û
THE HONGKONG Telegraph, TUESDAY, AUGUST 22, 1939.
APPLES!
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THE ABC of HEALTH
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Each Flagon Contains Five Glasses.
1
$1.80 PER FLAGON
$1.25 PER 14 FLAGON
A. S. WATSON & CO., LTD.
WINE DEPT.
TEL. 20016.
JENNI KAMERAATTIČIA SEND ANNEX FUTURUCHTEN NANJA E BRENDONOMOTHELIOSORAJAPAL901DEL 20-11 KJBREJY
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The Mastersingers of Nuremberg (Wagner)
Complete recording of Act 3 with an ideal cast. Including:- Chorus of the Dresden State Opera, the Saxon State Orchestra
Album Series No. 329
.Alfred Cortot with:- Concerto No. 2 in F minor (Chopin ... John Barbirolli's Orchestra Album No. 30 Symphony No. 86 in D Major (Haydn)London Symphony Orch. The Hundred Kisses (D'elanger) Ballet Suite
London Philharmonic Orchestra Conducted By-Antal Dorati The Dancing Years-(Ivor Novello's Latest Drury Lane Success) With: Mary Ellis-Ivar Novello-Olive Gilbert and Roma Beaumont Rondo from "Haffner" Serenade (Mozart) Ballade No. 3 in A Flat Major (Chopin)
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HONGKONG HOTEL GARAGE
Stubbs Rd.
The
Tel. 27778-9
Hongkong Telegraphı.
Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 August 22, 1939
Commendable Sense
Of Perspective
..Fritz KreislerTHAT the
Benno Moiseiwitsch
S. MOUTRIE & Co., Ltd. will den.
York Bldg.
Tel. 20527
Chater Road.
SEDAAN 2 PEALE DEFINE PIPE 3 REMAIN ALLE BEDESTRICES
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Members of New York Cotton Exchange
Chicago Board of Trade
Winnipeg Grain Exchange
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New York Coffee and Sugar Exchange
Manila Stock Exchange
Hongkong Sharebrokers Association
Shanghai Stock Exchange
SHANGHAI, HONGKONG, MANILA AND SINGAPORE
Cable Address: Swanstock
situation On the
horder is disturbing noherly will deny. We ourselves, follow- ing a well-established policy of giving the public vital and im- percable data, bave published during the past week factual reports from the frontier which could not but help give serious food for thought. Happily the Hongkong public is not given to startling emotional reactions to events of this nature, and this excellent sense of perspective
must
of considerable encouragement to the Colony's authorities.
Neither is there any reason to believe that the public is luring itself into any false sense of security by this display of equanimity. While it is gener- ally recognised that the activi ties on the other side of the are discomforting, it is
border
LOTYKORVARNIRAJ | | also believed that they hold out
At
the
Repulse Bay
HOTEL
Geo Pio-Ulski's String
Quintette
During SUNDAY Tiffins
1 p.m. to 2.30 p.m.
A la Carte & Table d'Hote
no immediate threat to Hong-
kong. It is obvious, with com- munication between Hongkong and the Chinese hinterland more
or less completely ent off, that in certain respects the Colony must be affected. There is
already being experienced A shortage of certain vegetables, though fortunately of only a very small variety, but even this position, it is felt, is not likely
10
remain permanent. While
BY COMMANDER RUSSELL GRENFELL (Author of authoritative books on naval strategy and warfare,)
CONOMIC blockade is one of the most important wnys in which naval power is manifested. Not that it is confined to navies, ns is sometimes stated. Quile the contrary.
An army spread out along an enemy's frontler can, and does, exercise a far more complete blockade over that frontier than I possible ut sen, where it is very diflicult to prevent an occasional cargo slipping through,
What makes the naval blockade So Important is the large volume of International trade that is car- ried by ships.
The crippling effect of the Bri- tish naval blockade of Germany in the last war is well-known., A pro- gressive shortage of food gradually demoralised the German people, especially the civil population, who bore the brunt of It.
THE German war effeFL was also kravely hamp~ ered by the increasin scarcity of many essential com- modities, such as copper, nickel. cotton, rubber; In spite of the melting down of church bells, dnor handles, and stair rods, the re- placement of the nickel coinage by Iron, and the removal of rubber from bicycle tyres, billiard tables. and even babies' bottles.
The Germans, of course, did their best 10 return the compli ment, chtelly by means of their submarines. Fur L time they made thing very unpleasant for us. but in the end we managed to defeat their submarine campaign, and thus ensured the maintenance of our own supplies.
We did so by R variety of Measures,
which among
Food rationing, the intensive construc- tion of merchant ships, and offen- sive action against the enemy submarines by destroyers, sloops, trawlers. drifters. submarinen, drcoy ships, and motor-boats, with the aid of airships, neroplanes and even sea Hons and seagulls, all played a part.
THE Most important counteraction of all was the Introduction of convoy. enabling merchant shipping to be more easily pro- tected and hostile submarines more: effectively attacked. Ir only we had taken steps to or- ganise a convoy system cariler in the war, we should not have Buffered so close a shave.
