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Tougheng Gelegraph BRITAIN'S WAR EFFORT
Wednesday, January 31, 1940.
Wyndham St., Hongkong
Telephone: 20015
THE prefix Special to the Telegraph
is used by the Hongkong Telegraph" to
Indicate news, which is strictly copyright
ECENTLY Mr. Lloyd the told George country what steps
The
under the prestalons of die Telecommunis he took to speed up our war
callons Ordinance, 1936 Buch Bewe as
bears the Indication "U" is received in effort when he became Prime
Lengkong on the date of publication by
serve all sigbla and republication,
arrangement.
part
Lesson
of
1914-1918
3in. 20cwt anti-aircraft.
lishment of heavy artillery, was that it made it worth while new the United Press, Arzociatour, ho- Minister twenty-three years which reflected the influence of to instal new machinery on a guns to protect the whole of tho effer, wholly or in part without previous ago. But he did not recall these discussions at Boulogne. larger scale and so hasten the front. A few weeks later the
of that some
his most Instead of "alege, artillery" dates at which inrge deliveries Home Defence Command sub-. anti-aircraft güns for London Maximum Food Production notable contributions to our being moved as hitherto from could be made in the critical mitted a similar demand for
of the front to months of 1916.
and vital points in this country. success in the war were one
Finally, in the carly autumn. he became another, he asked that cach WITH five months of the war
made before
division and army corps should behind us we may feel some
FOR nearly 12 months the Cabinet decided to arm all British merchant ships and re- confidence that racasures have Prime Minister. In parti- Have its own establishment. He
the Lloyd George been taken in good time to cular, his work in speeding therefore asked for one 60 pår. produce more food from up munitions had already and one Gin. howitzer battery munition programme was the quested the Ministry to allot to Britain's own' soil. The Minister produced great results by per division, and two batteries
of either 8in. or 9.2in. howitzers subject of strong criticism in the Admiralty gun-making cap
the Government. Lord Kitch-acity for 10,000 guns.
These demands put a very for Agriculture has already re-
for every corps of three divi- ener told the Cabinet that it
great strain upon the plant cap- ported that the results of the December, 1916.
During the first nine months sións.
would never be possible to train city that had been organised But in spite Government scheme for plough-
This programme was to be artillery officers to handle so by the Ministry. ing un 2,000,000 acres of rough of the war, the British Army
of difficulties, these demands or worn-out grassland before were slow to realise the part
Mr. McKenna protested that were almost completely met in next summer had been "inspir-that would be played by heavy carried out as soon as possible vast an equipment.
In and during the next winter ing."
"In the last war it took artillery in trench warfare.
But the pressure did not cause four years to complete an equal the early months very few con- every effort should be made to it imposed an undue strain on task. In this case the intracts were placed-except for double this establishment by our finances and in particular
able to pay for the necessary year. Early in 1918 the muni portance of the farm was fore-field guns and howitzers, which the spring of 1916 if the war that dollars would not be avail- even with the great effort of that Finally, he asked that this raw materials, and nitro-cellu- tion programme of the United seen, and the plan to restore the were ordered in suficient. num- should continue so long."
States, which had enteret the fertility of pasture in the spring bers to keep pace with the
ed on the basis of 50 divisiona The Board of Trade objected war in April, 1917, was falling was set going before the war, growth of the New Kitchener establishment should be provid- lose from America.
-that-it-was-diverting..too..large: far behind schedule in spite of Even when it is carried out Armies.--
But deliveries were slow and in the field by March, 1916.---
a proportion of our resources the fact that many Américan much more will remain to be
6 ammunition,
A
from commercial work which firms had been manufacttiring done, for the amount of our the supply arable land was at the beginning which, had not been ordered in of the year more than 2,000,000 anything like sufficient quan- acres less than in 1914, Sir R. tities, was badly in arrears. Dornin-Smith has announced another ploughing campaign for the year after next spring, if the war continues. Whatever
effective use of all our resources
TO BE RELEASED at the KING'S Theatre Millions of acres of second and June 30, 52 howitzers had been
TO-MORROW
TOGETHER WITH
SMASHING ROMANTIC MELODRAMA
OF THREE WOMEN OF THE SKY. BRAVE, YOUNG, BEAUTIFUL!
ALICE
FAYE
CONSTANCE
BENNETT
NANCY
KELLY
TAIL SPIN
JOAN DAVIS
CHARLES FARRELL JANE WYMAN KANE RICHMOND
Wally Vainen • Joce Vainie Edward Nonis
Directed by Roy Dei Ruth
• Seroun Boy by and
A 20th Century-Fax Picture
Darryl & Zonick
to Charge of trade
Miss
1
By Sir Walter
1917.
Layton
L
.
ON June 30 this letter was needed to maintain our for the Allics for the previous
was forwarded to the economic life and in particular two years.
The delay was chiefly due to Ministry of Munitions with a our export trado.
Finally the programme was the unwise decision of the covering letter stating that if IN the late spring of the Ministry were able to meat opposed, by ulmost every other American War Department to 1915 the army for Sir John French's request, some Government Department on the turn over the American factories its course, we shall certainly be which provision was being made further guns would be needed ground that it monopolised too that had been busy on British previous years to American required to make the most was one of thirty divisions, for forces in other fields and to large a proportion of British and French munitions orders in
A table labour.
