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•
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HONGKONG HOTEL GARAGE
Stubbs Rd.
The
Tol. 27778.9
Hongkong Telegraph.
Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 September 25, 1939
U.S. Neutrality
can Congress will debate when
September 25, 1939.
Large concentrations of Nazi troops near the frontiers of Belgium and the Netherlands suggest that one of those two countries may provide a channel through which the German military leaders will attempt to flank the impregn- able Maginot Line. Below, "Telegraph" writers`review the defences-and the weaknesses-of the two northern States.
Belgium
Has Her
"Sudeten
99
IT IS a pity that most button-holes of the young will reveal
people who visit Bel- gium do not venture beyond the coast and Brussels, the capital, and do not penetrate in- to the beautiful forested Ardennes country.
Part of the Ardennes is inhabited by former Ger- mans; the people of the so- called "redeemed provinces" of Eupen and Malmedy, where a silent, but none the less important battle is at present going on between
many tiny swastikas,
THE
HOLLAND'S DEFENCES
are STRONG
NEUTRALITY is In many cases the precau-
a
wonderful thing, if elons go further still: there you will find, standing upright you can defend it..
in the pavement, a bundle of The fate of small what could have been sewer- countries wishing to be pipes, aolidly joined to each other. These pipes are to be neutral but unable to filled with cement, which in a ment and of the man in the help themselves in an couple of seconds, transforms the obstacle into one solid block attitude of the Belgian Govern-
p-emergency shows that of concrete, which no vehicle, street on the question becomes
the finest proclamation no tank or armoured car can be demolished except by blow- concentration of German propagandist of neutrality is worth possibly pass and which cannot And oven that in and other territories finally annexed nothing if such coun-ing it up. by the Reich, previous to their actries have to depend on made difficult by barbed wire entanglements of the latest de- cupation by German troops.
But the majority of Belgians will the courtesy of others to sign. tell you that should Cupen and
parent very soon.
So far, there has been none of the
forces which was seen In Danzig,
Malmedy
ever
become a problem respect it.
-by-
J. MICHAEL
territories would be transferred with
The Dutch know that, land
are taking the necessary precautions. Any one who feels inclined to
isneer at these measures,
The delay thus caused is ex-
by
Albert de Hes.
PHE proposals which the Amerithose of the inhabitants who likely to lead to armed conflict, themade by so small a country [actly what the Dutch defence
are satisfied with the extra-little argument and less regret. They should have been cured by system is aiming at. ordinarily liberal administration have little economic value, and are
it re-assembles in Washington to day are of a momentous nature.
President Roosevelt has request- ed, in effect, that the United States abandons the incongruous Neut- rality Act, which has controlled
International Law.
•
thorn in the side of the tran- the recent sharp fall of the of the Belgian Government, and but
guilder, and attributed by those who wish for an Anchluss quillity-loving people of Belgium.
On the other hand, the attitude of the National-Socialist with
cent years. fundamentally, the opinion of the, eleciorate is on the whole shared by
Reich.
proportion to the comparative extensiveness of the frontiers, as the Government has changed in re-experts to the burden of THE small size of the army, in In spite of fact that strengthening the country's well as the character of these
frontiers, ¿defences.
would make
# Dutch Lino" Indefensible "Maginot
and If this loss at the stock therefore useless.
Consequently, the Dutch General Stof had to think of defence
behind the "Redeemed Provinces,"
.
•
to admire the ingenious work long
in a short time with a modest bud-
get.
"Defence against a surprise
much of the foreign policy of the THE latter are organised in the administration, the latter would country since 1937, and reverta to the "Heimattreue front" or not be as ready to hand the terr-exchange did not convince
True To the Homeland Front, tories over.
So far, the Belgian Government has the doubter he should make a methods of their own and, as a visit. Under International Law it which gets both its extensive been leading an "independent" for-trip to Holland and look for now to any part of Holland clearly shows, they have succeeded magni- resources and its eign policy, which lead them last himself. would be permissible for Amer- financial
Acently, He will still find a country of
One need not be a military expert cans to sell war Implements to spiritual inspiration from the year to hold military manoeuvres on belligerents, providing the belll-Bund Der Deutscher Im Aus- the French Front Government seaside resorts, rich pastures, But In official circles, it is realised gardens, cows, and windmills, gerents make available the cash land, the Deutschex Fichte Bund annoy the German Government."
and other organisations in Ger that if Belgium should have to make but if he uses his eyes, he will to pay for them and the ships to
attack!" was the watchword; na aj carry them across the Atlantic. many which aim at including the a choice between the Democracies see a lot more than that.