Thus there was blockade, and successful blockade, of Germany by us: and counter-blockade, though ultimately unsuccessful, of us by Germany. How would we stand In these matters now, if war with Germany were again to come?
On the offensive side, our naval control of seaborne commerce destined for Germany, remarkably effective last time, should be ren- dered even Ughter by the great scouting facilities which modern aircraft can provide.
On the political side, however. the extensive, substitution of sit for
Hongkong is threatened with a blockade by the sea, as was the story current in the Colony yesterday. It is also of moment to point out that the alleged! statement by a Japanese spokes- man in Canton hinting Japanese reprisals against Hongkong bas received no affirmation from Tokyo,
Government is not likely to the Government has mude no deny the potential dangers of the official statement on the border present international situation situation, it is felt to be quietly as reflected in European and Far confident that Hongkong's posi-Eastern events, but it is display- tion will remain virtually un-ing an exemplary attitude in nifected.
keeping with the local position.
In these times of duress-the It is an attitude which we feel effects of which are visible the sure the public will accept and world over-speculations are embrace, realising that come rife, and rumour a lying jade what may, the authorities have which should be eschewed at all everything fully in hand, and
THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD. coats. Thus it is well to pro- that the impairment of Hong-
nounce here and now that there kong's integrity will never be is not the slightest evidence that|permitted.
coal us a marine fuel, will have lessened our power to exercise the bunker control which proved so valuable in 1914-10,
On balance, however, I estimate that our ability to intercept sup- plies for Germany will be as eff- enclour as before, while the ex- pertence. we gained on the last occasion should enable us to apply the economic pressure much more quickly.
Whether Germany is as much subject to the effects of that pres- sure is another matter. The British naval blockade of the last Wall
dcep stamped its imprint
German minds; and of late years Oermany's whole economy 1765 been refashioned to reduce her dependence on over-seas supplies.
It would be idle to deny that the has been largely successful in toing 50. In particular, her pro- portion of home-grown food in much higher than in 1914.
Yet there are certain commodi- ties, among which are rubber, cot- ton, hemp, wool, and vegetable olls, for which she is largely de pendent 011 overseas shipments, though storage has probably been arranged in these cases.
The petroleum altuntion is un ertain. Coal distillation and the use of producer gas have reduced Gerninty's overscus requirements, and access to Rumanin ellfields would reduce them still more.
IT 13 very doubtful, however,
thu cnormous quantities
whether
of petrol and other liqull fucí stro would require in war could a be obtained from European sources.
Germany Ins undoubtedly im- proved her economic strategical position, and could therefore last out longer
a against
hostile blockade, But. given time, It would bring her down as surely as before.
It is important to note, more- over, that Germany'a partner, Italy, in extremely vulnerable to naval blockade. No less than 80 per cent. of her supplies are brought in by sea, 70 per cent. coming through either the Straits of Gib- raltar or the Suez Canal. Italy could therefore be subjected im- mediately to very severe economie pressure, which must take effect in a comparatively short time.
Then we come to the defensive side of the case. If Germany has rendered herselt less susceptible to naval blockade, does the same ap- ply to us? So far as blockade i carried out by naval vessels, the answer is that we, too, are more imnunc.
*
THE chief menace in the late
war caid from the submarine. Since then, we have perfected an echo- detecting device which overcomes our chief previous difficulty in dealing with underwater vessels; namely, the lack of knowledge of their position when submerged.
We can now locate a submarine that we cannot see, and are there- fore in a position to deal effectively with it. Sen-borne commerce, how- ever. can now be attacked by
aircraft as well as ships; and our position in regard to neřħal blockade is much more ques- tionable. There is a clear possi- bility that the air threat against our sea communications may be very serious,
For instance, It air attack can elther smash up the London Docks or bring the work there to al standstill, the effect will be the same as if an impenetrable naval blockado lino were stretched across the mouth of the Thames.
Our obvious counter to this ad- 'verse contingency is to take our Shipping away from the Chanel and the North Sea and bring it in to the western ports at Plymouth, Falmouth. Milford, Avonmouth, Cardiff, Liverpool and the Clyde.
But even the western ports are not outside bombing range, and no one can yet tell for certain to what extent air attack could inter- fere with the safe arrival of out vital supplies.
THIS feeling of uncer- tainty, amplified as 1 Is by the know- Jedne that the volume of shipping has seriously declinen since 1918, is at the root of the current demands for storage, de manda which reach as high as a year's supply.
The objection to storage on any extensive scale is that it costs much. I calculate that it woul come to £24,000,000 a year to ja; up a year's basle food supply. Thi is a lot of money, and there woule be the danger of the food golur bad, being eaten by rats, or other- wise contaminated.
Over and above this, it seen preferable to put my available money into more aircraft or anti- aircraft guns, with a view to en- suring that enemy aircraft do not come to bomb the ports and mer- chant shipping, or that they get shot down if they do. The nati cial equivalent to a year's storag would be about 500 first-line ni: craft.
