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Songhong legraph BRITAIN'S WAR EFFORT
Wednesday, January 31, 1940.
Wyndham St., Hongkong
Telephone: 24015
THE prefx "special to the Telegraph"
is used by the "longkong Telegraph" to Indicate nows which is strictly copyright
R
ECENTLY Mr. Lloyd *******
George told the The
country what steps
ander the provisions of the Telecommuri. he took to speed up our war
callons Ordinance, 1910. Buch zOWN KA
bears the indicaton "Upets received in
Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re servo all rights and forbid republication,
arrangement.
either wholly or in part without previous
Maximum Food Production
Lesson
made before he became another, he asked that each
of
1914-1918
the Lloyd George
effort when he became Prime fahment of heavy artillery, was that it made it worth while new 3in. 20cwt anti-aircraft. Minister twenty-three years which reflected the influence of to instal new machinery on a guns to protect the whole of the ago. But he did not recall these discussions at Boulogne. larger scale and so hasten the front. A few weeks later the that some .of his most Instead of "siege artillery" dates at which large deliveries Home Defence Command sub- notable contributions to our being moved as hitherto from could be made in the critical mitted a similar demand for
part of the front to months of 1016.
anti-aircraft guns for London success in the war were one
und vital points in this country.. WITH five months of the war
Finally, in the early autumn: division and army corps should behind us we may feel some confidence that measures have Prime Minister. In parti- have its own establishment. He
FOR nearly 12 months the Cabinet decided to arm alli British merchant ships and re- been taken in good time to cular, his work in speeding therefore asked for one 60 pdr. produce
quested the Ministry to allot to 'more food from up munitions had already and one 6in. howitzer battery munition programme was the the Admiralty gun-making cap-- Britain's own soil. The Minister produced great results by per division, and two batteries. for Agriculture has already re-
December, 1916.
of either 8in. or 0.2in. howitzers subject, of strong criticism in
Lord Kitch- acity for 10,000 guns.
These demands put a very ported that the results of the Government scheme for plough-
During the first nine months for every corps of three divi. the Government."
ener told the Cabinet that it would never be possible to train great strain upon the plant cap. This programme was to be artillery officers to handle so by the Ministry.
acity that had been organised ing up 2,000,000 acres of rough of the war, the British Army sions.
But in spite worn-out grassland before were slow to realise the part next summer had been inspir that would be played by heavy carried out as soon as possible vast an equipment.
of difficulties, these demands Mr. McKenna protested that ing."
In the last war it took artillery in trench warfare, în and during the next winter
were almost completely met in four years to complete an equal the early months very few con- every effort should be made to it imposed an undue strain on 1917. task. In this
im-tracts were placed-except for double this establishment by our finances and in particular
But the pressure did not coase portance of the farm was fore- field guns and howitzers, which the spring of 1916 "if the war that dollars would not be avail- even with the great effort of that
able to pay for the necessary year. Early in 1918 the muni seen, and the plan to restore the were ordered in sufficient num- should continue so long."'
Finally, he asked that this raw materials, and nitro-cellu- tion programme of the United. fertility of pasture in the spring bers to keep pace with the was set going before the war, growth of the New Kitchener establishment should be provid- lose from America.
States, which had entered the ed on the basis of 50 divisiona The Board of Trade objected war in April, 1917, was falling Even when it is carried out | Armies,
that it was diverting too large far behind schedule in spite of a_proportion of our resources the fact that many American from commercial work which firms had been manufacturing ON June 30 this letter was needed to maintain sur for the Allies for the previous
was forwarded to the economic life and in particular two years. Ministry of Munitions with a our export trade.
The delay was chiefly due to covering letter stating that if Finally the programme was the unwise decision of the IN the late spring of the Ministry were able to meet opposed by almost every other American War Department to 1915 the army for Sir John French's request, some Government Department on the turn over the American factories.
or
case the
much more will remain to be But deliveries were slow and in the field by March, 1916.
anything like sufficient quan- tities, was badly in arrears.
done,- for the amount of our the supply of ammunition,-- arable land was at the beginning which had not been ordered in of the year more than 2,000,000 | acres less than in 1914. Sir R. Dorman-Smith has announced another ploughing campaign for the year after next spring, if the war continues. Whatever
effective use of all our resources
was
оле
its course, we shall certainly be which provision was being made further guns would be needed ground that it monopolised too that had been busy on British required to make the most
of thirty divisions. for forces in other fields and to large a proportion of British and French munitions orders in:
A table labour,
previous years to American. with the least possible delay. Between August, 1914, and the provide for wastage.
But thanks to the support of types and calibres and to intro None of them has been so long. First of June, 1915, orders had was therefore annexed showing
Mr. Asquith, the programme duce a third pattern of equip neglected or is capable of such been placed for 110 heavy requirements for 70 divisions.
By great expansion as agriculture. howitzers of all calibres.
TO BE RELEASED at the KING'S Theatre Millions of acres of second and June 30, 52 howitzers had been
TO-MORROW
TOGETHER WITH SMASHING ROMANTIC MELODRAMA OF THREE WOMEN OF THE SKY... BRAVE, YOUNG, BEAUTIFULI
ALICE
FAYE
CONSTANCE
BENNETT
NANCY
KELLY
TAIL SPIN
DONT
JOAN DAVIS
CHARLES FARRELL JANE WYMAN
KANE RICHMOND
Wally Varson Joan Valeria
Edward Harris
Ducted by Ray Dnd Ruth.