Dutch offleet explain it to me: National Socialist philosophy and the Nazis, there is no doubt that Under the existing legislation, among all peoples which might the Democracies would find her at
their side.
THE unusual number of war- "We are unable to defend ourselves single handed and for a long time which the President has protested, in any way be deemed of Ger-
ships in and around the against armies ien Umes the size of It is perfectly permissible for manic origin.
IN such an eventuality, the areas of
Eupen, Malmedy and St. Vith port on his arrival may not im- our own, but we certainly are able Americans to sell wheat, cotton,
Included in the activities of would assume a particular Importance. press him very much, but he to force a delay in the advance of copper, steel and other raw mate-
As Monsieur Jules M. Mathieu, the will become thoughtful when, such an army.
Even a delay of a few days would rials-to-belligerents-and-to-ship the Heimattreuefront are the these supplies to them in Ameri- usual sub-sections: Hitler Youth; Governor of Liege explained to me shortly before passing the first be suficient to get help from else- League of German Maidens, and Belgium's main line of defence lies bridge across a canal, the train where and so would rob the whole- Can ships, sending American so on. Money is collected for which are thus an invaluable field of guards will start closing air attack of its surpriso value, which vessels into the war zono. Yet the Winter Help, in some cases are for the powerful line of steel and carriage windows-in spite of for a foreign power to undertake it On that idea of "delay" the whole it is not permissible to ship guns. in sizeable sums, if one takes the concrete, which guards the eastern heat and closeness, rigorous-at all."
ly prohibiting the passengers to ammunition or other implements smallness of the territory into
"For some 40 kilometres," he said, throw cigarette end or anything of the Dutch defence system is bulit
15. Hundreds of of war to countries engaged in the account. So-called "gymnastics on invading army would at present else out of the train or to open across the frontiers, are decorated roads, lending conflict. One of the first effects clubs," and "gliding clubs" be subjected to the punishment of
the windows again.
In a most unusual way: each tree of this law was to prevent the de- which exist in Eupen and Mai-four forts.
For the bridge, like every of trotyl round its trunk. All trees wears a belt of little brownish blocks livery to France of 600 airplane
other important bridge through-along a road are linked up by means motors which were being made in the United States for the French
out Holland, is provided with a of an electric fuse, and one ignition every bell along a four mile road Government when war broke out,
blasting-charge and is ready to is sunlelent to catiso the explosion of be blown up at any moment. within one second! The effect is This is the case even with one terrifle. The trees, break ke laths During the Great War the trade of the United States in raw mate-
they fall across a road transform- and as their tops are interconnected
trunks Dordrecht, a marvel of bridge-branches and
and leaves, would take P considerable building, which has been under which
tune to get through. Now, at last, the work is will be strongly guarded by machine Needless to say, these obstacles construction for several years.
placed in
rials sold to Great Britain,
tions sold.
in
but
frontier.
"I those territories are handed cloak for 4 medy are political activity back to Germany, the Reich
tler would be brought to within a irredentist among young people, who are few thousand yards of the forts, the backbone of the Nazi. move-whose effectiveness would thus be
impaired to an enormous extent."
There is another side to the ques- ment.
tion which the more far-sighted of
olherwise could be the only reason
powerful influence of the that Is the problem, of Flanders, in the country: the one nearing it into an impenetrable tangle of
to the Helch, the Government which
of this Czecho-Slovakia.
active among the Flammands.
the same way.
whose people constitute the majority France and their allies was three
Catholic Church, and the smaller, of Belgium's population. times as great as its trade
It has not been unnoticed that actual war munitions sent to those but still important voice of Ger- countries. Thus if it is assumed man Socialists, who like the every time a territory is handed back that America was drawn into that Catholics have before them the agrees to the concession is no longer finished and the bridge has just guns and seld guns,
axample of events in the Reichs free from foreign luuences been opened to traffic.. .. but trenches and pl boxes all around war by having built up an econo to dissuade them from joining formerly; the most extreme example with a blasting-charge in its them Rivers, railroads, and high- mic atake on the side of the Allies, In the Heimattreuefront.
This is a very important factor for inner parts! It is one of the ways in the Interior are protected in the raw materials were three
When travelling through Holland The loyal section of Belgium's Belgium, because Nazi penetration is wonders of our civilisation that, times as much a factor in building | «Sudetenlanders" are thus the not confined to the "Redeemed Pro-i whereas the construction took one might see in a cornfield some up that stake as were the munt older generation, whose cohesion/Vinces", but is becoming increasing such a long time, the destruc.thing that from some distance looks llte scarecrow and a minuto later Last April, for example, a group of tion can be curried out within proves to be a machine-gun which In the "Democratic Front" is cement-
has got it place but not yet its steel A rejection of President Rooseed by people like the ex-servicemen, students from the University of Ghent two seconds...
