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1940
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THE GHOST OF VON TIRPITZ: "History repeats itself. I, too, made the same mistake."
Thongkong Telegraph. U-BOATS
Thursday, November 23, 1939 Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 26816
THE peels "special to the Telegraph” be used by the "Hongkong Telegraph' to indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni- CALON "Ordinance, 1910. Such news 26 bras e indication "UP" is received in Hongkong on the date of publication by
serve all rights and forbid republlektion,
arrangement,
AGAINST
MERCHANT SHIPS
a breach of inter- about 400,000 tons a month, in IN contrast to the last war, the therefore
the next six months to 250,000 submarine national law. the war of
the United Press Associations, who re- against merchant shipping start. The German Government long tons, in the following months
either wholly or in part without previous
Lights
not
to less than 200,000 tons.
4
started ships had been lost, over out a single exception, and in-
went
office
the owner's
ed from the first moment at full hesitated as they have intensity. As the Ministry of done this time-and in February,
These reductions, striking as Information has stated: "It is 1917, the unrestricted campaign
they are, do not do justice to the now palpably evident that Ger- began. many is prosecuting an un- The results were at once ex- success of the convoy system, "Lamps are going out all over restricted submarine campaign tremely serious. In the last five for most of the ships lost were among those which were not Europe; we shall not see them against merchant shipping as months of 1914 only about 300 convoyed. Before convoys were shirts they slept in. All with-
violent as that on which Ger- 000 tons of shipping of all lighted again in our time." With many embarked in 1917." nationalities had been lost, near- strangely compelling wistfulness
It may be interesting, with ly all by raiders and mines, a long period, at a rate of one cluding the cabin boy,
in ten voyages. In the black these words have returned and this difference in mind, to re in 1915 1,300,000 tons were lost; fortnight of April 1917, the rate straight to
call the experience of 1914-1918. mainly by submarines; in 1916 returned again throughout the last In the first year of that war the 2,300,000 tons, almost all he rose to one in four. But be. and asked to be put on the next
tween July and October, out of ship, quanter of a century. When look- submarine was small, fragile and submarine. Then came to
149 wheat and sugar ships sail- In another instance a neutral timid. It had a short range of restricted campaign. In a single ing in convoy from Newport crow of a neutral ship, who had ing out of a window on the gray etion, and could only operate in month, April, nearly 900,000 tons News only two were sunk. By less inducement to face the risks half-light over London, Britain's shallow waters, where it could were lost, and in the full year the end of October over 100 of a war which was not their Foreign Secretary in 1914 apoke rest on a sandy bottom. Under no less than 6,000,000 tons.
was very For a time the whole Allied Convoys had come in with a own, were disinclined to put to
total loss of 1.66 per cent. them, they were figurative. They vulnerable and not very danger war effort was gravely im- perilled. We and our allies From August to December, would starve unless we could 1914, only three merchant ships import food from overseas; and LET us glance for a moment home dejected and told his wife at the human side of these his men would not sail. She were sunk by submarine, as com--we-couki-not-supply_our_armed. which "in our time" it would never pared with 42 by mines and 55 forces with adequate munitions dry statistics. For a long period asked him to let her come and a merchant ship had an average talk to them. He consented not unless we could import raw expectation of life of only ten knowing what she intended to
these conditions it
meant that all that was best and ous. brightest in human achievement wus going into an eclipse from.
wholly emergé,
Once again lights are going out over Europe. But this time the statement is literal. And one may uote with more than ordinary interest that they have not yet' be- gun to go out all over Europe. In London, Berlin and Paris, yes; but nat in Rome. That city is bright.
In London, newspaper, offices hid their windows under houvy curtains, In Paris the boulevadlers
sat in the sldewalk cafes, their faces bluo and blotchy in the verle rnya of lighting that is not to bo
by raidera. The submarine was
seen from the sky. Berlin, like quickly forced to transfer its
materials.
