Thursday,
HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
April 25, 1940.
MAGAZINE PAGE
THIS WAS THE NAVY'S LAST PRINCE OF WALES
Another
Prince of Wales
joins the Navy
A new battleship has been added to the Royal Navy. Old-time tradi- tion has been upheld. There is yet another Prince of Wales in the fighting Flect. A famous ship's name is revived.
The naming of British warships is always a subject of considerable care. This year, it is estimated, 100 vessels of various classes, rang- ing from battleships to river sloops, will take the water-an average of about two per week.
Nearly every new ship will have a distinctive name which will carry on the long traditions of the Senior Service.
There sit from time to time in a room in the Admiralty in Whitchull o special committee of naval officers and experts.
They decide on what names for new ships should be suggested to the First Lord for subsequent sub- mission to the King. For the name of every ship in the Royal Navy must be approved by his Majesty.
The new Prince of Wales is the successor to a privateer employed by the exiled King James I., and captured by the forces of King Wil Bum in 1603.
The first line-of-battle ship to bear the naine, however, was not pui into service until 1705, when a vessel of 74
guns was built at Mil- ford and named after the future Prince Regent, then an infant of _two_and_a_half_ years.
A
contemporary witness describes the scene at the launching: "Ten thousand spectators covered, the hills all round, which with several of II.M. ships, a great number of sloops, and other vessels made a beautiful appearance,...
"The decorations and carved are light, graceful, and wood elegant. The head is a bust of HRH supported on each side by Liberty and Wisdom and appearing with all the dignity of a Prince of the Ancient Britons."
The ship fought at Grenada and was blown up 15 years inter, a very short life for a man-of-war in those days.
The next Prince of Wales was a vessel of 8 guns which fought at the Glorious First of June and only missed being in line at Trafalgar owing to the fact that she was ordered to take home Sir Richard
Spotting the Rank
LIEUTENANT
The duties of a Lieutenant generally consist of assisting the Company Commander; in the infantry he commands a platoon and in the artillery a
section
of two guns. Ho is pro- motod to
Liouton ant from Second Liouton ant aftor throo years' scr- vico.
pro- vided he is fit for such promotion, Ho is ro- sponsiblo to his Com-
the pany Commander for officiency, comfort and con- tentment of the mon of the subunit of which he is in chargo.
Pay: £435 a year after throo year; £462 after six years' service.
Calder, who was recalled. for not fighting his forces to a finish in an action with the French off Cape Finisterre.
The following Prince of Wales had her design changed twice, and was finally built as a screw three- decker in 1860. Sho Was never commissioned, and was renamed Britannia and anchored at Dart- mouths as
એક વી trainlig ohip. The inst ship of the name was a 15,000-tons battleship of the Queen class, dat- ing from 1902, and took part in the last war.
A New Lion THE Royal Navy will soon have new battleship called Lion, which will replace in the naval roster the flagship of Lord Bestly at Jutland.
The Lions have a history of more than 400 years, for it was in 1511 that the Brst Lion is recorded, a small ship of 120 tons, captured from Scotland,
The seventh of the ginnt battle- ship now building is the Temeralre - "name of fair renown" as was recorded when Turner painted his Immortal picture of the old Fighting Temeraire being towed to the ship- breakers yard, exhibited in the Royal Academy in 1830.
This was the famous ship which was second in Nelson's line at Trafalgar. Her captain saw that the Victory was getting a great- deal of enemy fire and manoeuvred his ship to protect her. Nelson Immediately signalled that she go astern at once, where she was bad- ly damaged.
But when the end came, two hours after, it is related, "This magnificent ship lay with a French 74 on each side of her, both her prizes, one lashed to her mainmust
one to her anchor." When she was Anally scrapped, the occasion was mode, one of almost national mourning.
and
the
The
A new Illustrious has already been commissioned. She is Navy's latest aircraft-carrier. orginal Illustrious was with. Hood before Toulon in the Revolutionary wars. The second, after taking part in the ill-fated Walcheren expedition in 1800, became a train- ing ship.at Portsmouth,
The last ship was a battleship of 14,000 tons built in 1805.
She had a sister ship, Victorious, in the samo class. There is about lo be another Victorious, also un aircraft-carrier. The first Vic- lorious was a 74-gunner which took part in the capture of the Cape of Good Hope.
Prize Captures THE
THE now
aircraft-enrriers
will also take two mare honoured names-Formidable and implacable. The first Formidable was captured from the French by Lord Hawke at the battle of Qul- beron Bay in 1750. Another was at the relief of Gibraltar.