Tho defence of bridges or concrete cover.
Wherever one ipolts-or is forbid- velt's proposals for amendment of to whom the belllease philosophy of were invited to visit Cologne. There they were subjected to a constant the existing Neutrality Act will Nazi Germany is anathema..
In the last communal elections, stream of propaganda. They were which in the Spanish Civil War den to look-these machine-guns quick-firing guns protect runds, and canals, and bo no guarantee of American even in Eupen, where the Helmut- told in a lecture by Professor Martin have proved to be of the same and
the National-Soctailst strategical significance in mo-Holland's abstention from war. Indeed, reuefront is strongest, the anti-Nazi Spahn that
Relch takes a particular interest indern warfare as in the past is where they seem to be wanting, the there are grounds for believing parties won a majority of votes.
This majority, however, was in the Flainrands, whom It considers to
zaveral of them are hidden behind that the Congressional rejection most cases very narrow indeed, and be a pure racial group of Germanic by no means restricted to their peasants will betray to you that of previous efforts by President in point of fact, the casual visitor to origin, and that the time for them to blowing up on the contrary, dyker and hedges, between hills, and The whole of Holland's country- the "Redeemed Provinces," is rather return to their natural German orbit this is only the last straw, as bushes.
can see when passing the side is one, big but unobtrusive Roosevelt to amend the law was given the impression that the elec- has arrived.
In all the main towns of Belgium, bridges by car,
"Maginot Line", albeit of a some- in fact, an encouragement to Gor-lons should have gone the other way
there exist groups of the League of
At both ends of a bridge of what unusual kind, w many to invade Poland, since there round.
German style peaked caps, the dis- Germans Abroad, the whole "coun-
being or some Importance in any area la no doubt that, so far, American inctive mark of the adherent to the try-group". of Belgium sources of supply have been closed to the nations in the defen-Hetreuefront, are everywhere in folie a certain lier Schulze, near the frontier (and which To this must be added, of course,
evidenco, while a careful look at the living in Brussels.
The Belgian Nazis publish a dolly area of that small country laystem of the "Waterline", by means paper, which is circulated among all near the frontier?) vast num- of which the valley bolween tho If Congress adopts President
dermans living in Belgium, and at bers of iron poles are placed in Eastern and Western parts of tho Roosevelt's appeal that arms and to stand by as a spectator if there the same time, take an active part in deep holes in the pavement, country can be flooded completely. Dutch strategical experts are not for ammunition be placed in the same in any possibility that Great Bri- Flemish Nationalist polities.
In this respect, they were instru-rising three or four feet above a moment afraid that this system should prove out of date. As ter- category with all other commodi-tain and Franco will be defeated:
Vlaamische The Dutch soldier, whoan, riories can be destroyed but not tles and applies the "cash-and-by Germany. Hence, it is to her mental in founding at Antwerp the the street level. carry principle to them, It should advantage that the democracies be Arbeiderpartij" the National Bo-humour is typical of the Army's conquered by bombing, the enemy
Workers Parly
sive results and, once the "Water- provide the maximum of possible strengthened, and not weakened, clatist Flemish security from war for the United in their aght against the aggres-whose offelal organ "Fatherland and spirit, has already nicknamed has still to march in to achievo deci- States, and at the same time aid sore. The existing Neutrality Work" is headed by two large them "asparagus". These as-lino" is put into operation, this may Beveral years before the Great to achieve the spiritual unity of the small part of the bridge's width war when the German emperor those nations who are fighting legislation wenkone our reste-swastikas, and whose avowed aim is paragus sticks leave only a give him a hell of a headache.
tance; the amendments proposed people's community in Low-Germen aggression.
As Mr. Roger Babson, the well- by President Roosevelt are the Flanders with other elanographie pen to traffic and that remain-paid a State visit to the young Queen known US. statistician now visit best reinforcemonts his country German communities." The written ing part, If an emergency arises, Wilhelmina, the Kaiser boasted of it clear that it can be blocked in the same way, his wonderful army, some companies
in loss than a minute..
PLEASE Turn To Page 3. Ing Hongkong, said in an address can offer us-short of going to matter makes
PLEASE Turn To Page 3. Inet Friday, America cannot afford war...
sive allianco,
"National Sociallatliche
one
the historic Dutch defence