B
Monday,
HONGKONG TELE GRAPH
December
4, 1939.
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The
Hongkong Telegraph.
Monday, December 4, 1939. Wyndham St., Hongkong
Telephone: 26616
THE prefix "Special to the Telegraph" I used by the "Hongkong Telegraph to indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni cations Urdinance, 1530, Buch new brats the Indication "Up" is received in Rongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Asociations, who ta serve All sights and forbid republication. either wholly or in part without previous arrangement,
Hugging The Bear
So many of the forecasts made
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writings have come to pass that it is interesting to consult his estimate then of developments which are taking place now.
WINDOW DRESSING
RIBBENTROP: "Perhaps you might make her expression a little more winning, Adolf!”
A Look
The Telegraph"
What It's Like Though
to be bombed
HAVE been bombed for a
weck on end in Warsaw. In tiny villages and small open towns in Poland's country- side I have seen bombs and down machine gun fire rain from the sky.
As the result I have come to the conclusion that the safest place to be in an air-rald is a big town. And the nearer the centre the better.
I do know about this because I ac- companied a member of the military mon and a counsellor of the British Embassy in Warsaw on a tour of the Breza damaged by air-rald in the city's neighbourhood.
The Yet
Take Warsaw, for example. cily had no barrage balloons. until the city's air defence broke down through sheer numerical weakness the enemy was kept at bay,
There was a belt of anti-aircraft de fence
wero pursult Kuna Thero
"
WOULD it not be of great
value if we could find out what was the exact effect of German bombing, say in one raid on Warsaw, so that we might have some idea what it would be like here?"
Mr. Josiah Wedgwood put this pertinent question to Mr. R. A. Butler (Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs) in the House of Commons suggesting
that British diplomatic and con- sular officials should make full reports of what they had perlenced In Poland of German air bombing.
cx-"
Mr. Butler promised that they would do so.
He added. that any aircraft which came here will get the reception they deserve."
Here is what Mr. Wedgwood asked for. This report is made
Russia's invasion of Finland. in fact, seems to bring one more of Hitler's prophecies nearer realisation. Hitler, when he; was writing "Mein Kampf,” declared Russia-could-bo-no-planes There was a system of detec
ion which warned civilians of the ap~|~by
they suitable ally for Germany and proach of enemy planca when
were at least forty miles away, and adduced these reasons!
sounded an alarm five minutes before Considered purely militarily, their arrival.
German- event of a in the Russian war against Western Europe, which would probably, however, mean against the entire rest of the world, the relations would be simply catas- trophic.
The struggle would
proceed not on Russian but on German soil, without Germany being able to get from Russia even the slightest effective sup- port.
The Reichsfuhrer's Siegfried Line makes him possibly less concerned
muy about what happen to the industrial, heart ♦♦♦ of Germany. But the opinion
of outside experts tends to con- firm his doubts in the economic sphere.
A tabulation by the United States Department of Commerce shows that German imports. from Russia of such critically needed commodities as petroleum products and animal or vegetable olls and fats have fallen off in the last five years to less than a fourth of what they were. It may be that these and some other imports can be increased, but a great deal will depend upon
& CO., LTD. what the Soviet Union wishes to
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give up. With its own huge mechanized army in motion, it obviously will not have a great surplus of gasoline and lubric.
ants.
.
It was only very occasionally that enemy planes were heard and seen de- jere the sirens had got going.
Moreover, there was in the first fow days of the war an effective radio warn-
ing sent out on top of normal wireless programmes to be picked up by defence Groups.
The Warsaw public very soon learned to translate this coded message-- "KO-RAM 20 Coming"-ne a warning of immediate danger, and took to the collars.
Warsaw, with its big flats, all built over roomy collars, and many of them htted with protective roofs twelvo inches thick in concrete, was at the outset of the war a fairly easy place to organise for civilian defence.
Indeed, the public dug-outs praved to be very little used because of the ex- cellent shelter provided in people's own houses,
And while the people ran into the cellars the Warsaw fighter planes chased the German bombers away from the centre of the city.
Naturally a modern block of flats, bullt round a steel skeleton, stands up best to bombardment. That is only what you would expect. But a direct hit demolishes even thin,
A substantial stone house, or a steel- frame bulding, however, is good pro tection against anything except a bomb which falls exactly where you
happen to be.
The bombers either had to fly so high that their bombing was ineffes- tive, or they had to dive below the fighter planes and thus come late the range of the anti-aircraft guns.
Now take the contraal. Just before
the war there was an oxodus from the
elly into the suburbs. After the first day of bombing the refugeca hurried back again to the city.
The American Ambassador, Mr. Anthony D. Biddle, for example, rented n house in the wealthy residential dis- trict of Konstancin, about 13 mile
Horr Hitler warned himself that Germany would find itself even if by a "miracle" it escaped total dostruction in a alliance-"surrounded Russian
by great military states."
To that observation he added
And can the German Reich ex- pest military aid from its new that such an alliance "would be friend on the north when the end of Germany." The past Comrade Stalin is employing his two montha have Been the first
half of this forecast confirmed. army on his own-missions?
JERZY SZAPIRO
former Warsaw correspondent.
