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October 2, 1939.
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Wyndham St., Hongkong
'Phone 26615 November 2, 1939
"Peace" Tactica
Comrades
"And whether ONC member suffer, all the members aufer
one with it or
member be honoured, all the members re- Joice with 4.1. ContкTHIANA, xiin 20.
THE Rev. Pat McCormick, vicer of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, stood in the lofty pulpit of his church and Molo-spoke of Fellowship.
AGGRESSION, Monsieur toff would, have us believe, is no longer aggression once the deed is accomplished..
or
"In the last war," he said, "wei knew the great value of the fellow-
which ship
WGS learned in the trenches. We realised that comrade- ship which overcame all ranks. And we must do so ngafn, for the saite of our country and the cause for which we are lighting."
How the
convoy system operates
BY COMMANDER H. PURSEY
T
Germany and Russia having "ennobled" the Polish people, want nothing better than to be left alone with their spolls, and anyone who disturbs them threatens to wrest back from them the fruits of their aggression him- self becomes the aggressor and the aggressor becomes the victim. It is one of the most fantastic arguments ever pornotrated by a responsible head of Government. Even Hitler himself could hardly be guilty of such fatuousness,
M. Molotoff is not the world's most convincing advocate of Herr Hitler. His
pleas to-day must strike chords of remembrance the passionate Soviet advocacy of
When the war broke out Pat Mc- war against Italy when the
Cormick was recovering from a Ethiopian adventure was launch-severe illness which had kept him in ed; the invitation to France and hospital for months. But to-day he is back in his pulpit, carrying on the Britain to join Russia in march-traditions of the noble Dick Shop- ing into Czecho-Slovakia when that country was dismembered.
The vicar of St. Martin was n chaplain in South Africa and in the
THE introduction, within last war. He was decorated with
a few days of the out- the Distinguished Service Order for
break of war, of the gallantry, and that Sunday morning he ware two rows of medals, testify-
old-time convoy system |ing to his long and varied services for the protection of our mer-
with the Forces of the Crown.
In fact, M. Molotoff is crying peace whero there is no peaca, but rather diplomacy. He seems willing to appear so naive as to misunderstand the position of Britain and France in the tragedy the Third Reich's Invasion of Poland set in motion. Because
n chant shipping la great He addressed a huge congregation which occupied every
seal in the advance on the tardy steps church, taken in th Great War, when brand nave of this famous
church which may well be sold it was not adopted until after to be the parish church of London's nearly three years of hostilitica, ww! a congregation Germany's present plan, as was West End. dt which was different from the ordin¡ to be expected-with a fleet greatly ary assembly of people which in daya kiferior to our own and the num- of peace meet below the blue und of her
ber
submarines considerably gold decorated celling for Sunday less than at the height of the 1917 morning prayer.
U-boat campaign-is to make the greatest use of her "assassins of the sea while they have the opportunity.
In every other pew were serving officers and men, of all ranks-com- manders of the Royal Navy, majors ders of the Royal Air Force, ratings, of the General Staff, squadron lca aircraftmen, other ranks.
pard in endeavouring to bring back the humanity of Christianity to those who pass by.
He selected as his theme the unl versality of religion in times of dis- fress as expressed by St. Paul.
"I would like to impress on you,”' he continued, "the necessity of work- ing together at its time. We must work together as a Church and as oj nation, for we are members of one another.
"There
different forms
are
of
P and has been shattered under fellowship. There is nothing like a time such as this which can help us
Inevitable, but some of our recent Certain losses on our side are
to reach a friendly port in time, casualties have been ships unable
I
N the last war, for vari- ous reasons, the convoy system was not started
until after Germany's unrestricted ab marine campaign had begun and, in- deed, was not in full operation unti some months afterwards.
This campaign began in February. 1017, when Ciermany announced that all alps, of whatever nationality, ap- pronching the British Isles would be
able to attack without warning.
In the following April. the worst month, 430 ships of 852.000 tons were sunk. This was at a greater rate than they could be replaced; while, on the
other hand, U-boste were being com-
pleted faster than we were destroying them,
The Germani success made it mani fest that unless something was done, and quickly, to reduce considerably our loases the end of the war in the near future could be predicted with arith metical precision.
Germany had based her prospects of winning the war on such calculations. but, as with many others of her plans, they were completely upsel by the adoption of new measures.
P
RACTICE of conveying merchant shipping in times of
war
was
題
well-established one even in the days of sailing ships, but there were various technical objections
assemblent certam ports of departure. The masters are then informed of the procedure at sen, emphasis belug laidi on the importance of correct station- keeping. darkening ship, zig-zagging, and the action to be taken in the event of submarino attack.
The formation depends on the nun- ver of ship their positions in columns, and the distatice apart of bath ships and columns, being arranged to pre- sent the smallest target to a nub. marine and to develop the maximumTI defensive gunare."
The naval ocean escort, consisting of Cruizers. cruisers, armed merchant escart vessels or destroyers, is stationed around the convoy to ward off any at- tack
For further security the whole con- voy atcers zig-zag courses according to a prearranged plan, which makes it much more difficult for a subroarine to make a successful torpedo attack.