But thanks to the support of types and calibres and to intro- Mr. Asquith, the programme duce a third pattern of equip- with the least possible delay. Between August, 1914, and the provide for wastage. None of them has been so long First of June, 1916, orders had was therefore annexed showing
heavy requirements for 70 divisions.
By neglected or is capable of auch been placed for 110 great expansion as agriculture. howitzers of all calibres.
grassland, It is issued to the Army, most of third-rate officially estimated, are now these being converted naval or
Within a week, preparations was maintained in spite of all ment into France. The "change- yielding only a fraction of the coast defence guns. human food and animal feeding The Ministry of Munitions were begun in the Ministry to efforts to curtail it; and the over" in the factories and the stuffs which they once provided. was formed at the end of May, allocate orders and for helping rapidly growing output of guns inevitable delays in getting pro- The present objective of In the third week of June an manufacturers to provide labour and shells enabled the British duction going on a fresh set of In the spring of 1918, there- agricultural policy la rightly de- important conference, attended and machinery for this pro- Army to take the offensive on a products paralysed production fore, it was decided to equip tho fined as the maximum increase by a representative of G.H.Q., grumme. But in August, Mr. grand scale in July, 1916, thir- for many months.
American Army in Europe with in the productivity of the soil was held in Boulogne between Lloyd George, who was still, dis- teen months after the Ministry
and M. satisfied with the contractors' was established. and the maximum economy of Mr. Lloyd George
French field guns and British shipping and foreign exchange. Thomas, the French Minister of promises, raised the programme
THE complete justifica- heavy artillery and ammunition Britain imported last year Munitions, at which, among to a basis of 100 divisions plus
tion of Mr. Lloyd of 6in calibre and upwards for 7,500,000 tons of animal food, other matters, the requirements an additional margin varying farmers, of artillery were discussed. The from 10 per cent. to 20 per cent.
George's foresight quickly fol- the whole American Ariny. The
nearly more whother milk or meat is their principal suggestion put for for various types of gun.
By the end of August, the lowed. Between June and Octo- main product can eliminato ward at this meeting by the
this war are very, these imports by providing for French experts was the revolu their stock from their own land, tionary one that the number of programme was finally settled ber, 1918, the following succes
At the end of June the French different from those of the war the batter for the nation. By heavy guns (6in. and upwards) on the basis of a manufacturing sive demands were made upon
and howitzers. This was nearly the drst ploughing, programme in the field should equal the programme of 2,655 heavy guns the Ministry of Munitions:
six times as many as the total began to express alarm at the of 1914. In particular, our re agricultural dependence on sbd number of field guns. borno supplies should be much
Two days later, an inquiry number of heavy guns and rapid rate at which their guns sources have to provide much on were wearing out as the result more formidable machines and more personnel for the war in reduced. There is no intention from the War Office as to his Howitzers in existence or
of Verdun. Preparations were fence. But it is patent to every- how of demanding that wheat artillery requirements elicited order at the time the Ministry of the terrific firing in the battle the air and for anti-aircraft de- should be grown on land which from Sir John French a request came into being.
therefore put in hand for relin- one that we are as yet very far will not give a good yield. As
for a greatly increased estab- The programme for light field ing and renewing artillery on a from having called on the full.
resources of the country. to prices, the farmer must have
guns and howitzers was also very great scale, reasonable return. The possibly £9,000,000 for a full
There are two lessons to bo increased,
In the accond week of July Government plan of taking con- trol of the whole output of the year, and these figures are not were at once put in hand to the Commander-in-Chief wrote learned from the munition story Food. It is a heavy burden, but bring fresh firms into the busi- demanding a further big increase of 1916. One is that imaginative land provides for that, and repudinted by the Minister of ought to ensure that there are
if it maintains the consumption ness of gun manufacture. An in the standard establishment of planning is an essential of vic- ammunition programimo to heavy artillery, to be reached in lory. The second is that "Where no exaggerated increases.
and production of liquid milk
Once again, speed in action is. In the case of milk it has been through the strain of war and match this great equipment and two stages. The Ministry was there's a will there's a way.
¡provido 21 greatly increased able to reply that for the heavi- decided that the present level of rationing the money may be
Was covered by the peak of our effort the sooner retail prices shall be maintained well spent. Taken as a whole, ration per gun per day, was also cat howitzers the maximum vital; for the sooner we reach at the coat of "temporary the plans: bid fair to give Eng organised, with all its unsociated programme assistance" from the taxpayer land ampler security, to avoid demands for explosive, fuses, orders already placed and that the war will end. The call may, to the producers. The cost of the fever chart of boom and instruments of precisión, raw only a small deficit remainded to involve discomfort and sacrifice.
howitzers. this was calculated by Mr. A. V. slump which left farming to materials and additional labour, be covered in the caso of Gih. But, if it is made in the right Wetway, the response will be as ovor Alexander, the Co-operative disaster after the last war, and both skilled and unskilled.
Early in August, G.I.Q. ask whelming as it was twenty-five The primary justification for spokesman, at £3,000,000 for to establish the framework of the projected three months, a properly balanced agriculture, placing orders of this magnitude ed for a large number of the years ago.
and
arrangements
THE requirements of