2
Tuesday,
HONGKONG, TELEGRAPH
June 18, 1940.
MAGAZINE PAGE
The Line We Must Never Surrender
By Major-General J. F. C. FULLER, formerly Chief Staff
Officer, Tank Corps THOUGH the Channel is unbolted, its door is as yet no more than ajar. We have suffered a severe reverse: we and our Allies have been driven from part of the western coast line of the North Sen and the Strait of Dover. Nevertheless, that narrow strip of water will remain English so long as our Fleet commands the sens and our Air Force the air. Therefore, let us remember these old words, which are full of wisdom:
"Fear in Failure and the Forerunner of Failure: Bo thou therefore without Fear; for in the heart of the coward Virtue abideth not."
ONCE Clive and 3,000 soldiers with their backs to a flooded river faced Siraj-ud-Daula at the head of 60,000 warriors on the plain of Plassey. Once Wolle with 0,000 men faced Montcalm's 19,000 over the broud St. Lawrence with pre- cipitous cliff to climb. Those were the grim facts of June 23, 1757, and September 14, 1759, and be- cause these two brave men did not tremble two empires were won.
1
Let us then, in our present pre- dicament, remember the simple words of Wolle, when, having leapt ashore, he gazed upwards through the night and exclähned: "I don't think we can with Rny possible means get up here, but,
we must use Ditr best end"ver,
THOUGH the landing of a great army on our shores, as drenint uf by Napoleon In 1805, in out of the question-because, Calais or Calais, our Beet commands the sea an air attack in obvious, and, as
no
It is likely to take the form of a blockade, we must expect won- contrated attacks on our ports, our airfields, our dockyards and our centres of manufacture.
That in these assaults the civil population with suffer is certain, but
that they will mainly be directed against the civil will in- stead of the civil stomach, I con- nider improbable.
That our enemy will once again make use of parachutists thus be reckoned with; but 1, in my humble opinion, anything #p-
so-called pranching the
Fifth Columns, which so greatly assisted hm in Norway and Holland, does not exist In England, unless these "bolts from the blue" can be backed by German troops their "Initure will be patent;
Long ugg now I considered this problem, raunet.
In
the but
lecture
4
reverse way on "The
German Air Strategy
By Dr. HERBERT ROSINSKI, formerly Lecturer
in the German Naval Academy
Allt Ministry reports show that
in the intense air baltics in France and Flanders our fighters have inflicted heavy losses on the enemy and have themselves relatively light losses. aufered Man for man, and machine for the British are much to the enemy. sucris
This article by Dr. Rosinskl shows that the Germans have staked everything on numerical superiority, alming to c.cercise
their utmost force from the air and not by fighting in the air.
A1
IR power was developed in Germany with a strategy of its own to 1 into the larger war strategy of mobility and surprise. This was thought out before the huge
required-per- machinery
sonnel, ground and defence organi- sution and the aircraft industry- was planned as one system.
It aims at superiority in the alt. not by great battles with opposing aircraft but by bombing bases and, if possible, occupying opposing airfields.
Mass
ite effect rather than dividual effort permeates the whole system. Types are simplified to the utmust, and the number of types kept us small as possible.
The fighters are designed Intercept opposing bombers not to meet their Oghters. Thus the chief German fighter, the Messerschmitt 109 is much weaker in armament than its British counterparts, the This is Spitfire and the Hurricane.
to
true of the more effeient Messerschmitt 110.
Similarly the bombers, unlike the Wellinglons and the
Вісп
arc
is 110
beims,
nut armed strongly enough to forre their way through. fighters; they have to reply for safely upon evasive tactics-is- appeurance In cloud, or low flying (near the ground or the sea),
The same principle applies to Jack of personnel. There daredevil pilots, drawn from the Hiller youth air training organise- tion numbering: 100,000. but the rapid system of training does not adequately it them for air fght- ing. (This, at least, is the opinion of many Allied airmen who have had encounters with them). Night fighting appears to be unknown to
them.
Through forcing the system of training to an excessive degree many lives have been lost. In the rapid expansion of construction, too, many a series of aircraft hove had to be sent to the scrap heap beenuse of errors which became apparent only during actual trials.
To-day the strength of the Ger- man air force is estimated at 9,000 first line and 7,000 second line (including reconnaissance ond training machines.
It is backed by 30 ahplane and 15 engine factories, with 110 separate works, employing over half-a-million people. The monili- ly production now attained, it is believed, in well over 1,500 air- craft.
ly
With 650 alrfields, 500 of which Air have permanent staffs, the Command is able to concentrate or disperse its forces with the utmost flexibility, making it difficult for the Allies to ascertain with certainty where the bulk of the aircraft are located.
WEEK-END HERO
THE prelude came last week, after the endless anxieties
of cottage radio sela, cutting never-to-be- cruelly into the forgotten spring.
