Watson's HK-FOOT REMEDY
$1.00
per
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A non-staining pre- paration compoundcl
recent
according to the ap- proved
and
on
formula of an emin-
ent
authority
tropical skin diseases
• Immediately
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Infected
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A WATSON'S PRODUCT.
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Thursday.
HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
August 1, 1940.
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The
Tel. 27778-9
Hongkong Telegraph.
Thursday, August 1, 1940, Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone; 20015
THE preДx "Special to the Telegraph" Is used by Use "Hongkong Telegraph to Indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuel- Cations Ordinance, 1930. Such nows as bears the Indication “Up is received in Hongkong on the dads of pubileation by the United Press Associations, who re serve all rights and forbid republication, either wholly or in part, without previous Arranzument,
Lessons For Japan
The sudden arrest of twelve Eng- isimen in Japan on a charge of espionage may be a further attempt to provoke Britain to take extreme netion. It may be that Japan is following the Ines of the other dictators in advancing from one point to another. Munich Parts, like Danegeld or policies of appeasement do not avoid the issue; they merely postpone it. But that may be im- portant.
Europe's Heirs are nearly all CHILDREN
EVER before in the history of
N Yurope has there been such
a youthful group of heirs to
the thrones.
In only four of the twelve countries which still retain a monarch is the succes- sor of sufficiently advanced years to take on the responsibilities of rulership.
In five others the person next in suc- cession is only heir presumptive, that is, his claim could be upset by the birth of a more direct descendant.
It is an age of youth, with, in the majority of cases, youth on the throne and youth as the heir.
The death of the ruling Sovereign would in many countries necessitate the appointment of a Regent during the minority of the heir.
GREAT BRITAIN comes first into the picture. At the moment Princess Elizabeth is the heir presumptive.
Lo
He claim the succession would be automatically defeated if à son were born to the King and Queen. In any case she is still only thirteen years old, and would not be able to assume the duties of monarch until she attained the eighteenth birthday.
It la, of course, the fervent wish of every one of the King's subjects that the question of succession will not arise for very many years to
come.
an even
BELGIUM has younger heir to the throne in Prince Baudouin, the eldest son of King Leopold and the late Queen Astrid.
He is only nine years old. As his father is only 37, the succession should also be long deferred.
The position in Bulgaria is similar to that in Britain. King Boris and his Queen, who was formerly Princess Giovan ni of Italy, have an only child, and she a daughter, the Princess Marie Louise, who was born in 1933.
Unless son is born she will suc- eced to the throne, but be unable
It is obvious that Germany is seeking to involve Japan in the struggle. She wished to use Japan's power to serve her own ends, for clearly Germany has done nothing to -assist-Japan-and-can-do-nothing-to-perform the duties until 1951..
On the contrary Japan has always considered her real enemy is Russin, and Germany by her policy in Europe has added considerable strength to Russia, and made her a greater menace to Japan than ever before. The 'Japanese signed a pact with Germany to avoid this very thing, and yet the Germans have the brazen effrontery to urge Japan to join with the axis Powers in order to wenken Britain, and at the same itluse endanger her own security,
Japan in three years has striving in vain to conquer China, un unprepared and unworlike nation. The campaign may easily last an- other three years, especially the Burgia Road is reopened and its continuance will certainly still for- ther impoverish Japan. The Japanese treasury la empty, and in any cusc war material cannot be obtained even if money were available.
veen
Russia stands in the offing always ready to profit on the occasion when other nations are in dificulties. Stalin has proved quite clearly that what the Czars had in the past he intends to possess in the future. Manchuria was a Russian sphere of influence.
The United States by her de- nunciation of the Trade Pact a year ngo, has long realised that she was stultifying her foreign policy by providing Totalitarian Japan with the war material to subjugate de- mocratie China. Consistency hos long been demanded between econo- mic polley and political faith. Now these have been brought into line,
Again a Regent would be necessary, and 11 would probably be the King's broller, Prince Cyril of Parma. Denmark is one of the few e
v"coun- tries where the heir to the throne la defnitely known and is of sum- clent age. He is Prince Frederick, eldest son
of the ruling King' Christian, and was born in 1911. Four years ago he married Prin- cess Ingrid of Sweden, grand- daughter of the Duke of Connaught, thereby further strengthening the nits with Great Britain which had already been forged when King Edward VII married Princess Alex- andra of that country.
