat hurriedly brought a number of the little church bears a bronze plaque Storm Troopers from Wilhelmshaven, recording that it was erected to the and the men and youths on Hellgoland memory of Qur Glorious Queen Vic were ordered to join them and form a teria by a grateful subject." A proccasion.
a lawri-mower can bring ille back to an injured leg.
I saw something of the admirable organisation of Emergency War Hospitals. They are not military hospitals but are under the Ministry of Health, since this time we are all in the front line and the casu- alties will be„elvillans as-well Ke soldiers.
"BLOOD-BANK" NEARBY
Burgical teams, which during the German advance had done hun- dreds of operations in rooms con- verted into operating theatres, we ma un the alert for the next emergency which might come at any moment.
Five minutes away, in a centre of population. 18 趄 "blood-bank" ready to supply as much blood as is needed for transfusions.
Countless lives will be saved by 11, and they will have to thank, not only the nameless donors, but the surgeons of Republican Spain, who
used blood-transfusions under im- possible conditions and to such good account, in the Civil War.
In addition to the resources of the hospital itself, it has call on mobile surgical units, of which there are more than 400 in the country.
Take, for instance, an air raid casualty. He is rushed to a first-aid post, where he is given morphia and a hot drink theat is important in reducing effects of shock) before he is moved to the nearest hospital.
Ife arrives in a considerable state. of shock, which if not treated im- mediately may itself cause death. But the shock-room" is ready. He
is warmed up and given a blood- transfusion.
As soon as in safe, he is carefully examined and, if need be, X-rayed. His wounds are dressed. If there is dirt in the wound he would be. iven an anti-tetanus injection. If there is risk of gangrene or an in- fection setting in, he would receive sulphanilamido..
And that in itself is a tragic commen- tary on war. For we ows sulphanilamide to German chemists, whose work was followed by scientists in Britain, Prance and America until they perfected it as the miracle drug of the Twentieth Cen tury, possibly of all time.
Perhaps the patient has a fracture. It is immediately placed in a plaster splint.
TORMENTED NERVES
He may have a head injury' and ■ chest injury. Mobile chest and head units are summoned from the nearest centra
The surgeons, the best specialists, with their assistants and nurses, arrive with their essential Instruments.
If the victim's facial bones have been damaged, a plastic surgery unit will also. be summoned.
Another set of specialists, represent- ing a great advance on the last war, are the psychologists and neurologists, pi
This is a war of nerves, in a different sense from which we 'used it in the first; nine months. Noise and horrors were "common in Belgium and 'France, and
ANOTHER ISTHMUS CANAL
By Otto Janssen (United Press Stall Correspondent) Washington, Oct. 1 (UP). Construction of a trans-oceanic canal. across · Nicaragus to strengthen the defensive and economie position of the nations of the New World is advocated by Commander Miles P. Duval, Junior, of the United States Navy in his book "Cadiz to Cathay published by the Stan. ford University Press.
Commander Duval traces the his- fory of the long struggle for a water- way across the American Isthmus, eutralnating in the construction of the
Panama Canal during the 'administration of President Theodore
Roosevelt.
"What could be more appropriate than for the Nicaragua Canal to, be commenced as an expression of the Good Neighbour' policy enunciated by the Administration f the second Roosevelt?" he asks.
"Suth an undertaking would tond to strengthen a policy which has been so universally accepted by Latin America and to make more secure the strategie position possessed by the United States in the control of water- ways across the American Isthmus,” the officer asserts.
DuVal holds that inasmuch as the United States has assumed responsi bility for inter-oceanic communica- Lions in this hemisphere through ownership of the Panama Canal, this country should live up to that respon- albilly by constructing the second. canal across Nicaragua,
•
•
The governing reason for such an undertaking, he says, is of He that of national defence. explains:
"Such a canal would reduce the danger of isolating the fleets on one side of the Isthaus in the event of canal. It the destruction of one would increase the rapidity with which the feels could be transited the Isthmus. And it would across the ektect a greater security from danger to interruptions of traffle due to at. tack from the air..
The Isthmus is the strategic centre of the Amertens. The power in. posscasion of it can operate its fleet so as to control both coasts as long as there Is uninterrupted transit.. With the increased security which a Nicaragua Conal would give to trans- Isthmian transit there should be leas need of two separato fleets for the United States, each adequate for the defence of its coast.
With security of transit assured, one fleet would supply the needs of national defence for both coasts, and render unnecessary expensive dupli- cation of naval forces. The Initial cost 01 the Nicaragua Conal
($722,000,000) and its $10,800,000 Qual operating and maintenance charge would be small indeed, as compared with expenditures which the construction and maintenance of an additional feet would entail.
Σ
"Of particular interest to Central America will be the local benefits of a Nicaragua Canal... It should increase productivo in- dustry and employment, open up new areas to world commerce, and by so doing tend to stabilize political conditions of the area, which for so many years in the past has been the scene of re- volution, 'conflicts, interventions, and disorders.
**
"With the Great Powers of the Old World again engaged in a struggle which is certain to bring about great and unpredictable changes among the powers, the necessity for taking the steps casential for the security of the Americas, now and in the decades to
has come,
been effectively
The Monroe Doctrine has been accepted by the nations of the world largely because of the strength of the
States Navy,
phasized.
United
em-
"That doctrine, in, effect, however, has been recently enlarged in scope by the Panama Conference of 1930 so as to apply, not only to prevent the expansion of European political systems on the American continents but also t to prohibit belligerent acts by any foreign power in the waters surrounding the Americas.
"The enforcement of this new policy will fall, chiefly upon the United States, thereby adding greatly to the responsibilities of its naval forces.
Initiated
"Sleps have already by the United States government to strengthen its Navy, but that alone is not enough. Steps also must be taken to safeguard the free and un- Interrupted translt of the Isthmus by the ships of the Navy and, to reduce the possiblity of folating portions of the United States Fleet in a time of national emergency. This can be accumplished best by the digging of a second Isthmian canal 128 er Canal is When the Nicaragua орелес to world traffic the story of Until a year or so ago, the largest and, are liable to be common here at Cart
transisthmian water communication I saw in that hospital men who had Those who refused were taken away most expensive boarding, house, was
will be near its and That canal will come through Hell. Tired, exhausted
Call the to a concentration camp to become proudly, called the Empress of India..
through sleeplessness and hunger, torbe the realition "Zinzified..!!
Many quaint customa characterised the mented by the sight of civilians being of the early United Stater sie; English words were still in use, si
machine-gunned by the noise, and engineers, business When I was lost on Heligoland there mennos of tan dive-bambera.jpg AS
But they were almost normal again men who had as an old fisherman with a gold ring
They had been put to bed and made
Although in peace-time there word only about 2,000 people living on the 19land, the fire brigade, which resized. as a result of this incident, is the com- munity's most important organisation in one of his cars who could yarn about
It has to bee island's history for hours on end comfortable. They had been fed on For water is scarce.
Ito always, started his stories: "Now, so-and-so many years before for possibly after) the Cid Lady's Jubilen,"
brought from the mainland and many.. of the houses are 100 feet above sea level da emclent ars-fighting is essen. He meant, of course, Queen Victoria. taLyATORY PLA
The fland la divided into two parts,"
the "Unterbod i ø katër pers and the
* Wallace King.
good food, mile and glucose, va
I have seen something of the great work-of-the doctors in, this war and;
there is comfort in it.
For the Army in White is the bodya guard of Humidalty, warsAJES
means to
will