Andy Pradar Kharry Jan Buren
Origbad Erven Play by Path Wườ
A 20th Century Fox Picture
Darryl f. Zoneck
* Charge of Predp
MISS
T
now
By Sir
Walter Layton
third-rate grassland, it is issued to the Army, most of officially estimated, arc
these being converted naval or yielding only a fraction of the const defence guns.
Within a week, preparations was maintained in spite of all ment into France. The "change- human food and animal feeding The Ministry of Munitions were begun in the Ministry to efforts to curtail it; and the over" in the factories and the stuffs which they once provided. was formed at the end of May. allocate orders and for helping rapidly growing output of guns inevitable delays in getting pro-
The present objective
of In the third week of June an manufacturers to provide labour and shells enabled the British duction going on a fresh set of agricultural policy is rightly de important conference, attended and machinery for this pro- Army to take the offensive on a products paralysed production fined as the maximum increase by a representative of G.II.Q., gramme. But in August, Mr. grand scale in July, 1916, thir- for many months. in the productivity of the soll was held in Boulogne between Lloyd George, who was still dis- teen months after the Ministry
and M. satisfied with the contractors' was established. and the maximum economy of Mr. Lloyd George shipping and foreign exchange. Thomas, the French Minister of promises, raised the programme Britain imported last year Munitions, at which, among to a basis of 100 divisions plus 7,500.000 tons of animal food. other matters, the requirements an additional margin varying The
farmers, of artillery were discussed. The from 10 per cent, to 25 per cent. nearly whether milk or meat is their principal suggestion put. for- for various types of gun.
mora
In the spring of 1918, there-- fore, it was decided to equip the Amèrican Army in Europe with. French fleld guns and British THE complete justifica heavy artillery and ammunition. tion of Mr. Lloyd of 6in calibre and upwards for George's foresight quickly fol- the whole American Army.
TH
HE requirements of
this wararo very"
main product, can eliminute ward at this meeting by the By the end of August, the lowed. Between June and Octo- these imports by providing for French experts was the revolu- their stock from their own land, tionary one that the number of programme was finally settled ber, 1916, the following succes- on the basis of 'n manufacturing sive demands were made upon the better for the nation. By heavy guns (Gin, and upwards) programme of 2,666 heavy guns the Ministry of Munitions: the first ploughing programme in the field should equal the and howitzers. This was nearly
At the end of June the French different from those of the war agricultural dependence on sea- number of field guns.
six times as many as the total began to express alarm at the of 1914; In particular, our re- sources have to provide much. borno supplies should be much Two days later, an inquiry number of heavy guns and rapid rate at which their guna reduced. There is no intention from the War Office as to his howitzers in existence or on were wearing out as the-result more formidable machines; and.
more personnel for the war in now of demanding that wheat artillery requirements elicited order at the time the Ministry of the terrific.firing in the battle the air and for anti-aircraft do-- should be grown on land which from Sir John French a request came into being.
of Verdun. Preparations were fence. But it is patent to every- will not give a good yield. As for a greatly increased estab
therefore put in hand for relin one that we are as yet very for The programme for light field ing and renewing artillery on a from having called on the full to prices, the farmer must have D reasonable return, The
resources of the country. Government plan of taking con. Dossibly £9,000,000 for a full guns and howitzers was also very great scale,
increased, and arrangements In the second week of July There are two lessons to be trol of the whole output of the Year, and these figures are not were at once put in hand to the Commander-in-Chief wrote learned from the munition story
repudiated by Minister of land provides for that, and Food It is a heavy burden, but bring fresh firms into the busi- demanding a further big increase of 1915. One is that imaginativo ought to ensure that there are if it maintains the consumption ness of gun manufacture. An in the standard establishment of planning is an essential of vic no exaggerated increases and production of liquid milk ammunition programme to heavy artillery, to be reached in tory. The second is that "Where:
In the case of milk it has been through the strain of war and match this grent equipment and two stages. The Ministry was there's a will there's a way decided that the present level of rationing the money may be provide a groutly increased able to reply that for the heavi- Once again, spoed in action Is retail prices shall be maintained well spent. Taken as a whole, ratlon per gun per day, was also eat howitzers the maximum vital; for the sooner we rasch at the cost of "temporary the plans bid fair to give Eng-organised, with all its associated programme was covered by the peak of our effort the sooner- assistance" from the taxpayer land ampler security to avoid demands for explosive, fuses, orders already placed and that the war will ond. The call may to the producers. The cost of the fever chart of boom and instruments of precision, raw only a small deficit remainded to involve discomfort and sacrifico. this was calculated by Mr. A. V. alump which left farming to materials and additional labour, be covered in the case of Gin But, if it is made in the right. Alexander, the Co-operative disaster after the Inst war, and both skilled and unskilled.zipa howitzers, do del vind way, the response will be an over- spokesman, at £3,000,000 for to establish the framework of
Early in August, G.H.Q. ask- whelming as It was twenty-fivaj The primary justification for the projected three months, a properly balanced agriculture, placing orders of this magnitude ed for a large number of the years ago.