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HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
June 5, 1940.
CARTOON
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The
Hongkong Telegraph.
Wednesday, Juno 5, 1940. Wyndham St., Hongkong
Telephone: 20815
THE PICK "Special to the Telegraph is used by the Hongkong Telegraph to Indicate sews which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni- tations Ordinance, 1936. Buch naWS AJ bears the indication “UP”** in received in Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbia republication. either wholly or in part without previous arrangemen
BLAME
Hongkong's Defence
1.44
THERE IS NO reason whatever to believe that Hongkong is threatened by the latest developments in Europe or the Far East, and the probability is that this Colony will go through the war with less inconvenience than any other part of the Empire.
At the same time it would be foolish to minimise the Importance: of taking precautions against any possible contingency and it would lessen-the-uneasiness many people in this Colony feel if they were officially told what precautions
being taken.
On the surface, Hongkong does not. appear fully prepared to meet any contingency. We have been told
пре
that the authorities are taking note of what has occurred in recent weeks In Europe and that steps are being faken to meet the new elements of offence introduced by the Germans... OK
any steps have been taken they are not apparent to the layman.
The new methods of warfare in- troduced by the Germans might be sub-divided into parachute altack, the landing of troops by plane- Arth column activities and transport, ultra-mechanisation.
order In
to counter parachute attack it is necessary that all areas in which parachutists may land should be guarded. Parachutists at once render all outer defence lines pregnable since, as has been shown a Holland and Belgium, defences can be compromised from the rear. The only defence at present seems to be parashooters-armed men on the watch day and night"at"strategie positions.
03
BACK TO THE WALL 1914-1940
Sinews
Will Win
The War In Europe
ARMED forces alone can-
not win a war.
However large a nation's armies and navies may be, it cannot...carry on the fight......... without certain key resources -food for its people and raw matèrials for its factories. These aro-the-sinows-of-war. -——-
How do we compare with the enemy?
Because of our command of the sea, we can continue to draw vital materials from every part of the World.
The Nazis, on the other hand, must sooner or later find them- selves in great difficulties.
Their share in total world pro- most duction of many of the vitally important war materials is very small indeed. In peace- time they had to rei a large part. of their requirements of these materials from countries which they cannot now reach,
Russian
help cannot greatly alter the position, Russia actually ranks lower than Denmark as an exporter, and exporta cannot multiplied in a day,
bc
Now that war has come, they will not be able to get anything like as much nickel, rubber and. copper as they need. They will have to use substitutes for these things, at a heavy cost both in money and man-power.
NO war material is more vital than OIL. This is a war of machines-of aeroplanes, tanks, motor vehicles.
Without enough all machines come to a standstill. And what wanted is not simply crude oll as It comes out of the earth, but re- fined oil the product of elaborate plants, which_fake_a_long_time_to build.
Here again the outlook for Nati Germany is block.
In peace-time the Germans used nearly seven million tons of oil a year in the old-Reich-alone-No- less than two-thirds of the total had to be imported..
In war-time, the Nazis probably need anything up to twenty million tons of oil a year-three times us much as in peace-time. Such the admission of Ferdinand Frie densburg, a leading German nu- thority. That is to say, the Nazis must obtain up to fourteen million tons more than in
peace-time. either by increasing home produc Lion or by additional Imports.
WHAT are their chances of getting it?
some
In peace-time the Nazis ob. tained the greater part of their all from this - United States and olher American countries. Now that war has come they are cut off from these sources of supply.
They may be able to turn to Soviet Russia for
part of their war requirements, but the WHOLE of Russia's all export (about a million tons a year) would amount to no more than ONE-FIFTH of the total Imported by Greater Germany in peace-time,
And petrol, which the Nazis most need, forms only a small part of the cll exported from Bussta
THE Nazis might, on the other hand. scize the Rou- manian oil-fields.
But even if they succeeded in getting the oil-wells Intact-and isis-extremolydoubtful their problem would not be solved.
The whole Roumanian and German oil production put to- gether would not supply any "iling-like-half the Nazis wars time needs.. Much of the Rou- manian oll, moreover, is of a kind which yields very little Aviation spirit,
It is quite clear that there is a "Dig gap between Nail Germany's
war-time On needs and
the amount which can be. produced in territory dominated by Berlin. For short time this gap may be filled by drawing from Blocks built up in peace-lime. When these stocks run out, the Nazis will have immense difficulties la obtaining the huge oil supplies they need.