Among the advantages of convoy in the fact that a submarine has only and opportunity of attacking shipa en massz, instead of striking at each ven- sel separately, and the escort ships prevent this attnek being made from à favourable position.
The stoking of merchant ships by gunfire from a submarine, or by zzuti- ling, frequent occurrences in the early part of the last war. is also stopped.
́to its being adopted in the first two-in-the crent-af-a-torpedo--attack.
and a half years of the Great War. Among them were unavoidable delay in holding up ships awaiting convoy, and the fact that it could only proceed at the speed of the slowest ship; the vast number of ships to le dealt with, and the small mimber of naval vessels available: the larger size of target-later found to be no dia- ot Bimcultica tho advantage-and station-keeping with untrained officers Most of theso objections proved themselves to be possible of solution. Delays could be reduced by organisa- tion, and station-keeping improved with training-
Experimental convoys were run from North America and Gibraltar with complete success, and the system was extended to the Mediterranean. North Bea and elsewhere, until practically all our shipping was protected in this manner.
The practice was, and is, for ships to
the hammer blows of an oligarchy the more deeply and quickly the GRIN AND BEAR IT in Berlin, Molotoff sees nothing necessity of putting personal differ- left for the Allies to fight for. Iences on one
side.
He overlooks the fact that the "We have all to make sacrifices all round, no matter what our statlan. Allies pledges to Poland were But in that sacrifice remember it is)
that symbols of a determination to
Divine economy part of the
not be suffering should common stand against that evil which the destruction of Poland also sym-divorced from common rejoicing,
bolisca,
For in the darkest hour there is always something to rejoice over. Intentionally or otherwise, The act of herois suffering on the Russia 18 doing Relchsfuhrer one part may be cause for rejelcing on the other. For in this we are all Hitlor one more favour by thus members of one cause. stacking the diplomatic cards to make a deal in Herr Hitler's favour more moral. For it is not peace M. Molotoff asks for. It is a surrender which could be and probably would be-exploited by the Totalitarian Powers - of which Rusala in one as previous diplomatic surrenders and con- cessions have been.
"In the days to come do not look on the bad things, but remember the many splendid things which are hop- pening around you. Think of the noble sacrifice made by many as part of the day's work. Why only thin week there was cause for great re joleing amid all the present suffering at the simple, matter-of-fact way in which seaplanes picked up survivors of a ship sunk al ser. There was no parade of heroics, although there was great heroism. Keep such things in your minds and it will aid you in taking your part in the fellowship of
"Thank God for what your
fellow men are doing for what you can do yourself in the common cause,"
the Church and the nation.
M. Molotofl'e judgment that the Allies have compromised their moral position by continuing the war after Poland collapsed will not be taken very seriously any- where in the world, coming as it does from the Foreign Minister of the Soviot, appeurs loss an offen- n government which has compro- i sive for peace than an offensive mised ita ideology and its pre- by "pence". The cry of peace is -vlous assertations of peace-loving- now just another weapon_In the
ness by its pre-war
with arsenal of dictatorial diplomacy. Hitler.
When real pence is intended the The second round in the "peace' peoples of the world will see that offensive", launched this tima by their leaders hoed its spokesmen.
deal
73
By Lichty
BEAUTY SALON
Pierre
'Plørre trics the most daring experiments-to-day ho usad just plain soap and water on mol"
whether the submarine, or only th path of ilio torpedo is alghted, ber: position knowri and tho te instantly hunted down.
D
URING the last war I served in a destruyer employed on such con- voy work on the East Coast, and a suc- cessful submarine hunt in vividly recalled.
In July, 1913. n convoy was attacked off Whitby by U.B. 110. À motor launch aighted the periscope and imme. diately dropped a couple of deptli charges. Another motor launch rushed In and also dropped her "egta”
The U-boat's captain ordered a **ernah dive." but it was too late. The explosions Jambed her hydroplanes lo "rise," and brought the submarine to the surface.
ILM. destroyer Garry rushed in at high speed and rammed the submaring twice. causing her to capsize and sink. Thirteen of her crew of JG were Enved. This boat was solved and taken into Jarrow dock.
O
NCE Convoy
established,
system
the Boon
proved a triumphant success. From May, 1017, until the end of the war, 10,630 ships-ar over 99 per cent. of the total-wore safely escorted.
In the same 16 months only 103 ves-
sels were torpedoed while in convoy- number less than a quarter of that for April, 1917.
At present we have several advan- tages as compared with any period of the Great War. Germany has tess than ball the number of submarines she had in 1917, and of this number. about sixty, 25 are of a small typo· which will probably restrict them to the North Sea
On the other hand, as is well known, our anti-submarine devices and ds- struction' mensures have made great - progress in the last 20 years. Enemy submarines have no defence against our depth-charges or our secret detoo- tion apparatus.
For over two years Mercantilo Marine officers have been receiving special courses of instruction, in the defence measures to be taken in every · possible emergency. This, year, crows have been trained to fight their defen- sive guns
Though Germaŋy may carry out « policy of frightfulness by sinking ships without warning, this policy in daunted to failure from the start.
Both the Navy and the Merchant Bervice have the greatest faith in the organisation and success of the con- voy system, and, with the gallantry and devotion to duty of the officers and men the almost immediate defent 1at the présant mentase at sea, is assured.