.6
Friday,
HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
April 26, 1940.
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Tue prefix "pecial to the Telegraph" i used by the longkong Telegraph to Indicata nows which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni- cations Ordinance, 1634. Such news N bears the indication UP" is received in Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbid republication, elther wholly or in part without previous arrangement.
Nazi Strategy
A
2/4/40
new postage stamp is being Issued for Hitler's Sist birthday. It is a reproduction of one of a special series of pictures taken by Henrich Hoffmann, Hitler's photographer, with the object of showing that the Fuehrer is a "kind man who loveno children." The stamp shows Hiller bending down over a little girl- Our Own Correspondent.
The
THE FRIEND OF THE CHILDREN
Best
are made Fairyland
WHEN a strategical blunder han WHO, or what, is Bofors? It
been made retribution does not always follow immediately. Initial success may be achieved when the false move is made behind a screen of treachery and surprise. But in the long run the penalty has to be paid.
There seems no reason for doub! that Germany has made blunder of
the first order.
the
the name of the finest gun-making concern in world.
Greater than Krupp; Schnci- der Vickers, Skoda,
You may have seen the name mentioned in the newspapers lately because of Russia's ag- gression against Finland.
now
The world's eyes are turning to Sweden, and here
· JOACHIM JOSETEN, expert on Scandinavian affairs, tells you of the great arma- ment factory of Bofors, which is in the heart of a peaceful and peace-loving larid.
Guns
in
of the Bofors works, but the Swedish Government swiftly passed on act specially designed to prevent this, after a stirring speech by Richard Sandler, the Swedish Foreign MiniĄ- ter.
Terror
of the
SEAS
FOR the last sixty years,scien- tists have been experiment- ing with the destruction of ships and the tuking of life by' means. of mines,
The iden
originated in the six- teenth century, when attempts were made to use floating charges of ex-. He denounced the German grip onplosive against ships and bridges. Sweden's war industry as wholly in-
The modern mine is one of the compatible with the country's in-deadliest weapons of warfare.
terests.
No sooner had the German in-} It is laid in position by mine- terests in Bofors been quidated layer, either a surface boat or a sub- marine, which can get rid of 200 than Great Britain began to mani- nines in one trip. fest a keen interest In made guns.
Swedish-
The mines run along rails inside the bellom of the mine-laying vessel into So then the Nazl press started mine-traps, from which they silde on hammering away, in virulent tones, steeply curved rails into the water at the allegedly "un-neutral" attitude and sink. with the Bofors management that it of Sweden if she dared to lend her takes at least 20 years of training to help to Britain's rearmament, enger make a really good constructor. Sweden, however, did full some
huge British orders.
There may be bigger arms factor- ies than Bofors, but there is none quite like it for quality.
dest ironworks, in 1046 endowed with royal privileges, was the cradle of the present world-spanning trust.
For two and a-half centuries the Bofors works remained in private
Although the audacity of her coup
Sweden, and the countries through- and the skill with which it was out the world who are her organisell are impressive, retribution customers,, wondered, when Hitler
Thus Bofors commands to-day on has begun to follow, not merely invaded Norway, if he were not at
menace unequalled stock of highly skilled because liberties were taken with the same time becoming a
to Sweden's Bofors, and to her rich workers, whose craftsmanship has strategical principles, but because it
iron are deposits.
been passed on from father to son for seems pretty certain that Hitler had
Bofors is not the name of an en generations, "made-at-least two-false-nasumptions. terprising individual-bul-of-a-small-
Bofors boasts manufacturing“ It seems impossible that he contem-community hidden in the heart of tradition of nearly 300 years: a me- plated the possiblity of Norway offer- Central Sweden. ing resistance, or that he considered the chance of the Allied navies operating successfully in the Skager- rak and Kattegat against the line of communication of his main invading force. Much less did he imagine that they would penetrate to the Baltic.
The Germans, priding themselves on their army and air force, seem to have refused to acknowledge the potency of the naval weapon or its offensive potentiallies, though they muy realise its effectiveness as beleaguering force.
Mars' Workshop
and silvery brooks.
Bofors is
There are various kinds of mine.. The British variety, when it is re- leased, is pulled downwards by a Big Developments
weight to which it in attached by a mooring line. In the last war Ger- Untrue, however, is a report cir-man mines were often so designed culated abroad that Great Britain that after resting on the sea-bed for had actually bought Bofors and sub-a short interval to ensure the mine aldiaries. Such a sale would be layer's safety, they detached them- wholly inadmissible both under the selves from the weight (called the existing Swedish law and the statutes sinker) and rose unattached of the Bofors
mathematically determined depth Company.
There is also an oscillating mine. Nor is it conceivable that Sweden would have been willing to alien- which drifts, and by mechanical ate the most valuable asset of her means maintains itself at a pre-nr- national defence.
ranged depth. Being heavier then
GRIN AND BEAR IT
to t
marines, and shallow to destroy sur.. Mines are laid deep to attack sub-
face vessels. Often they are laid in zig-zag patterns.
A caprice of Nature placed the ownership.
The fact is that Bofors, to com- the water it sinks, but as soon as it "world's armoury"-as
ply with the British demand for sinks to a certain level a propeller rightly called-in a landscape that In 1873, a joint stock company was farge and quick deliveries," had toļis switched on and forces it up again
an Im formed, of which the entire share breathes peace. Imagine mense expanse of melancholy pine- capital passed, 21 years later, into the proceed to further plant enlarge- until at the higher level the propeller ments. These extensions were part-automatically switches off, the mino wood, sprinkled with limpid lakes hands of Dr. Alfred Nobel, the ly financed by the British.
begins to sink again, and the process Swedish
who longed to be a gentus
Sweden benefits indirectly by these is renewed, Suddenly, in this fairyland setting, poet, made a fortune out of guns and measures should she ever be dragged It is claimed that this kind of mine
ammunition and then donated his dreamer stumbles upon millions to selence and peaco. Nobel the
Into D conflict. roving
cannot be swept up. the Workshop of Mars.