*
WHAT aro Germany's chances of getting enough of another vitally important war material-TRÓN ÖRE?
On the eve of the last war, the Germans were producing THREE- QUARTERS of all the iron ore they needed. In those days their richest ironfield was in Lorraine.
To-day the Lorrane- Ironfield lles on the other side of the Maginot Line..
In peace-time the Nazis pro-.. duced only ONE-THIRD of their Iron ore. Germany thus depends for more on foreign supplied than In 1014, in war-time this spells be of danger. Here Russia can little help. The Russian output of Iron ore has increased greatly in recent years---but the Russlens need it all themselves. They only export a trifling amount.
In mountainous country such Hongkong defence against landings of enemy troops by air transport would seem comparatively easy, since for actual protection of any of the the only need is to guard areas on citizens, although we believe some which landings can be effected. buildings have been ear-marked ns These areas would include the Race potential air raid shelters. course at Happy Valley, the Kal Tak
Any enemy who strikes'nt Hong- Airport, portions of King's Park in kong will strike swiftly. The days Kowloon and similar sites. Yet we when any warning i given are past. are not aware that any precautions Hitler has shown the world that the have been taken at any of these posi-way to conduct a successful offensive flons. In Sweden, for instance, the against an impregnable obstacle is to menace of illegal landings by air is strike swiftly y and with all the power overcome by the simple expedients at command, and to the devil with What is more, the Nazis would of placing hazards on any flat sur treaties and international decencies. have great difficulty in transporl-
hating the oil from Russia to Ger face that can be used as a landing There Is not the slightest chance that field-in this Instance motor cars we will emulate him: his methods many. The small quantity of Rus were used.
are the very thing we are fighting. sinn oil and petrol supplied to In maintaining watch on Fifth But there is every possibility that Column activities Hongkong, we be- Hitler will not be the last nation in Heve, has less to fear from the anti-the world to employ those methods. Nazi Germans and Austrians in our
position. Hongkong does not want to know midst than from another potential what is going to be done to meet any source of danger. In recent weeks,
What it wants to know là; tbrent. the Wong Ching-wel organs in what has been done? Good intentions Shanghal and Nanking have openly re-ba
-bad-defenco-In-fliese-days-of-un- declared that it is the intention of civilised
Warfare.
the puppet Government to strike at For instance, would
parachute
A
Even before war broke out the shortage was so acute that the Nazi Government combed the country for scrap-fron. Tramlines, for example, were torn up, and park rallings were removed...
Now let us turn to the food!
Our command of the sea is n guarantee, that the Allied peoples will be kept supplied with enough healthy food.
"The French "are" in any case able to produce the greater part of their food at home. Justus Schmidt, the German military writer, lina stated
that "the situation. of:
France as regards her supplies of
agricultural products in case of
Germany in peace-time went by way of the Black Sea, the Medi terranean and the Atlantk to Ger many's North Sea porisa route which is now closed to the Nazis,
They cannot hope to carry large quantities of all along the obvious alternative route via the Blnek. Sea and the Danube---owing 'to their lack of tankers, barges and the foreign settlements and conces troops meet a warm reception if they
tank wagons. The Danube, more- sions and any following of this re-landed anywhere la the Colony to-
over, is a very difficult, river to gime in the Colony, however small, marrow? should be
Is the Colony in such a riavigate, and its lower reaches ore under surveillance. At state of unpreparedness that hostile icebound during part of the winter least one Chinese newspaper. in aircraft can land on its airports or They might, In the second place. longong da reputed to be published on oper: plots-of-landy-Are-there-try-to-increase-their-production of by Wong Ching-wel and It obviously any potential Fifth Columnists at synthetic
large in the Colony? Have liongkong's
any method is very costly, and even
wed up enormous remote event of attack is not so much seeking refuge from bomba? Hias quantities of cost. Any attempt |from the ultra-mechanisation
em Chungking's excellent tunnel system to raise the oil output still furore table oils, pure vegetable fats, ployed by Germany. In Europe as of protection been emulated here?
ther, by this means would place from the air. The Colony is spend. Official reassurance on these points
an oven greater strain on German ing vast sums of money on ART would not only nerve to set at rest coal resources. Great difficulties, work but it is open to question the fears many Hongkong people hold moreover, stand in the way of th whether the results achieved have but would also serve notice to any creasing cool productions on a large been anywhere near commensurate would-be aggressor that this Colony acais. Mining is a highly skilled with the outlay. Absolutely no pro-fully prepared to meet any attack vision appears to have been made from any direction.
job, and miners cannot be trained in thousands, overnight..
has some ang denger in the A.R.P. trenches been dug for people) peace-time
i
wat in very favourable Germany presents a very different plelitra.
