G-
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPII, TUESDAY, JULY 18, 1939.
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The Mastersingers of Nuremberg (Wagner)
Complete recording of Act 3 with an ideal cast, Including: Chorus of the Dresden State Opera, the Saxon State Orchestra
Album Series No. 329
...Alfred Cortot with:- Album No. 330
Concerto No. 2 in F minor (Chopin) John Barbirolli's Orchestra Symphony No. 86 in D Major (Haydn) London Symphony Orch. The Hundred Kisses (D'elanger) Ballet Suite
London Philharmonic Orchestra Conducted By-Antal Doratl The Dancing Years-lvor Novello's Latest Drury Lane Success) With:-Mary Ellis-Ivor Novello-Olive Gilbert and Roma Beaumont Rondo from "Haffner" Serenade (Mozart) Ballade No. 3 in A Flat Major (Chopin)
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"Good morning, sunshine!**
"Go to blants!" "Now, now temper I That's not like mummy's little blue- eyed boy."
Ok, go and climb a tree. I hope you get a thick head like mins. Teach you to jeer." ""Thank you, I can jeer perfectly well I don't need any lessons. As for the thick head so long as I stick to Gimlets or have a stiff glass of Rose's lime juice before I glide beneath my moa- quito net - I'll never get one."
"You'll get one now if you don't clear out. (Pause.] What did you say about lime juice 2 "My dear fellow - the path- ology of the common hangover is interesting. The blood alcohol content falls spidly after ad- ministration of Rose's Lime : Juice the stomach..."
n
"Fred
does this stuff work. retrospectively?" "No, harm in trying. Send your boy out for a bottle of Rose's now." "BOY!"
cargo-carrying fresh points of interest are arising constantly..
WILL
HAING
THEY KEEP. THE GATE CLOSED?
How strong
is the Axis?
N
BY DOUGLAS JAY
AZI
Germany and Fascist Italy are econo-
mically much less able to fight a long war than elther Britain, France, Russia or the United States.
Just at the moment as a chat with an Imperial Airways official reveals-two new facta
an are worth noting. One is increasing variety in the loads now consigned by air-particu- larly on European routes. The other is the still greater time- saving made possible by the speed of new express-planes operating on continental routes.-if nobody will work for you any
"Anything from a motor-car part to a box of flowers; or from a consignment of wireless valves
to a valuable pedigree dog"!
That is how a freight official illustrates the variety in the loads now forthcoming.
He goes on to emphasise how speed in the air is reinforced by speed on the ground. On receipt of a message that a'load is on its way to London by train, prepara- Lory to dispatch by air, arrange- ments are made immediately for this consignment to be collected at the rail terminus and rushed to Croydon to catch the next outgoing air service. It is a question of saving minutes as well na of hours and days.
Britain's inland air-lines are playing an increasing part in the acceleration of urgent loads. Put aboard an express-plane say at Glasgow, a consignment can be flown to the Croydon air-port, arranged schedules being so that an immediate connection is established at Croydon with one of the continental. air-liners leaving for Peris or some other destination across the Channel,
He's False Alarm Fireman
Danville, Pa.
A member of the Washington Fire Company was convicted of sending in a false firo alarm. He allegedly called the fire company and then stood in the middle of the street and 'directed traffic.
We must not count on Fascist Anance producing sudden "col- lapse "or" bankruptcy" during Bankruptcy" in peace time.
the normal sense exlats only in the world of capitalist econo- mics, where economic relations are free and uncontrolled,
In that world you go bankrupt longer, or if you have not the money to buy the goods you
want.
In Nazi Germany cocrelon and terror can always be used if goods and services cannot be secured voluntarily. As long, therefore, as there is no external resistance to Nazi aggression, the system can hardly go bankrupt. A brigand can- not go
bankrupt" if the police let liim rob as he pleases.
ON the contrary. Hitler finance has now reached such a revolutionary point
that
the Nazi leaders must, for economic reasons alone, further feel impelled towards aggression. First, the shortage of foreign exchange, due to war pre- paration, has been twice solved during the past year by the seizure of gold and foreign securities in Austria and Czecho-Slovakia.
