Tuesday,
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March 5, 1940.
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Thongkong
Tuesday, March 5, 1940.
Wyndham St., Hongkong
Telephone: 20015
THE prefix "Apecial to the Telegraph" i used by the Hongkong Telograph" to Indicate news which is alricity copyright ander the provisions of the Telecommuni cations Ordinance, 1916 Auch news A bears the Intention “UP" k received to Rongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbid repobilcstion. either wholly or in part without prevíans arrangement
The Small Nations
sergeant who
swears .
W
re-
E in Great Britain seem to have placed our old bar- rack square disci- pline with a peculiar form of psycho-analytical treatment.
WHEN about twelve months ago President Roosevelt asked Hitler to pledge himself that he would not attack the independent nations of Europe for ten years
Recruits are no longer spoken to sharply if they are idle in case no satisfaction was given. When
they are upset, and the father- the smaller nations were asked | Unçss of the modern command- to say whether they were afraiding officer seems certain to
of a German attack they held their peace. They appeared to be afraid of the bully's ill-will.
make the barracks a perfect
'home from home."
There are soldiers in our army to-day who have been in training for three months and yet walk about the streets of the garrison towns as if they had just got out of bed after a heavy night
The past year has brought a **❤❤ | startling change. There is not a single one of the small nations but is acutely apprehensive of assault. The three Baltic States were swallowed whole by Russia,cipline except on their own units.
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and she is now engaged in a
painful effort to absorb Finland. Alarmed by the fate of these, all the other small nations are feverishly strengthening their defences, determined to resist any attack upon their liberties.
King Carol has declared that Rumania will never allow an enemy to set foot upon her soll. Because Holland has made no war-like boasts doubts have been expressed of her will or capacity to resist aggression. She has boldly dispelled that illusion. The Government announces in the plainest possible words that any assault on Dutch territory will be met with the most obstinate armed resistance.
Belgium, at the moment, is silent, but she could have no choice but resistance if Holland were assailed by a German flank- ing movement on the Maginot Line. It is no pessimistic view to regard tho position
of *************Norway, Sweden, and Denmark as critical in the extreme. Switzerland, till lately considered to be the safest country in Europe, has mobilised all her forces, and has 650,000 men ready to oppose any attempt by Germany to break through there. Use latest equipment and own prepared: The danger to the Balkan States
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Bourco, comes from another Russia, and anxious efforts are being made to procure adjust- mont of their differences lest disaster overtake them.
There is not a spot on the map of Europe but is threatened with war, and a false move anywhere might precipitate a Continental
war.
|
The saluting is slovenly and of- cers seem unwilling to limpose dis.
Omeers, non-commissioned off- cers and men are mixing in public pla places, and where attempts to tighten discipline occur parents and the modern soldiers them- selves become clasa conscious and insist that a private soldier is as good as a general.
He may be, but no war was ever won on that basis, and unicas something is done to tighten dis- cipline over here I dread to think what
will happen in the front line when the real war starts.
I will explain this criticism. When troops are in the front line and are belag badly shelled or have suffered heavy casualties over
Commanded the International Brigada's British Battalion in Spain.
T
HERE are two sorts of discipline. Ono la tho obedienco men give to orders they know aro necessary and to leaders they respect.
•
It goes beyond obedience; dis- olplined soldiers do, not have to wait for orders or find an officer before they do what they know is needed; their own willingness, - their feeling of shared responal-
bility, can lead them.
says Oliver
BALDWIN
(Viscount, Corpedale) Socialist son of a Conservative father; author, soldier, Alm critic,
ez-M.P.
a period of days, there is only one thing that can keep them working as a unit and that is the discipline of the barrack square-the con- tinuous, tedious, tiring marching, turning and halting,
Baluting, some of you say. is uri- necessary. I thought so, once, but I have been with revolutionary armies and I know which side wins -the disciplined, saluting type.
When I say discipline, I do not mean Guards discipline of the pre- 1014 type. This was overdone, but its basis was right.
Remember, too, the Guards had a different code to the rest of the Line in those days. No non-com- missioned officer was allowed to swear at the men on parade: the men's offences were put in a book and the punishment was held over till next day.
In the line regiments we used to be aworn at and it was all over. Two kinds of discipline, but which did the soldier prefer?
I liked the swearing type of ser- geant. Ho rarely meant what he said, and the trouble was quickly over. To-day the sergeants hardly dare reprimand: the new soldier must remain a civilian in spirit.
When discipline is as slack as
of that sort of discipline no army can have too much-and the *** British army needs more.. But that. is not the sort of discipline Mr. Baldwin wants.
