The
RIGHT Label is
White Label"
· 105020
30 hor
"White Label" FINEST SCOTCH WHISKY OF GREAT ACE
John Dewar&Sons Ltd
PERTH
DISTILLERS,
DEWAR'S FAMOUS SCOTCH
SOLE ACENTS:
IT NEVER VARIES
A. S.. WATSON & CO., LTD.
WINE DEPT,
LATEST
TEL. 20516.
H. M. V. DANCE RECORDINGS
DD5488—Deep Purple. FT. . .
I'm Building A Sallboat of Dreams,
BD3486-The Spider and The Fly, F.T.
Taint What You Do, V.T.
ED5484-Gypsy Tears. F.T.
Chopsticks-Quick-step.
BU5483-Apple Blossom Time. F.T.
Poor Contrary Mary. FT.
F.T.
I paid for The Lle that I Told You. Waltz.
„Jack Harrin's Orch.
Fats Waller's Orch.
Jack Hylon's Orch.
..Jack Hylon's Orch.
.Geraldo's Orch.
Geraldo's Orell.
SWING-Played by the WORLD FAMOUS ARTISTS
Begin the Beguine. F.T..
BD5481-Small Town. FT.
BD5482-Begin the Beguine. FT. Little Bir Echo.
Waliz.
B8000-Deep Purple. FT.
B8805Sweet Sue. Just You.
F.T.
Sweet Hue,
Just You.
F.T.
B0018-Changes. F.T.
Louisiana. F.T.
18008-Topsy. F.T
Smoke House Rhythm. F.T.
Benny Goodman's Orch.
.......Benny Herigan's Orch.
18007 Black Bottom. FT.
Trees. FT.
Artic Shaw's Orcli.
...Tommy Dorsey's Orch. Benny Goodman's Orch. Paul Whiteman's Orch.
Messrs. S. MOUTRIE & Co., Ltd.
YORK BUILDING
Tel. 20527
CHATER ROAD.
TOPS,
I CALL
IT!
Riding high in spirits is natural to children who use CASTORIA. No need to urge them to take a, laxative. They know CASTORIA is pleasant in taste. Know, also, that it is mild and effective on their systems, Makes them feel fit and antlafied- as though they were sitting on top of the world! Mothers share this feeling of prido in CAS TORIA because it is safe, effective. In millions of homes it is used at the first sign of a coated tongue, an upset stomach or when a cold-in developing Get acquainted with CASTÓRIA, the laxative. prepared especially for children. Buy a bottle to- day. Keep it in YOUR home.
CASTORIA
THE CHILDREN'S LAXATIVE
CASTORIA
PLEASE! OR NOTHING!"
The [doni laxauvafor children from baby- bood to 11 jam. Castoria quickly and gently atles. slates aspaldive bowels and correcta opastatomach. Many does in each bolife. Una se needed, Tikwepa.
COUNT THE TELEGRAPHS EVERYWHERE
Wednesday,
HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
The car that made
14 h.p. motoring famous.
The NEW VAUXHALL
14 SIX
Manufacturing schedules were trebled to catch up with the demand for this livelier, bigger, more luxurious Vauxhall 14. 30 m.p.g. at 30 m.p.h. Independent springing, all synchromesh gears, hydraulic brakes, etc.,
May we demonstrate?
HONGKONG HOTEL GARAGE
Stubbs Rd,
Tel. 27778-9
DEATH
CORREA. At 2. Liberty Avenue, Kowloon, at 4 p.m. September 19, 1939, Pamela Soares Correa beloved daughter of Mr. and Mrs. C. M. Correa, Corlege will pass the Monument fa-dayat 5.30
13. (Shanghai and papers please ropy).
Macoo
Hongkong Telegraph.
Wyndham St., Hongkong
Phone 26615
September 20, 1939
America and Destiny
THE United States at this moment is beginning in face the realisation that a deep and shaking change in its own position has occurred.
Everything that was said, thought and felt on Isolation and Neutrality a year ago, a month ago or even a week ago. has now to be recalled and re-examined.
The blunt and inescapable truth now before-Americans-is- that Russia has not, only aban- doned the Allied cause but has
taken Up the cause of our enemies,
September 20, 1939,
The Birth
of A
Fever there was a country which could justly com- plain of encirclement it is Poland. Poland's whole history has been a fight-alternately won and lost- against powerful neighbours. Repeatedly allies have promised help and then left her to fight alone.