A voice, used to telephoning. telephoned in the morning from the market town three miles away.
"It's all right. lic's all right.” Who?" We switched off the 8 o'clock news the better to hear. "It's the sister of his young lady
Just spealing. She has heard from him. She wants you to be good enough to send down to tell his mother, fo is back from France, and he is coming homo here."
This ploughman's son played for the village cricket team last summer, WAS passable hand in the second dart team, and was learning the craft of East Anglian bean and plaster building when ho was not driving the bullder's lorry.
He was the first to be con- scripted; and he went out from these parts for the first time in his e, a gawky, shy millatnan. It was bad luck, they said, for ho'd never make a hero, though lie would be seeing London and the World.
This week-end he walked back a hero, like thousands of other country folk who returned from the B.E.F. to their villages.
Im Journey, which began at Arras, ended here in the farm- yard, when he walked in, straight from the bus, and shook hands with his Dad, who was just lead- ing out the farm horses to grass for the week-enul.
any
ite has filled out, the French sun has tanned him. he is no longer gawky, this hero whom everyone in the village is waiting to shake by the hand.
it all, Yes, he was through driving bis lorry, fring some- body else's rifle, using a Bren gun, and tying waiting on Dun- kirk and. Next to him his pal was killed, the fart he saw of his allicer was just before a bomb fell. He saw a dead child lying beside the road.
is
قلمو
He grina and chats; and the cliters and wiseacres aro allent; and his mother, who never says much.
remembering every word
before his going back on Sunday night.
Ic says, ""That champagne, That's the stuff I'd never noiv. had, and it's all right when you get the taste.".
"I suppose you get it now and then."
"Why, I was all WO had for food and drink for two days ai the end, mate." It was soon over, this Spring week-end in the still-secure beauty of the coun tryside, with He customary aero- planes on guard, of which, be said, “I wish I had seen na many over there."
Last night a little group of them wat in among the cow-pars- ley at the roadside, waiting for the bus to take him back. Ito Jumped in, grinning and self- assured, to be treated by other soldiers travelling to the market town and beyond.
This week he will be remem bered and quoted in Ulio fields and...-- round the dart board, white ha, Falls In and gets on with the job.
JOHN PUDNEY
Development of Sea Warfare on Land and ils Influence on Future Naval Operations," given at the Royal United Service Institution on February 11, 1920, among other thing
said:
"Let us all, this time, get into our astral shells
"We see a stretch of weary sandt is the Bullle court, We sce curious ships racing through the Skaggerak. They are now standing out a mille or more from the coast, for the water is shallow. There is a
nrumbling sound, then from their prows squat objects aplash into the water—they are moving rapidly towards the shore line; from the water they crawl
on to the sands; they are Tanks, and Warnemunde, 150 miles from Berlin, Is ours. We materialise and find some commotion going on amongst the enemy's armies on the Western Front.'
constal
Hus Hitler go such a weapon up his sleeve? I do not know, but 1 do know that it can be made.
Such a machine does exisi-the Belf-propelled amphibious tank, using tracks Jund and
on
a pro peller when in the water.
night easily be inunched from a
motorboat, which could ross the Channel in half an hour. And though, should one crawl up Brighton beach, Hove will un doubtedly be thrown into panle, there is little cause that we Eng- Hish should fear such a machine, because, unless command of the sen a gained by the Germans, its sole object will be to attack our nerves.
THEREFORE, my fellow coun- trymen, at this hour of crisis, let tu contemplate these words of n very grcal Englishman-Lord Bacon:
and
Walled towns, stored arsenals and armouries, goodly races of horse, chariots of war, elephants, ordnance, artillery, and the Ike: all this is but a sheep in
Hon' skin, except the breed
dis- position of the people be stout and warlike. Nay, number itself in armies Importeth not much, where the people are of wenk courage: for us Virgi anith, K never troubles a wolf how many the sleep be.'
Therefore let our countersign be, as it was on September 14, 1759- "ENGLAND."
Three
Louth
Z
Boston/
Bishops Bortford
Ety Cambridge
NORWICH
Thetford
mer
Ipswich
Sudbury
Harwich
Chelmsford LONDON
CROYDON
Cha
Maidstone
Dova
Tunbridge
Follastonce
Hastings Fastboumic
Margote
STRAIT OF
Boulogne
DENEGEL-ESEH
CEHFA NENDEL
F&comp
LE HAVRE
Trouvillo
Dieppe
S
Zeebr
Ostend?
Dunkirk Funes
Routers
Poperinghee
$40mer
Menus
Armentière
LILLES
Hétaples
Montres
-Béthune
Lens
Arras
Alou
Dellens
Cambrai
[Le Tréport
Abbeville
Albert
AMIENS
Neufchigel
SQuen
Manididier
Noyon
Gournay
Benrra's
Clermont
Gisors
Compiegne
Senlis
Châte
Ther
ARTS
Pontoise.