On the other hand, it is obvious personifles Sweden, the pacifist world that her risks are greatly increased
* Unless he has been
warned by
arms supplier.
by the tie-up with Great Power the endlessly rolling thunder from
the World War, Germany poiltles which such a wholesale arms Not even Hitler could have expect-the nearby test-shooting ground (20 After ed that the detachments occupying miles long) he will step unawares partially succeeded in getting control trade involves. Norway's western parts would be able from the peaceful gloom of the forest to maintain their communications by into an ocean of dazzling lights and LTD.se. He must have counted on being bustling activity.
able to establish communications with Before his eye now stretches them by land from Oslo, and to re-huge complex of mines, furnaces, inforce them before the Allies could foundries, forges, mills, workshops, Iand troops to attack them. If Nor and laboratories where 5,500 work way had tamely submitted that would day and night, in three shifts. have been an easy matter, for rail- In the stately head offee bulid- way communication would have beening of the "Aktiebolag (joint stock available except in the case of company) Bofors" a staff of 650, Narvik. And if,
contrary to his comprising 370 designers and con- expectations, Norway showed fight, structors, strives hard to cope with the force landed at Oslo could have the unrelenting onrush of foreign been reinforced to overwhelming size,orders. provided that the British Navy, sub- Jected to alt attack from Denmark and bases established in Southern Norway, did not dare to enter the Skagerrak.
A MILITARY · BAND CONCERT
- AT THE
PENINSULA HOTEL
SUNDAY
28th APRIL, 1940
By Tho
BAND OF THE 1ST BATTALION THE MIDDLESEX REGIMENT (D.C.O.)
By dad permission of Major H. W..M. Stewart, O.BE., M.C. and Officers Conductor: Mr. W. E. Kifford, A.R.C.M., Bandmaster
IN THE LOUNCE
9 P.M. TILL 11 P.M. Admission $1.00
PROCEEDS IN AID OF
THE BRITISH WAR ORGANISATION FUND
If that was his conception, it is easy to see how it has been falsified by, first, the gallant resistance of the
How It Grows
More than 40 States, from world's greatest Empire to smallest republic, foren Bofors ellentele.
Norwegians and, second, the offensive times, by a glance where the com-|
action of the Navy.
How International Sweden's arms) trade is inay be judged in normal into the comforta- ble "Brukshotellet," pany's foreign visitors mostly con- trollers and observers-are lodged, often for months and years on end. - Here swarthy Iranians und ges- Spaniards mby rub shoulders with phlegmatic "Britons
We do not know how many Ger- mans landed at Oslo, but we can con Aldently assume that they are deficien! in artillery, mechanised arms and transport. Some might have been tlculating sunk by the but, in any case,
way
it is highly improbable that complete- and domineering Germans. though
ly equipped divisions were conveyed
in the first feet of transports.
Will it be possible to reinforce the troops which have been landed or to
directly a war breaks out Bofors stops delivering orders to the nations in- volved.
world
The whole rhythm of the keep them supplied now that mine- armamenta race, since Hitler set it felds have been laid and the German going in 1933, can be read in the Navy is 'dispersed and weakened?annual returns of Bofors. The extension of the minefield into
From £1,300,000 or so at the end
the Baltic is an indication that Allied of 1933. Bofors order books swelled nival power has come there to stay, to £10,000,000 for 10371
Time,
as always, la a factor in the altuation, and if the Germans cannot speedily reinforce the Calo troops and equip them sufficiently to overcome Norwegian resistance the detachments on the west const soon will be in a desperately isolated position.
Unlike many another munitions maker, Bofors need not be scored by the spectro of raw material shortage.; The company is self-sufcient in iron) ore, scrap and explosives.
Gun-making is no matter for Im- provisation. It is on accepted dogmal
REGISTER HERE
By Lichty its soft lead sprouting horns
BUSINESS COLLEGE
"You'll find we give our students a thorough. business- like point of view-not one of our graduatos has over married for love!"
A mine is exploded when one of 15 touched by a ship.
The process is this: In the horns is acid. The Impact releases the acld which acts on a wire, which, in its turn. causes a primary charge of black powder to fire the main charge of 300lb. of high explosive.
British mines are so designed that
They
their become adrift front moorings a spring is released which renders them harmless.
According ta The Hague Conven-
tion of 1907, which Germany ac- cepted; mine-laying is prohibited. outside enemy territorial waters.
The same Convention laid down that drifting mines should become in- active one hour after they are first dangerous.
Mine-sweeping is done by two ves- sels some distanco apart joined by a wire, along which is distributed a explosive sexics of mechanical or wire-cutters.
This Is dragged beneath the sur- face, the moorings of the mines are cut, and the mines bob up to the sur face, where they can be destroyed' or swept up. A different problem. arises when the mine lins no moor- Ings.
An ingenious enemy can follow the mine-sweepers in a submarine, lay- ing new mines in a field which his adversary believes to have been ren- dered safe.
At the end of the last war a special mine-sweeping force was enrolled,. consisting of 600 oMeers and 15,000 men, and over 23,000 Allled mines- and some 70 German mines were cleared from the sea in the course of: La year,
3