Likewise
the
the first Implacable was a
a prizo capture from French, this time in the Napoleonic
WITS.
Everyono will welcome the revival of old traditions in the names of many of the new smaller vessels-cruisers, destroyers, sub- marines, and depot ships.
The cruiser Bonaventure hos already been launched. The name has n history dating back to Henry VIII. Drake made his Inst Voyago in o · Bonaventure. A Bonaventure carried the Duke of Cumberland's flag at the fight with the Armada. She few Droko's Ong when that redoubtablo sellor "singed the King of Spain's beard" in 1585 on the occasion of the dar- ing rald at Cadiz.
There has been a Bonaventure In nearly every war of the past two and a half centuries.
PUT BACK THE CLOCK
Budget Speech
1896
ΤΟ 8d. (UPROAR);
INCOME TAX WAS UP
BRITAIN FACED HER FIRST PEACE-TIME (100,000,000 BILL; THEY
WANTED ANOTHER COUPLE OF MILLION FOR
THE NAVY (UNPRECEDENTED INCREASE")
*WITIL reference to the enormous Increase In expenditure the great question ought to be considered whether it is not now increasing faster than the capacity to bear it.”
Wise words, you may think, in days when Income tax is 75. Bd. in £ and and the country, faces u Budget of £2,600,000,000.
Well-and who said them? They were spoken, with due solemnity, by Sir Michael Hicks - Beach ("Black Michael") when he open- ed his Budget in 1890.
It was a stupendous occasion. For the first time in the peace history of Britain, the Budget hod risen to £100,000,000. Income tax (oh, intolerable burden!) stood at Bd. in the £. It had been 2d. in 1874, had risen to 6d. by 1884, and, after fluctuations, was 8d. by 1891.
These facts were noted with ominous lead - shakinga.
There
were references in the debate to the "unprecedented " - increase in expenditure, which was mainly on a big scheme of naval expansion.
This cost the taxpayers £2,000,- 100 more than in 1895, and brought the outlay on the Navy up to a grand total of £21,823,000, or about one-seventh of the sum we are spending to-day.
Sir Henry Fowler (Wolverhamp ton) spoke severely about the in- come tax in 1800. "I assume," he sold, "that in the opinion of the Government, Bd. in the £ is to be taken as the normal pence rate of income tax. But in my opinion &d. is a very fair rate to impose in time of peace." (Cheers.)
The inconic inx had been first imposed in 1841 (except for a short period during the Napoleonic wars) by Sir Robert Peel to compensate- him for the loss of duties offer the repeal of the Corn Laws. It was a "temporary measure"-which has never been relaxed,
All For £200,000 THERE was a great Budget storm, 100, in 1897, when Sir Michel Hicks-Beach proposed to spend money on increasing the Harrison in South Africa.
The Liberal Opposition at once raised the ery of a "war polley." Sir William Harcourt (how famillar it all sounds) trounced Mr. Joseph Chamberlain and said, "The Oppo- sition will offer a most determined resistance to money being spent on promoting aggressive and worlike policies in South Africa."
Then, after a dramatic pause, and pointing an accusing finger, he cried: "You are asking for £200,- 000!"
And it was true. No wonder the country was shaken to its financial foundations.
Cries of "Ruin" have punctuated nearly every Budget speech. As far back as 1838, when the country was spending about £85,000,000 a year on everything, Mr. Gladstone warned Parliament about
the "great, rapid, and menacing ex- penditure" which wealthy Victorian England was incurring.
Do not imagine that the expen- diture of our grandfathers was as great as is to-day in comparison with their national income.
WOB
When annual Budgets were about £70,000,000 in the 1870's, the no- tional Income
more than £1,000,000,000 a year, In other words they spent about,
7 per cent, of their income. To-day England Is spending
that propor- times tion on defence alone; and for purposes sho is disbursing more than 42 per cent. of her entire no- ional receipts.
The time they took in those days, tool Why, Mr: Gladstone once or- rupled Ava, hours 'in' counting up the ha'pence.
But when Mr. Donar Law came to deal with the all-time high in British Budgets-the accounts of 1018 he got through them in about two hours. And in that time he had disposed of £2,072,000,000. Never before or since, not even in the figures presented by Sir John Simon yesterday, have such astron- omical figures been submitted,' .
We were at war, of course. The
Norman Hillson United Kingdom was then spending
nearly £7,000,000 a day to pay for 1. Mr. Gladstone would have been bankrupt in ten days at that raic. But in 1010 there were no shouts of alarm. We had gol past alarm after four years of war, In fact, the whole debate was remarkable for the absence of such justifiable adjectives as "gigantle," "colossal," or "unbearable."