Milea
0
10 20 30 40 50
Things
DART of the glorious, and
The very last chapter of the bloody foreshores of Dunkirk.
This is not the place, and I have
to not the power, pay the just tribule to the armies who super- bly carried out this evacuation. Three things lower out of the wreckage that give assurance oľ future victory.
*
(1) British and French troops bare equal brunt together and in Prioux's devoted turn. General divisions covered our retreat from the larger loop into the lines of Dunkirk, permitting us to begin in good order, A embarkation British rearguard held the last posts through which the French remnant retired. The entire re- treat by its stubborn and furious German resistance, diverted the
offensive from the Somme-Aisne.
(E) The
晶
steady, disciplined valour of the young British Army is matched only by that of the 1914 Expeditionary Force. Bo say those who served in both. At no me fn 21 days' battle, did British troops break.
(KE) The resolution and the resource of officers in fearful Jams nover falled. There is magnificent talent available for the big com- mands in the armies that afe forming.
•
And
80 much for to-morrow. now for yesterday. How did we come la imperil this great army?
Exvery report tells of the colos sally superlor enemy tank and air *power. Then there are the para- chuto divisions, and the motor. cyclists--and never forget them--- Fifth Columnists. All con- tributed to our misfortunes. Al had been prepared for years.
thie
Responsibility for our own long- -term unpreparedness will be in due сонгас assessed, and placed. It cannot be charged on the present Administration or Command. More- ever, since the most urgent effort at repair is now going forward in all branches of production and supply mere recrimination adds nothing and itself amounts to a hindrance.
TIE vital, and immediate ques tion : have we yet fully grasped the correct conception of the war Hier is waging? Wo hear it said ́ ́iliat ̃it-is-like no other-In fact-il
Assure
print for the Battles of the Bulge.
Marshal Badoglio, when he could assemble his airplanes on ilic Tigris front, and General Franco, when he could collect enough airplanes frem
Italy and Germany, on the Ebro, smashed through the ill-equipped native levies and militia opposite by using alecraft as artillery.
In Poland the Germans did as much and more. They replaced cavalry by armoured divisions and they motorised their infantry. By combining the old leas of cavalry raiding with the last war practice ingltration they re- of Infantry volutionised war. Not only the "front" became the front; not only the flants became the front, the rear became the front. Ifenceforth the word "line" must disappear from the military vocabulary and "zone" take its place.
Berein we find a weakness in our recent dispositions. The so-called Maginot Extension, from Luxem- burg to the North Sea, was a half- baked, half-bullt line. No harm in saying so now, since the Germans possess it. This line lacked depth. Indeed, it wanted strength, too. The Germans simply pushed over the top of it.
Beliind our "lines" there were lacking garrisons such as would Tie certainly have held "zones." Germans infiltrating troops dashed up to the railway stations and there were confronted-by the stallon- master and a handful of sappers or service
These are the corps men.
GUNNER'S VOW
FOR DORAN
SDenis/leaux
Victory
results of the German revolutionary
lesson strategy. The
bas been painfully learned by the "fighting troops so miraculously returned to
15.
LET us here carry this knowledge forward. Britain, 100, is a zone of war. Now if Hitler should in- vade us, where would he strike? At the point where the attack could do most damage. Which would doubtless be the point least expected.
An Invasion would either be a inajor assault, or else a mere raid designed to create temporary panfe and DIVERSION. General Fuller on this page disposes of the first prospects. Consider the second.
Parachutists dropped in or near our clites would quickly be ob served and pinned down. They could cause trouble, but it would be enly local.
But parachutists dropped, say, on the wild and lonely Welsh moun- talns might attack the dams of the huge reservoirs in Elan Valley. If these were blown up a countryside would be flooded and the great city of Birmingham, 89 miles away, cut off from its main supply of water. If the dams Lako Vyrnwy went down, Liverpool. 00 miles away, would be parched. Half a hundred bombers over either of these mielity Industrial centres could hardly wreak the same dis- location and destruction.
·
REMEMBER. - In this war the the "front" is not only around coasis, but in the sky above us. THERE IS NO REAR.
Strike Over Two C.O.'s
CAPTURE of Britain's No. 1 bomb-{ ing ace, Squndren-Leader Doran, made his gunner and radio operator, Objecting to working alongside Corporal Tom Hoggard, vow ven conscientious objectors, employees at geance on the enemy,
the Ocenn Chemical Company's Tom has kept his vow. He has works, Ramsbottom, where 05 por
I
cent, are ex-Servicemen, some with won the DFM.