But cach mobilisation uses up
more imported materials; and the evidently Nazl authorities now count on replenishing them by the seizure of more foreign gold.
Secondly, big part of German Gavernment expenditure is now being covered not by cash, but by promises to let the taxpayer off his taxes a year or so hence. This system also cannot work unless the Authorities are intending to arizo new territories and tax them ruth- lesly also.
would be too optimistic to expect either that the system will break down quickly in peace time, or that its weaknesses will restrain the Nazi leaders from risky aggrcs- sion. Only the certainty of col- lective resistance will do that:
But in actual war between great Powers the economic weakness of Germany, and to a greater degree Italy, would increase. with every month of the struggle.
THIS is not mainly bo- cause, as is sometimes the Nazis hove sold, "used up their reserves" before the war begins, whereas the de- mocracies have kept theirs intact. Actually
the greater economie preparation of Nazi Germany-the fact that the system 14 already working all out would at the out- set be in the Nazis' favour.
Germany would have two real weaknesses. First her inability to produce or import certain essen-.
tial raw materials. Secondly, the lower resisting power of a people. who would embark on the struggle after already having made pro- longed sacriflees, both material and psychological.
Germany in wartime could pro- ducc
a large proportion of the necessary food supplies, but not the whole. Probably 20 per cent. would still have to be imported, and exports would have to be sold Even in order to pay for thesc.
chronic there would be a $0, faming of certain foods, such as butter and eggs.
INmunition"wmaking power Germany la ex- tremely formidable, par- ticularly after the seizure of Czecho-Slovakia. Eteel produc- tion at 50 per cent. greater than ours, and coal as great. In aircraft production we are only about drawing level.
But Germany's manufacturing machine could not function for long without imported materials, The need for timber has been largely solved as a result of the conquest of Austria and Czecho- Slovakia, and textiles could bo partly supplied by the new wood substitute for wool-which is tho one real success of the "substituto programme,"
But in oil, iron ore and rubber enormous imports would be neces- sary, and in certain other materinia here would be a continuously critical situation. It is unlikely that Rumania could supply all the oil necessary
for u
a warring Germany, even if the Nazis had complete control of the Ruinanian all wells And if those wells were ruthlessly and uneconomically exploited.
Big supplies of ore both from Spain and
Sweden-assuming Lorraino not to be conquered--- would be necessary. If the Nazis controlled the Baltic, Sweden would be compelled to sell; but Spanish supplies would clearly bo thore difficult to secure.
OTHER cereals and minerals would bo largely
from drawn south-eastern Europe; and the consequences of the Munich Agree- mont have enormously increased the Nazis' power of drawing raw materials from that aren,
and strategical position would be altered, and the Nazis' chief war problem would be solved.
Europe Goes On Parade
TX7HAT of the European
W rowers? How do they
scripts?
Italy's importing problem would be far more acute, and can be Illustrated by one point, Elg im- deni with ports of coal are essential to Italy. and normally shu gets them from Britain, Poland and elsewhere. II she were blockaded in the Mediter- BLW WO ranean, and had to get coal from Germany, goods-trains full of coal would have to run day and night on both the two railways between Italy and Germany, to the exclu sion of all other traffic, to keep Italian industry going.
Most important of all, even where imports could be strategically obtained by Germany or Italy, they would have to be paid for wherever the terroristle weapon could not be used; and in the ultimate power of buying imports Britain and France are immeasurably stronger than the Fascist Blates,
AL
their young con-
FRANCE
LL Frenchmen between the ages of 20 and 50 ure liable for military service.
On reaching 20, the recruit serves continuously with the Colours for ond then returns to two years, elvillan life. For the following two years he is liable to immediate recall to the active Army without the pro- mulgation of special decrees.
Then, for the next 10 years-until in the First Reserve, he is 40-he and for the following ten years in the Second Reserve.
While in both Reserves he is called up for training in camp or barracks for a fortnight or three weeks every- alternate year.