܀
Greese also remains without a direct, heir to the throne.
King George II, who returned to the throne in 1935. had married Princess Elizabeth of Rumania, but there were no children, and in 1935 he was granted a divorce. Unless he again marries and has children, his successor will be his brother, Prince Paul, wito in 1938 married Princess Margarita of Hanover, a grand-daughter of the ex-Kaiser of Germany, arid a great, grand- daughter of Queen Victoria.
ITALY definitely knows that her next ruler will be Prince Humbert of Piedmont, who at age of 36 is one of the oldest heirs to a European throne.
So für the Prince has taken lite active part in the affairs of his country, but is exceedingly popular. Nine years ago he married Princess Mary, sister of King Leopold of the Belgians.
the Dutch The succession to throne is also certain, and the country will have another Queen in Princess Juliana, who has given birth to her second daughter.
She is the only woman in Europe who is in direct succession to a
If Japanese slatesmen look towards the United States to-day they will sce a nation of 120 million people with the greatest' Industrial resources in the world at their disposal, shock- ed out of their complacerity and determined to
to back up their diplo Inney with a naval force that will completely overshadow that of Japan. This war has sown the seeds of other wars already. Britain too is be bound to emerge from this war with
for eir stronger feet than she possess
for the past ten months have proved that the much vaunted aeroplane is no match för capital ships. In addition the experience of this war will give an efficiency in tactics and strategy, that the Japan ese fleet cannot possess.
If Japanese policy is governed by the short view, and her opportunials win the day, then temporary gains will be mado, but they will have to
surrendered when the Únal or reckoning takes place in two three years time. Germany cannot help Japan now and she will not be able to do so in the future. Japan con serve Germany's purpose, but. there can be no return.
A naval and mercantile nation, if wise, should seek friendship" with those of superior naval strength and not isolate herself, or allow herself to be made the catspaw of Germany who has never consulted any body's interests but her own.
CAREFREE KING PETER: A happy study of the young ruler of Yugoslavia who celelirated his 12th birthday on September 6. He is not as yet be- ing made to take part in public life.
throne, and it will be probably the first occasion on which a Queen lins
succeeded a Queen.
Three years ago she married Prince Bernard, descendant of a former small German state. At the moment Princess Jullana's successor would be her first daughter, Prin- cess Beatrix.
**
Norway also knows definite- ly the next occupant of her throne. It will be Prince Olaf, the only son of King Ilaakon, who was born in 1903,
His mother was Queen Maud, daughter of King Edward VII of Great Britain. She died a few months ago. The ties with this country will remain strong. Prince Olaf in 1920 married Princess Marthe of Sweden, who, is also re- inted to the British Royal Family by marriage but not by blood,
The position in Rumania is interesting. The heir to the -throne-on-the-death-of-King Carol is Prince Michael, who has already been King of the country for three years.
He succeeded his grandfather In 1027, white his grandmother, Queen Maric, u grand-daughter of Queen Victoria, neted as his Regent. Three years later his father, King Carol, who had renounced his right of succession, returned to the country and was elected King. Prince, Michael will attain his nineteenth birthday in October next, when, it the necessity arose, he would be qualified to perform the full duties of a Sovereign.
*
YUGOSLAVIA is the only country in Europe where the King to-day is a minor.
FUNNY SIDE UP
King Peter, who is only Afteen years old, succeeded to the throne on the Dessination of his father, King Alexander, in 1934.