A Luxury Tax Then:
MR. BONAR LAW was quiet and unemotional. All he permitted himself at the outset was the re- mark that his statement would be on a scale "far exceeding any that has been known at any time or in any country."
Later in his speech he said, "We really must be moderate In the amount we raise by taxation." He explained that he was asking for a mere £774,000,000 on the exist ing basis of taxation, and he asked the indulgence of the House for proposals to raise another £114.- 000,000 in new taxes.
He increased the super-tax from 39. Gd.. to 4s. 6d; doubled the tax on farmers, on spirits (making 5s. a bottle), on beer; put 2d, on tobacco, Id, on matches, 1d. on sugar; imposed a luxury tax of 20. In the Is.; raised postage from id.
The Photographer
How
10 1d.; the stamp on cheques from 1d. to 2d.
And he increased the income tax from 5s. to 89. in the £.
The reception of that news was so remarkable that it is worth quoting:
Mr. Bonor Law: 1 should have been glad to leave it at 5a., but that
La impossibic, and I propose to in- crease the rate and make it da. in the £.
Hon. members: Hear, hear, and Not enough!
Mr. Bonar Law: I hope the ex- clarations I have just heard re- flect the general view of income- tax payers.
There
was a bit of grumbling, of course, but George Robey had a song about it, and people laughed
off.
The
war was won that year. One other passage in Bonar Law's statement is worth noting.
It
He said the figures were "an amaz- ing testimony to the financial stability this country to thank
of
Britons have, after
Gladstone and Hicks-Beach and all the others for that. If they had not looked after the pennies, Sir John Simon could not have been so prodigal with the pounds.
G. M. Murray
Enlargements Are Made
Enlarging brings out detail you can't soo
In a email print. Both these prints were made from the sama negative. Only part of the negative was used, with surplus background and foreground aroa masked
out. This le another advantage of the enlarging process-you can include Just what you want, and omit excess material at the top, bottom, and sides of the picture.
BIG pictures are always better than small ones.
Not only is a large picture more impressive, but also it shows more detail-bringing out features that can hardly be seen at all in the small print.
Therefore,
every enthusiastic amateur photographer has his best pictures enlarged and, usually, looks forward to the time when he can have an enlarger of his own. Of course, he can always obtain excellent enlargements from his photo-finisher-but the genuina hobbyist likes the thrill of experi- menting, and making big prints himself.
With a modern precision-built- enlarger. It is easy to produce enlargements.
In some respects, it's easier than contact printing.
The film negative is simply slipp ed into a carrier, which its a slot in the enlarger lamp house.
When the lamp is turned on, an enlarged image is projected on a paper holder below the enlarger Jens.
You slip a sheet of sensitized paper into the paper holder-make
the exposure-then develop the paper as you would a contact print.
*
DY moving the enlarger head up and down, you can make printa any size up to the imitations of the enlarger.
In some enlargers, the head can also be swung to a horizontal posi- tion, so that huge prints may be projected on a nearby wall..
One type of precision enlarger is designed so that it can also be used as a camera, for taking pictures.
The great advantage of enlarg- ing, in addition to big prints, is that you can try special cheels.
For example, by a simple process known as "dodging," you can hold back certain parts of the image and give more exposure to other parts.
Thus you can bring out detall (or subdun it) wherever you wish. Too, you can make diffused prints, combination prints, prints with special textures-all sorts of novel effects.
Of course, for fun in photo- graphy, you don't have to have an enlarger, or even make your own contact prints. Millions of amateurs don't. But for the real onthusiast, enlarging adds Interest and voluc to the camera hobby,
Library; Sprouty Courth
It's Spring
tim
time
Brighten up with these accessories
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Newest colourings
$2.50 each
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from $5.95 each
LACE COLLAR & CUFF SETS
DRESS BELTS
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SNOODS
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COSTUME
JEWELLERY
Brooches, Bracelets, Necklacs, Etc.
from $7.50
The last word in chic. A snood for every hairstyle. Day, Evening & Sports wear. prices 45c., 60c. & $1.00 ea. Whiteaway, Laidlaw & Co., Ltd.
SALE EXTRAORDINARY
RADIOS & RADIO-GRAMOPHONES
REAL BARGAINS
ALL
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FROM $30.00 UPWARDS
TSANG FOOK PIANO COMPANY
Marina House,
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Phone 24648.
PRESIDENT
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HONGKONG to SINGAPORE direct
Last week in April
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Middle of May
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