He experienced plenty of German bombing, several times In the company of members of the British Embassy. Read, mark and learn what he has to tell you.
outside Warsaw. On the second day of the war ho was having breakingt with his family when neveral bombs exploded within 150 yards of hin ylila The reason was that Konstancin was four miles away from a small nero- drome. A Germian bomber, chased by Polish Aghter plane, was forced to unlond his supply of bombs in order to Inake it easier to escape, and Kon- stancin happened to be underneath.
It was this concentration of the German air force on the bustness of destroying Poland's air defence at the source, and of the railway Junctions. which made the suburbs of Warsaw so unhealthy.
Of course, a humane pilot, forced to unload hla bombs, would dump them. if he could. Into a river or a.feld. I saw this myself on the south-east of Warsaw, at Biolce.
Two pilots had dropped about 60 amell bombs on pasture land on tha bank of the Vistula. I counted about 30 craters, two to three yards in diameter. The rest of their, bombs fell into the river.
On the other side of the Vistula another plot of the same squadron dropped his bombs on a village, de troyed about eight houses and killed four peasants.
Five miles away in the Otwock health resort another plot had dropped ten bombs or so One of them hit an orphanage. Moyen children were killed, about 15 were wounded, and many houses were destroyed by fire.
Tho weakness in my argument in that Warsaw was finally destroyed by air-raid attack, but the answer is that the Fallsh air force was numerically
wenk
I just hadn't enough fighters to cope with the German bombers once the Germans had occupied the Polish western provinces and thus set fres for further usa a great part of their air force
Warsaw's defence, compared' with what I know and have seen of London's air defence, was pathetically weak.
There is a great deal of precaution raiding, but bombing in Warsaw took taken in England with regard to night place almost always an hour after and just before- dusk, ' dawn, at 11 o'clock in the morning,
This Cherman aviators who were cap-
}
50 YEARS AGO
Dec. 4, 1889.
A little incident occurred at Govern mont House to-day. It was a boy. His Excellency has our warmest congratuln- tions. (Sle William De Yooox-Ed.). We have it on good nuthority that sured by the Poles were mostly young
the European locomotive drivers now fettons of 10 or 20, and when they in the employ of the China Railway Company at Tientsin, will be dismissed me out of their planes they were nervous wrecks not through tear, but from the service at the commencement because of therrible strain which a of next spring, the Chinese drivere be- rald and a fight in the air, the colonsaling now considered fairly-wolf speed and noise of a military plane, quainted with the duties required and also more reliable as bolng from from and the effect of high altitudes im
the vico of drink. pose on an aviator.
The Germaus knew quite well that active air defence in Poland was con fined to the big cities, and to military objectives auch na aerodromics, railway Junctions, armament-factories, and so
on.
On the very first day of the war, when they unleanlted about 600 banbers or more on Polish elties from the Carpathians to the Battle and the Corridor to the Pripet Marshes, they realised that they could bob most of the country with impunity.
'They risked retaliation for the anke of crippling military objectives, but when it came to breaking down civillan morate they chose the line of cast resistance.
They deliberately picked on the amalltowns, art even yllinger, the wooden cottages, the open market places, even the individual peneant man and women.
In such places as these there was, of course, no air defence. hardly any shelters or trenches. The bombers dived three hundred yards above them. dropping twenty to forly bombs at a time, machine-gunning the crowded market-places, killing scores at a time, wounding hundreds.
Bombing on these occasions less than the minute, but the effect was terrible,
The appalling sight of human bolle- blown and burst to fragment", ol horses and cattle swollen to fantastic dimensions, enused utter horror and panic,
acu
Colonel Kitchener and Colonel Wado- house have been appointed Companions of the Itnth, and thirteen officers nerving with the Egyptian Army have been appointed Companions of the Dia- tinguished Service Order or brevetted for services at Turk
25 YEARS AGO
Dec. 4, 1914. President Wilson hok unofficially communiented to the American repro- zentatives. In the belligerent countries his disapproval of aircraft throwing bomb on unfortified cities occupied by A Petrograd offcial despatch shows that the battle In Poland whose centre in at Lods continues in favour of the Jansions while the Austriana hava boen badly beaten, and are falling back on i Cracow,
Three hundred and twenty-olx pri- Ronore from Taingiau. in uniform, in- in ficers, arrived cluding twelve
erowds Tokyo this afternoon. Hugo witnessed their transference from the act to trancars which conveyed-them at the Honganji to their quarters Temple. The polles and tropps ar- rangements were ample, but there was no damblance of a disturbance. The acers receiving the prisoners showed overy courtesy.
* YEARS AGO
Doc. 4, 1930. For the 1st time in the history of St. Andrew's Soclety the annual Bull, will be held to-night in Kowloon and not at the City Hati.
5 YEARS AGO
Doc. 4, 1934. After nearly three years of warfare in the jungle and swamp of the Gran Chinco valley, the Rolivian army now faces Anal and completo defeat, The Government at La Fax is attempting to secure a hurried peace with Paraguay to prevent a carnage in the battle- field.
No wedding has been attended by There were hundreds of such rad
such a vast company of witnesses as designed solely to terrorise the vivid
was that of the Duke of Kont to population. heard of one plint Princess Marina of Greece, which in chasing a peasant woman in a deid as the presence of an august und dla. if she was a rabbit, circling round and tinguished congregation, was solemnised round her, and finally killing her
in Westminster Abbey to-dar.
GRIN AND BEAR IT By Lichty
"She makes all her money speculating-he's been married six timas!!!