Neither. Germany nor Italy has any- thing but a negligible reserve of gold or foreign securities; and it is only the seizure of £100,000,000 or so of foreign assets, now largely exhausted, from Austria and Czecho-Slovakia that has kept Germany going in the past year. Great Britain bas £700,000,000 af gold, as well as probably £3,000,000,000 of foreign tecurities. France haspations when reaching the ago of 20 £500,002,000 of gold and a very bly reserve of securities.
Exemptions from military servico are allowed only in the case of those not physically it, but students wait- ing to pass examinations or in train- ing for certain special civilian occu- can postpone their period of service for two or three years. They cannot, however, escape it altogether.
ITALY
TTALIAN men receive com- pulsory training from the age of 0 to 32, when their normal period of Army service is completed. After that they are liable to be draft- cd into the Army in case of emer-
"Catch them young, and we will see to it that they are mentally and physically moulded for the battle of national life," is the slogan of the Italian Government.
IN any long struggle these colossal reserves would be bound to tell in the end, even if Russte nad the United States were unwilling to supply goods on credit to the democratic countries. In this sense it is a vital truth that the Fascist Governments have used up all their reserves already.
Secondly, there is the crucial ques-gency up to the age of 55. tion of the staying power of the people. If war uld come, the German worker would start it having already endured five years of over-work, under-payment, and under-feeding. The average Ger man is now working len hours a day. Boys between 8 and 14 are trained and 60-60 hours a week, for a real wage
by the Balllla, or youth organisation. roughly equivalent to Brith unem This is chiefly a moral and physical ployment beneft.
education. Between 14 and 18 their Insurance and other contributionstraining is in sports and gumes; and are forcibly deducted from his wage. his trade union organisations have been destroyed, and all'his savings aro in effect in the hands of the state.
On top of all this, he has to suffer a shortage of certain foods, such as ces and butter, which were cons aldered a normal necesalty before the Nuri system descended upon him.
He works therefore, more out of fear than out of hope; and if war came fear and hunger would as a matter of course be redoubled. How long could propaganda succeed in driving him on? That is where the economie break- down of the totalitarian Blates will
bo reached-when thebut diminishing intervals.. ultimately people themselves see that poverty is the reality and propaganda merely the Façade of the oppression under which they live.
BO while the free peoples must not under-rate tho strength of the formid- abe military machine now threatening then, they should have confidence in tolz own ultimate reserves of moral and material power. Properly organ- ised and united, those reserves must in The end be invincible."
from 18 to 21 it is of a military character.
At 21 they become liable to com- pulsory milliary service, and the normal time of service in the active Army is 10 months for all arms. Posta they held before enlistment must be kept open for them on their return to civil life.
They are then placed on the' Re serve, liable for military service when called on until the age of 65. During this period they undergo drills and military instruction at regular
RUSSIA
UNIVERSITY, military ser
the 'rule in Ituseta. Liability to service begins at the ago of 19, when preparatory training on a millia basis begins. Then follows an advanced training course of 280 hours. Later comes service with the. Colours, and then on Reserve. The average number of men called up each year la 1,200,000 of
I think it is reasonable to assume that whereas Hitler could not have fought for more than six months before Munich, he could now, as a result of it, fight for two or three times as long.
But even so the cereals and minerals of south-eastern Europe, ike Rumania's oll, are not sum- cient both to supply those coun- tries and to give a war-timo
Though the first blow of Nazi Ger Germany all it would need.
many might be terrible, she could nol Hero one moral 15 plala and
win long war it fussia wero against paramount. If Russia were allen- her. It is even now in the pe ser of ated by the Western Powers and the Peace Front, therefore, not merely to win a war II. it should come, but to became sufficiently noutral to be willing to supply Germany. with prevent it from coming by an over
{dervica; economio whelming show of defensive strength.' materials, the whole
400,000 gain exemption, whom about Pre-conscription military training, In 18. provided non-compulsory, schools for boys and girls from .0 upwards. Moscow and Leningrad both have an infantry regiment in which the maximum age is 10. - Giria as well as boys are accepted for
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