Take, for example, the question of tals.
Among the most important fats
margarine, bacon, lard, butter and checst.
In peson-time 48 Germans had to get one-half of their=fals from `abroad. This was;=fata]}} onoe; it will be'fsini again 12-1h6 'Gorman na military effort and
PLEASE Turn To Para 9′′
The
Air
Briton Describes Sky Invasion
STONISHING accounts of
the methods of German parachute troops In Holland have been given by an English business man who was in The Hague, during the. Arst bom- bardment of the elly.
During a continuous 24-hour at rald he saw 1,000 parachute troops "dropped, and watelied some of them' making contact with members of the German Fifth Column in The Hague, including women sples.
This is the story in his own words:
"I arrived at The Hague on business on Thursday after noon. My hotel was empty, and when I asked for news they said: "We're waiting for them. They are coming over.' "I went to my top-floor room, but, decided not to sleep. At 3 a.m., just as dawn was break- ing, hundreds of aeroplanes edme over the elty, and bombs were falling everywhere. I
went out on the balcony and saw that the sky seemed alled with 'planes, and parachute troops were being dropped in large numbers on several parts of the clly.
"Meanwhile, the bombers concentrated their efforts on the important buildings, includ- ing the barracks. When the smoke and dust had subsided I saw that several bulldings, In- cluding the prison, had been destroyed.
"BOMBERS accompanied by fighters came over in waves of 200, flying sometimes as low ng 800 feet. While I watched, Dutch anti-aircraft guns bagged six large machines. One, 40-seater troop-carrier, burst into flames, struck mother, and brought both down: They do- stroyed three housca, and I saw 40 or 50 bodies in the streets,
"At the same time seaplanes with deluchable rubber púti- toons, cach containing 40 men, settled on the ahollow water near the shore. Five hundred men were landed on the beach In this way, wading ashore from the pontoons,
"I was told that the para- chute troops had orders to make their
to буду
the principal buildings. They took two of these. Dutch machine-gunkers
-approached:----Later-they-drove- them out with grenades.
"During the air bombardment I saw six small Dutch machines being chased over the rooftops liko-sparrows -pursued-by
hawks.
"THE presence of members of the Fifth Columas Was shown by the way parachute troops approaching mäin build- inga were given directions by residents, including women, in houses
near.
These people clapped their hands to attract the attention of the parachutists and gave them instructions.
ព
an
"Some were caught in interesting way. On the night before orders were issued that overy Dutch soldier must carry revolver. The German para- chute troops, although dressed In Dutch uniforms, had no re volvers. They were challenged and arrested. Two were shot out of band by the Dutch.ser- geant. Bean
"Many of these parachute
ali
were dressed kinds of costumes. Some wore the typical clothes of butchers and bakere" lads with baskets, filled with grenades and--other arms. ammunition, over their The ammunition was covered with white cloth.
"When they heard women at the clapping their hands windows of houses, they ap proached and mado contact with the spica inside.
•
"EACH parachute party numbered about 40, in charge
of
sergeant. These men took the town hall, museum and library near tho squaro. A civillon defence corps, armed only with butchers knives, : was formed immediately to counteract the parachutists. They wore the words anti- parachute corps' on their arms.
"I leamed later from a friend. that the British Legation was surrounded by between 12 and 20 German soldiers with man. ching-guns Beveral members of the legation staff got away. to Ymulden, about miles from The Hague C
"This short:- journay. ) I› Was toid, took eight hours, Thuys, wore stopped every half hour, and had to break through ambushes, of parachute trnope: and spica An-convoys 159 2buses crawloð drƐ this way from. The Hague to Ymulddad
30