Doran was shot down and later sons who will be called up, have for made a prisoner of war during a raid 24 hours been on strike. Jon Stavanger.
There are two conselentious objec- Hoggard, who is twenty-four, tors at the works and the strikers was in Doran's regular crew and allege that one is doing a job former- had been with his daring trader only held by a young married man who all his trips. including the Kick has been called up for service. Canal and Sylt.
A meeting with representatives of: But, for the Stavanger rald, Doran the firm was held, and the men de-
is very like Vireo other wars at ook new ̃Wireless-operator"** una elded to resume work..
any rate, in outline. Spain, Abys siņls and Poland provided the blue
gunner. Hoggard was on leave.
Doran, loo, should have been on The firm, it is understood, have flenve, but he Inglsted on remaining agreed not to retain men registered
on duty and lending bis squadron." as conscientious objectors,
PARLOPHONE
PRESENTS
A PROGRAMME OF SWING MUSIC
2803 Willie the weeper. Weary blues.
R2858 Blues with a feelin'.
Misty morning.
R 2268 Jazz ma blues, Last round up.
I 2242 Once in a while,
Squeeze me.
R2732 Lady of mystery. Early session hop. 2739 Bluo alles.
Royal garden blues. R2729 Susain: the boss.
Who did you meet last night, R2447 Melody. in Rif.
"Monotony."
R2430 Swing, as it comes,"
Swingitis.
R2611 Two sleep people.
New Orleans,
A
...Louis Armstrong and orch.
..Duo Ellington and orch.
.Gene Krupa and band.
.Louis Armstrong & Hot Five.
Teddy Wilson and orch..
.Johny Kirby and orch.
..Jimmy Launceford and orch..
Eddie Carrol & awing.music.
...Bert Firman's swing five.
Ella Logan & Hoagy Carmichael.
TSANG FOOK, PIANO COMPANY Marina Houso
19 Queen's Road C.
Phone 24648
Parisian Grill
Air-Conditioned
Music during Lunch & Dinner
Tol. 27880 for reservations.
The
Open till 1a.m.
Hongkong Telegraph Tenth Annual Amateur Photographic
June
Competition
September, 1940.
Two Silver Trophies Awarded
ILFORD LTD.
by
For the best and second-best entries.
Four Silver Trophies Awarded by EASTMAN KODAK CO.
First Prizes in each of the four Sections,
$250 CASH PRIZES $250
SECTION ONE
General Pictorial: Land and Seascapes: Architecture: Street Svenes, etc.
1st. Silver Cup. 2nd. $30. 3rd. $20. 4th, $12.50.
SECTION TWO
Portraits: Informal Close-ups: Human Stridies. 1st. Silver Cup. 2nd. $30, 3rd. $20. 4th. $12.50. SECTION THREE
Still Life and Table Top Studies.
1st. Silver Cup, 2nd. $30. 3rd. $20. 4th. $12.50,
SECTION FOUR
(Craftsmen's Section)
The whole of the work entailed in the production of every entry must have been done by the competitors who will be required to make a declaration to this effect. Each entry must have pasted on the back a special_entry form obtainable on application from The Hongkong Telegraph or from the Hon. Secretary, Hongkong Photographie Society. Subjects at the discretion of competitors.
1st. Silver Cup. 2nd. $30. 3rd. $20, 4th. $12.50.
RULES
The following Rules will govern the Competition:
1The Competition ir conned ex- clusively to amateur photo- graphers
2-No employee or member of any Arm in the photographie trade is permitted to competarded to the 3-The prizes will be
L
competitors sending in what aro Adjudged to be the best phot
Each eash Section. graptas in entry must be accompanied by a Zorm which will be published during the period of the Com- and which must bo petition back of entry. pasted
The right to publiah any or all of the entries in reserved to the Hongkong Telegraph.
All photographs. entered must have been taken in the Colony of longkang. Photography which have heen already entered in other Competitions are ineligible -No responsiblilty will be accepted for non-delivery of, low of, or damage to entries.
SECTION
NAME
-ADDRESS.
7-All entries to do either black, sepin, or tened pletures, and must Coloured photo- to mounted. #raphs are ineligible.
1.-Pictures submited in sopia tones should be accompanied by smaller print in black and white, D-No picture to entered in more
than ons Bection.
30.-Mounts to be only white or cream, must be of one of the following RILCE-10x12, 18X20.
11-No correspondencă will be enfared into in connection with the Com- petition.
12-Members of the Blame of the
fionckong Telegraph
thum And South China Morning Post Art Not parmiited to compete.
13.-The decision of the Judges shall
ha final.
14-At the conclusion of the Com
petition, entries will be returned to competitors on application at the Telegraph omess within woven days.
ENTRY FORM
Please use block letters and paste this on back of each Entry fi Sections 1, 2 and 9.