There is, in fact, nothing new about Po- land's present situation. The Poles have been conditioned against it by nine centuries of history. And the Poles are as conscious of their history as the Irish. They live on it."
Poland first appeared as B nation in the tenth century, but in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries civil wars and disrup tion into minor principalities weakened the kingdom and left it open. to invasion from both East and West, In the four- teenth century Casimir the Great restored unity and con- quered the fat lands of Galicia.
When the. Polish and Lithuanian crowns were united by marriage in 1386, Poland's first period of greatness began. Civil and intellectual freedom, combined with the artistic Renaissance which a Sforza princess brought with her from Italy, nude Poland one of the grent States of Europe.
But Poland's greatness de- cayed. The Jagello dynasty died out in 1572 and the crea tion of an elective monarchy gave the surrounding Powers an easy handle with which to mani- pulate, Poland's internal affairs. Elections were nearly always carried out under threat of force from outside.
Death
and Nation
1914 and NOW
BY
DONALD
HODSON
WARSAW
AUSTRIA
HUNGARY
The area enclosed, in the map above, by the black line is the present shape of Peland. The darker shaded areas are those parts of Poland held by Germany in 1914. The lighter shaded area is that part held by the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The remaining white area was held by Tsarist Russia in 1914.
The figure on the left is a Polish peasant dancing in national costume: on the right; Polish staff officers examine a new anti-aircraft gun..
quickly. At the head of the Regency Council in Warsaw be rapidly restored order, evacuated Germans, and compromised with the Left elements in the coun- try. Paderewski, world-famous pianist and composer, was his right-hand man and ablest pro- pagandist.
VHILE Poland'a frontiers. were being decided at
out of Warsaw and Vilna, before offered their services to the The final degeneration came the revolt was crushed.
Austrian Army, and by 1916 with the fantastic custom of the
there were three Polish brigades Polish Parliament of allowing
Kosciuszko's success kept the in the Austrian Army. itself to be adjourned on the spirit of liberty burning vote of any one deputy. Most throughout the dark days of But Pilsudski soon saw that Versailles, to the fury of the parliaments naturally ended in the nineteenth century, the the Austrians were more in- Germans who lost Danzig and this way.
Period of Captivity. The Con- terested in his men than in his Pomerania (better known as the gress of Vienna confirmed the ideals for Polish freedom, and Polish Corridor), Pitaudski was Partition, and Poland existed he resigned his command. in the field facing more urgent only in so far as her foreign
problems.
:
the
Simultaneously Germany de-
the war.
tories.
MEANWHILE, one of the Lithuania, and launched his
Russia still held Polish terri- THE decline of Poland rulers allowed her liberty. In clared the independence of Po-
was being closely watch this respect Russia was the land, and Pilsudski was co-opted by the counter-revolution. But tory and Russia was weak, split ed by four rapacious neighbours most generous.
into its puppet Government. He Pilsudski hesitated to press his Russia, Austria, Prussia and But it was not enough. In resigned in 1917 when the Ger- claims as he feared ho might the Scandinavian Empire across 1830 and again in 1863 revolt mans refused the formation of overthrow the Soviets and put the Baltic. In the complicated against Russian rule broke out, an independent Polish Army in a conservative government Europe was playing in game of power politics that but the yoke was not to be He was guoled in Magdeburg, that would insist on the return the shaken off until the whole of where he stayed till the end of of Russia's lost Polish terri- eighteenth century Poland did Europe was at war. not stand a chance. The time
However, in the spring of was ripe for partition.
1919 he attacked. He rapidly *****In' Russia Peter the Great`and-
-occupied ----Vilna, -capital of- then Catherine 11. schemed for
POLAND'S role in an outlet on the Baltic-at the
Great War is complex
earliest neta of the scheme of a federation of anti- The expense of Poland, Frederick and confusing.
Polish first Russian revolution of Russian States. A month later the Great and his son saw the patriots were divided into two March, 1917, was to announce an he seized Galicia, in order to To millions of Americans future of Prussia in the con- groups; the Passivists under independent Polish Stato. join up Poland with Rumania. who, despite their constant and
quest of Poland. Austria's Dmowski,, who had abandoned But Russia's humiliating Urged on by France and anxious interest in events in sprawling empire was mostly the hope of independence by re- peace with Germany at Brest ignoring Russia's opposition Europe, have always had a interested in maintaining the volutionary means, and the Litovsk destroyed Polish hopes; Pilsudski attacked the Soviet serisation of being spectators status quo.