Naval history shows that, in se warfare, the only nure way of de- tealing a hostile blockade is to autfight the blockaders, not to 021- provision them. It will be surpris ing if the same principle is not found to hold good in the air.
PIED PIPER
UP-TO-DATE
HE
E wears no yellow and red tunle and carries no mogle flate, but the twinkle in his eyes would put Hamelin's piper to shame. Although the rats are Indiferent to his appeal, the children find him irresistible, and the news of his arrival flashes from one to another,
Soon a tlle regiment is at his heels and, nure in the knowledge of his conquering power, he swaggers ahead, a tmp sack skung over his shoulder and n large, well-worn suitcase in his hand. His band of admirers are eager for him to stop, but 1 elects his stance unhurried- iy.
At Just he fling the snek to the ground, opens the case and draws a trumpet from its depths. This is the moment his audience have been waiting for, and сусп and mouth widen as he raises the trumpet to hk lips, Three blasts echo through the neigh- bourhood, and an avalanche of children pour from the houses and struggle for a foremost pusă- tion.
When the excfferent lung reached Ita topmost pitch be dramatically pulls of this "enverinis of the mult care and displays what to these childish eyes must be an amazing collection of wonders. There aro dotis, engines, pistols, maska, drume, boats, Intion end-dresses- chuon of reds, grreng, blurt, and yellows.
Then
Jucky one appears Triumphantly he hande aver his offering of engn, which are exatalned with nerve-racking asliberation. When, after an age of musperno, an endre le taken from the ease, tha delighted youngster in mobbed by envious comparilons. Itags and more Tags are crammed into the mock, A Hitle girl rolemnly, presents a beer bottle, which ta eritically held to the un and snuted, before being accept- rd and steposited among the other contributors. This time a flaxer-
aired doit changes hande,
Business in over for the day. He plate his ears in a chorus of re-
geln the now pronciful "Oh's." buiging aack on his shoulder again. and passes through a reluctantly formed gangway. Right in the end of the street the more persistent and honefni straggle in his wake.
He is soon out of night, but if you Usten very intently you may hear, in Betance, three faint trumpet
1. M. 5.
cally.
LESSONS OF
THE 'ROYAL’
BY JOHN SUSSEX
»
PEAKING of the Royal to visitors, from overstan especially. to find such a high quality of farm Centenary Show held in
livestock in the rings is proof of this. Windsor Great Park They never knew this country had so -that was a good show, defnite an agricultural background. that was.
Maybe it was not so good an Affair as might have been- there was a good deal too much snobbery at the top end of it. Landed gentry and their women- folk assumed agricultural roles for which many of them are not The genuine article qualified. elther got pushed well into the background or was exhibited as a bit of picturesque rusticity.
Yet in spite of what there was of this. the rural wealth of Britain is still great and so well preserved that the Show itself was abundantly sup- plied with authentic materini,
More could be made of it than was. The fact that it came as sich n shock
GRIN AND BEAR IT
By Lichty
"I'm hardly over bothered with lost balls—I usually play
somebody elso's.”
4
And this country, only the size of the State of 11inals in the USA., stil han it in most of the other breeds.
I
night to as well for all of us t agriculture was provided with a propu ganda section in the offices of the British Council, the body charged with making known this country's attrl- butes abroad,
More thinn 100,000 visitors to this centenary show have seen something of it for themselves. And millions more must have gathered na much Irom what was conveyed to them through the Press and over the radio. When this nation comes really to make up its mind that it means to make more of its farming potentiall- les. It will find that it has an asset which can be doubled in volume and value within a decade,
Farmers in Britain will have no need to blent for subsidies when that fact is more positively linked up with the com- plementary fact of an industrial popu- lation positively languishing for fresh foodstuffs, on their very doorstep.
Then there were the sections deal- fn with various aspects of past and present rural life itself. What kind of a countryside do we posscas in which to, nurture human social and mental antisfactions? The all-electric farm- stend was presented as a dream. The farm-worker's cotinge was exhilated as a model. Both are attainable, and much else that they stand for. You for no substantial reasons at oll we still do little to make them commonplace.
There were corners that were more saltools When urban encouraging. take to playing; country music, weRV- grum wool and learning the name of trees and birds, there cannot be much need is worry about putting a rural bins into country-school curri- culums. The drift la setting in the other way. Fit Ulie villages and coun- try towns with civilized standards of amenities and we should soon fill up our empty spaces.
What about the young among the country people themselves? Was there anything wrong about the enthusiasm of those who took part in the cnttle Judging competitions? And were the dairymaids who patted the butter and made the cream cheeses in the old- time farmhouse kitchen any less comely than those of whom tradition han bonzled and toasted?
I couldn't imagine so. When a Uni- versity ke Reading As up as it does with a type drawn. from both sexes as keen on the farming life as over has been, then what is there to worry about?
If the "Royal" at Windsor had re- captured the spirit which caught up its predecessor at Ipswich a few years since, it would have been an unsUTPAS- Enblo centenary." It just Incked the touch of the man straight from the ploughl Titles are no substitute for type.
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