He asks for the other sort:
Was in France with the Irish
Guards in 1916 at 17
that it is more than ever essential that omcers, non-commissioned officers and men should be acgre- gated as much as possible; for if you add familiarity to slovenliness. sensitiveness to reprimand and casual saluting you have got nothing better than a mob, and three months front-line service will completely disorganise it,
The only part of military disci- pline which is abominable 18 in- Justice, and in the modern Army t should not occur as cnally as it used to In the last war,
For the rest am convinced by experience in the Infantry, in the Guards, in the front-line, and in a revolutionary army that a sterner discipline than that which our troops are undergoing at present is essential for victory.
THE
DOCTOR LAUGHS
A DOCTOR, in the good old days, called at a country cottage and said to the good- wife, "Did you get those leeches. I sent for your husband, Mre.. Macfarlane?"
"Oh, ay, sir," was the reply. "But whit P the warld was the guid o' sendin' wee things like yon for a muckle chiel' like oor Jock? I juist took an' clappit the ferret on him."
Another village doctor, after examining a young patient, said to his mother, "And what are you going to make of this little man when he grows up?"-
"Och, he's shaire to be a butcher, sir," said the fond mother. "Mexty, tie's that fond o' animals, we canna keep him cot the slaughter-hoose." Weelum was feeling very "low" when the doctor called,
Well.
Wechum, and how are you.
to-day?" inquired the doctor.
Verra bad; verra. bad. I wish Providence wad ha'e mercy on me an' take me awa","
"Hoots, Weelum," said his wife, who was standing by, "hoo can yo expec' that if ус winna tak' the doctor's pheeste?"
The new doctor had been called in to attend one of Mrs. M Tosh's large family On entering the house he Bald, "I detect rather a disagreeable smell in the house, Mrs. M'Tosh. Are you sure the drains
“Och, it canna be the drains, air," she indignantly "There's nane here ava'."
Natd
An Irish doctor, who had been called on to examine the vicům of on uceldent, gave judgment as fol-- lows: There arc three wounds. One may prove fatal, but I expect he will recover from the other two."
One day the doctor called at a farm labourer's cottage, "How is your husband this morning?” he ask- cd buxom woman who opened the door to him. "Did you take his temperature as I told you?"?
"Oh, ay, sir," she replied. "I put the barometer on his chest, an' it. PLEASE Turn To Page 2.
Saluting will
never win a war
SAYS TOM WINTRINGHAM
Bon of a solicitor, nephew of one of the first woman BIPs, and an expert on military afairs.
barrack-square drill, smart salut- ing, separation of officers and men, swearing sergeants, reprimands, sternness,
That sort of discipline is useless to-day. It destroys the strongest moral force in an army, the feeling of comradeship. It makes men dependent on constant supervision. They do nothing beyond what they are told to do. That to-day is not enough.
An army in modern battle splits -Itself into a tightly-woven mesh of little groups; it is not possible for an officer or sergeant to be with each group, or for orders to reach it continuously,
Our appallingly heavy casualites among officers in the last war WAS partly due to officere trying to be everywhere and look after every man in the line, The amount of fire
on a battlefield can be much greater to-day than in 1916, and the job cannot be done that way.
Mr. Baldwin thinks that the dis- cipline of tho barrack-square holds troops to their job. I think of the Canadians and Australians... our" shock troups " of the last war. And I think of the International Brigades in Spain-a very useful infantry,
The Canadians seldom drilled and very aoldom saluted. The In- ternationals, averaging Aro weeks training, had little time for drill; they saluted quite often, though not so often as some troops. Their real discipline did not depend on this, or any other formality.
Discipline of the barrack-square type touches two good things: to move without falling over your- selves, and to get in line without crowding. Beyond this it has little value for war, or in harmful.
Officers should not, for mobbish
reasons, or for false ideas about. discipline, shut themselves off from their men-unless they are. officers unatted to lend. If they are leaders by merit, not by social. class or influence, the better thele men know them the stronger will be their unity.
Democratic discipline forces men
to carry on because it enlists their inteligence, their eagerness, thetr
in doing a job woll. Barrack.... prido squaro
discipline works only through fear and habit. To-day. intelligence is the stronger.
As Marx pointed out, the- organisation of an army often foreshadows the future social. organisation of the country it is drawn from.
The comradeship trenches
of the " in the last war forg shadowed the classicas society to which we are moving. In 1914-18 it
-"day":
was an exception: to- barrack discipline is the exception. We are, by this change towards. a democratic army; a step nearer" the wider democracy of Boctailem...