Activists under Pilsudski, who and the Polish Patriots turned Ukraine. It was a mistake. and not players, this reallsation!
had not.
to the Allies. And with success. The Bolsheviks were determined must produce a profound shock. The break came in 1764 when
Pilsudski, the hero of Poland's The thirteenth of President at all costs to hold the rich The creed of Neutrality, Catherine manoeuvred one of which has been the foundation her cast-off lovers, Stanising revival, went to Tokyo in 1904 Wilson's Fourteen Points made Ukraine, and Red armies under when the Russo-Japanese war Poland an independent nation Tukhachevsky launched an offen- of American thought for the
Poniatowski, on to the Polish had broken out and had asked on the principle of self deter. sive on the Northern front. past twenty years, has been
for arms. They were refused, minntion.
Vilna fell. The Red armies undermined in a single day.
Catherine used the pretext of so he returned to Austrian Po- When Pilsudski was releuseil marched on into Poland, right Jesuitical religious intolerance land and there organised rifle from prison after the Armistice to the gates of Warsaw. Pil- in Poland further to impose her clubs. When war broke out he things began to 'move
throne.
"
control, but the Poles hated Russian influences intensely that
1
four years' guerrilla war GRIN AND BEAR IT ensued. This, combined with threats on Russia from Tur- key and Austria, persuaded Catherine that she could get most of what she wanted through Partition.
If Britain and France should | be defented, Germany would be master, of the world, and the position of the United States would be desperate. But to ensure that Britain and France cannot possibly Bus tain defeat, the United Staten must prepare to abandon all the old conceptions of Neutrality.
This is the bitter decision the United States faces to-day. That is why the decision Ameri- ca must take is not one that will henceforth be endangered by filibustering-party-politics, and why Republican and Democratic leaders, at last alive to the situation, are meeting at the White House to-day to thrash The shock awakened Poland out together the problem of De- and there was a brief period of mocracies versus Totalitarians | Intelligent reform. Patriotic. as it affects the greatest Demo- feeling broke out again and, the cracy of all.
withdrawal of, Russian troops It is certain that events in Was demanded. But "fifth- Europe during the past week column" tactics of the aristo- have weakened Isolationism. It cracy preserved Catherine's is equally certain, however, that power, and the spread of danger- positive nld for the Allies will ous ideas of freedom from the be forthcoming only in the face French Revolution led her to of stert opposition from the engineer the second Partition of minority led by Senator Borah, Poland in 1793.
So in 1772 the first Partition Treaty of Poland was signed.. The Polish Diet was bullied and bribed into accepting the loss of a third-of--Poland's territory. Russia took a large portion, Austria took Galicia, Prussia took West Prussia.
Poland as a country was ex~. tinguished.
Σ
America may still hesitate against aiding the Democracies. But the indications are that, at the very least, the Neutrality Act will be revised on Septem- ONE man kept the patrio ber 26 in such. fashion that the
tic fire alight. Hos foreign policy dietated by that cluszko was in Parla hoping to legialation will no longer operate get aid. for Poland. He failed, injuriously to Britain and but alane he led the Poles France, as it does to-day,
against, Russia and drove them
more sudski's arms supplies were held up by both Czechs and Ger- mans. Danzig dockers struck
munists.
By Lichty sympathy with the Com-
Par. 1ỉá sự Vidieť Pociute
"We may as well head back north, Stonewall-the society
photographers are beginning to `thin out."
PILSUDSKI alone had not lost hope. On August 16, 1920, he. eounter-attacked nhd turned the Russian flank outside Warsaw, and the retreat began. With the treaty of Riga In-March-1921, -the-war was
ended..
Probably Pilsudski could have got even better terms; But, as It was, only 15 per cent, of the five millions that became Pollsh under the treaty were of Polish nationality.
Poland as it now is contains minorities of about 750,000 Ger- |mans, 5,000,000 'Ukrainians and 1,500,000 White Russians. It la by no means an ethnical unity.
Nevertheless, Poland in the years since the war built herself". into a great nation, with a great pride in her history and in the efforts that had created her, Janow.
Poland last year had a popula tion of 35,000,000, an increase of 8% million (nearly half a mil- lion a year) since the war. Of European countries this was by far the highest birthrate. As n. consequence Poland had a very low average aige.