At present the administration is in the hands of a Counell of Re- gency, presided over by Prince Paul. a nephew of the late King He is also heir to the throne, and will remain so unil King Peter marries and has a child. Al pre- sent Yugoslavia remains the youngest country in Europe with the youngest Sovereign, and with- out a direct heir,
On the other hand, Sweden must rank 13 the senior country in every respect. To- day she has the oldest Monarch in King Gustav, who is 82 years of age, and the oldest heir to the throne in Prince Gustaf, who is 68.
Again there are close ties with Great Britain. Prince Gustaf mar- ried the daughter of the Duke of Connaught, and after her death in 1923 married Lady Louise Mount batten, Princess of Battenberg.
Outside Europe the position is There are few little different. Monarchs in other parts of the world, but two are cutstanding. One is King Farouk of Egypt, who came to the throne four years ago, but is only twenty years old. The heir presumptive is his daughter, Princess Ferini, who was born in November. Seventeen years must elapse before she would be eligible to undertake the duties of Queen. Japan is the other Instance. The Emperor lirohito is 39 years old, this successor. Prince Akihite only in his reventh year. Yet pre- sumably by Japanese low and cus tom he would be able, even at that vouthful age, to underinke the duties of Emperor.
*
Richard Hamilton
By Abner Dean
"P
Working my way through medical colloge
I interest you in an operation?"
ABNER
..could
-The-
HOME FRONT
In our struggle with Nazi Germany victory will finally depend on the strength of the "home front."
Modern war is not only a conflict between armies, navies and air forces. It is a struggle between the indus- trial power and morale of nations.
More and more the test of a Great Power is not how many soldiers, but how many factories it possesses, and how long it is in a position to keep them going at full blast turn- ing out aircraft and guns, shells and uniforms, and all the other needs of a modern
war,
The main elements in 'a nation's home front are:-
The size of its national income and national wealth; the amount and efficiency of its industrial capacity: the quantity and quality of availablo labour force; the ability of home defence to prevent production. from being stopped or interrupt- ed by land invasion, sca bombardment, blockade and air attack:
and-above all:
the will of the people, in spito of hardships, and casualties, to carry on and sod the struggle through to a victorious and.
WE
E cannot expect to pass on the cost of the war to our great grandchildren. That old idea has been exploded.
Each country must bear the cost of the struggle from week to week, from month to month. It must pay for the war out of its national income, except in so far as its capital Invest- menta overseas can be drawn upon to buy resources from neutrals.
By the "national income” of a country is meant the total value of goods and services produced by its inhabitants every year. How do the national Incomes of the Allies compare with that of Germany?
The Allied nations are in n much better position than Ger- many to bear the heavy.cost..of.. A modern war.
Only by spending na much as German na- one-quarter of the tional Income on armaments- before wor broke out-have the Nazis been able to threaten the Aliled Powers.
To make this programme possi- ble, they have placed a crippling burden on the shoulders of the German people. They have strain- éd German industry almost to the limit.
They · have already ralded mort of the hidden reserves on which' other governments' can draw in Ume of war.
THEIR gold reserve, for example, stancis at a very low level-despite the amounts seized from Austria and Czecho-Slovakia, and private German Even if we allow for undis- closer reserves, the total figure cannot possibly be more than about £100,000,000.
from citizens,
The Germans invo far less gold now than they had in 1918, after four years of warfare.
Having only small reserves of gold, scarcely any foreign exchange or securities abroad, and no credit, the Nazis will find great difficulty in obtaining even the most essen- tial.mw materials from overseas, except within the small area which they dominate by force.
Their plight is made even more desperate by the British Govern- ment's decision (November, 21, 1939), as a reprisal against the un- restricted U-boat and mine cam- paign, to seize exports of goods shipped directly or indirectly from Germany.
As the struggle goes on they will find themselves overwhelmed by the superlor economic strength of the Aliled Powers. The weight of resources on our side is even. greater than in 1914-18, when Brl- taln's Industrial eficiency WOB much lower and the industrialien- tion of the Dominions had hardly begun.
AS we have already seen, the staying-power of a nation at war depends largely on the ability of its factories, and workshops to keep pace with the demands of the armed forces.