་
had
sea. The master, who married an English wife and had his home in England, went
The danger was countered by voyages, for a time only of four say. She saw the crow and said or five. The men were killed simply: "I am coming with my She by the explosion, or thrown into husband on this voyage." wintry seas, at the best left to went to sea-and so did they.
Let us remember, in these weeks to come what these sea-
London and Paris, is prepared activities from the Channel to two forms of action. We intro- against air raids.
more distant waters, especially duced a convoy aystem for mer-
selfishness Dr selflessness
own
determines.
mon are doing for us.
And lot
the Mediterranean, and a much chant ships. And we instituted the hazards of open boats usual- The responsibility for these larger type of craft developed, conditions must be shared by as big and strong as a small a complete National and Allied ly some hundreds of miles from millions upon millions of human merchant ship, with stores which control of ships and of supplies land, 15,000 lost their lives. But
us at least do what we can to beings in that measure which their gave it a range of action of some so as to secure the utmost pos- their courage never failed.
sible economy. thousand of miles.
help. The situation was saved In arranging our shipping we before, not only by convoy pro- We are
now organising the had to reckon with every kind tection but by a strict economy convoy system at once, and it of uncertainty (sudden losses, in all imported goods. Peoples must turn on the lights WE attempted for a time to may be hoped that, with, an im-
establish protected ap- provement in our anti-submarine new demands for the armed
We controlled ships and sup- again and try to find a better way. If all their leadom can now isinproach areas through the dan- devices, this will prove success- forces, the capture of areas of
gerous waters near the United ful. It must, however, be re home production by the enemy plies. We are, of course, con- in this search for the better way in-Kingdom, over which there were membered that at the moment and many others)-except one, trolling ships at once stead of insisting only on these patrols of trawlers, sloops and of the declaration of war hun the courage and morale of the takes some time to build up a ways which satisfy selfishness, the destroyers.
dreds of vessels were at sen and seamen. I do not remember a complete system allied as well they can only be shepherded into lights all over Europe can be lighted This system was never very
convoy later when they roturn, single instance of a British crew as national, to control supplies. effective, and soon proved a That is why the early period of refusing, or hesitating, to sail death-trap, for the enemy learn. ed where the merchant ships the war must be one of special because of submarine risk. Death Of Lt-Gen. were likely to be found and the anxioty. And we must not for areas werd at the same time too Ket that ships may be attacked
· Abe Confirmed urge for successful protection, not only by submarine but by
again in our time.
mander.
commerce raiders or powerful
☆
but it
Mr. W. S. Morrison-unwise- ly, I think, and with a misjudg- ment of the public paychology-- has been indulging in optimistic forecasts of our future supply
PEIPING, Nov. 22 (Reuter). The decoy vessels and gun-fire from that some will strike minos.
For a time a series of devices, units of the German fleet, and LET me elte two incidents situntion. He may prove to be
from hundreds. In 1917 a right we all hope he will.
But in the meantime the Gov- Japanese spokesman have to-day con-
large cargo liner was torpedoed firmed Chungking's claim to have merchant ships were effective,
some hundreds of miles off the ernment would I suggest, do killed the Japanese general, Clout and it became increasingly dan-
Irish coast on a bitter winter better to encourage the public Gen. I. N. Abeja Divisional Comgerous for the submarine to at Lieut, General Abe was ambushed torpedoos from portacopo obser
tack from the surface. To fre IT is encouraging, however, to night in high scas. Of the crew to save the stores which may recall the success of the of 60, 26 were killed by the be greatly needed later and, in ways ton mall wear punu some vation, however, involved sink. convoy system in our last ex- explosion, or drowned, or died any case would enable ships to The rest got be diverted from civilian neces- General Abe is the first Lieut.ng without warning, and usually perlence. In the last half of of exposure. General to be killed in the Sino no discrimination between ves- 1017 the total Ibases of world away, some of them, including sities to increasing the Japanese hostilities.
sels of different nationalities, and tonnage fail to an average of a cabin boy of 17, with only the pources of our armed forces,
ago. killed.
+