THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, Tuesday, JULY 11, 1989,
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The
Hongkong Telegraph.
Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 July 11, 1939
Items
HERE HAVE been some strange T revelations in London recently about conditions in British Colonies.
Express" Is The London "Dally mainly responsible.
It sent a Staff Representative, į Morley Richards, to Newfoundland to And out what was really wrong with that unhappy country.
His documentary revelations were so starting, so shameful, that they shocked England. So much, in fact, thut Parliament' promptly passed u Bill granting Newfoundland £3,000,- 000 per annum.
Now Richards is in Africa, investi- gating conditions in Gambia, Sierra Leone and the Gold Coast. In each of these three Colonies he will, it the recently published book by Leonard Barnes ("Empire or Democracy?") is any authority, see much that will Interest "Daily Express" readers.
It wouldn't be a bad idea if the "Dolly Express" could spare Richards for a trip to Hongkong. as a con- temporary somewhat jocularly sug-i gested the other day. There are several things of interest in this Colony:
ITEM: One person In every hun-
could argue
You for years
Danzig
by PAUL BRETHERTON
about
But with the exception of little thugs like these the city might be right in the heart of Hanover.
Village Becomes A Port
Arthur Kari Oreises, genial and: Evely President of the Danzig, Senate, is one of them. Everyone knows
him, and has known him since the
days when he had a speedboat on. THE port brings ships from the beach at Zoppat, not so long ago, everywhere, and with them and earned his money by taking. come English sailors and Malay Suests on breath-taking "sprints" out stokers, who wander inte ancient over the windy sea. wine shops and try their hand at We will be remembered in many one of the vast variety of fiery parts of the world as the man who "cordials" which are made in many went to Geneva, spoke a few ap- small liquor factories in the city, propriate words to the League of There would be many more ships Nations, thumbed his nose at the
HE statesmen of Europe are States, she sat tight while the Pales from foreign lands, and many more Press gallery, and walked out again.
putting the history profes- and Swedes fought each other around sailors, if it were not for the exist
The other man is Albert Forster, her walls.
ence of Gdynia, the great port which sors in the shade these days.
The year 1807 found Danzig con- Poland has built on her own plece the "Gou" leader of Danzig. young a few miles west of and Impatient, who is not. a. Danziger Battles of centuries ago are rak- quered by Napoleon; from 1814 until of coastline
but an "import" from Southern Ger- many. ed up to prove to the bewildered the Great War she was the capital Danzig.
of German West Prussia, and to-day Hewn out of the sand dunes at a world that territories should the flies the Swastika Flug while a spot where there was
a minute
It is possible, of course, that the [rightly belong to this or that League of Nations Commissioner fishing village only a few years ago, League of Nations "Protector," Dr. nation today, and then even "protects" her and Poland holda Gdynia handles an enormous trade Burckhardt, who is a Swiss, and who ulready, and the Danzig merchants has won praises all round for his older and more ferocious tussles economic and diplomatie sway,
Surely there is enough here to resentfully watch the cargoes pass- tact and patience in holding down a are brought forward to dispute keep the history professors arguing ing through Polish hands instead of most thankless task-Hitler in his them.
recent Reichstag speech referred to for years: but would we be any their own.
Many of them realle, however, hiņi as “a myn of extraordinary taet" Grund old Danzig, now enjoying clearer at the end of it all? her turn as centre-paint of the latest Here is a pucket-paradise of 1,300 that if and when Danzig becomes has some inkling of what the map crisis, is a perfect subject for dis- square miles, n little land of lush part of the Reich there will be no will look like by the end of the year. The Polish Commission here almply putes ilke these. Ask these massive green meadows and wooded hills, trade going through to Poland at all old walls and vallant towers what All the way from Danzig to Zoppot's from Danzig, and Germany has for anys that nothing is going to happen,
and more important ports because nothing must happen. nation they belong to... and I think silver-sand beaches and neat, lively bigger they would shake their turrets and casino, the foxgloves grow as thick than Danzig from which to serve the say, "Don't ask us; work it out for as buttercups In England in the needs of the country.
Meanwhile, the merchants und yourself."
summer time. Way back in 1300, the Kings of Tiny fishing villages and fat farm- everybody else are hoping that some- Bohemia, the Morgraves of Branden- steads spread read the dreaming thing much worse than losing their Lurg, the Kings of Poland, and the city, where Brownshirts tramp about trade will not befall them and their if they know anything. nobles of Pommerellen were fighting the narrow streets and the marching beautiful city. They know that they in fine style for Danzig. Finally, songs of Hiller-children echo from are due to be brought back into the great Artus Hall, a mammoth chum- the famous Order of German Kalghts the painted fronts of the rococo Fatherland sooner or later, and at her where the merchants sat at their drank wine from threw the others out, and, after houses where the wealthy merchants the same time they are sure that the gulld-tables an splendid
And further out still, Poles mean what they suy when they some of the costliest and most in- accomplishments,
once lived. were themselves thrown
tricate gablets in Europe. Or in the out by the around more thus half of the answer "Never!"
They fail to see a solution to this counting houses of the men who grew Danzigers, who apparently had had territory. Polish troops and Polish
guns are hidden in the countryside, problem, which resembles that of rich from selling pepper and salt and enough" of them.
waiting.
the irresistible force meeting the naphtha and bricks, and had their Merchants From England "We have Polish letter-boxes and Immovable object. Something has to little planos decorated by famous
German letter-boxes on the walls; Rive way somewhere, they feel.
painters and their dining tables IN TN 1454 Poland became Pro- Polish postmen and German postmen. Two Who Might Know carved into masterpieces. turies later, when the city had and German school children. And tector of Danzig, and cen- And, of course, Pollsh school children
But I am sure that the ghosts and become the home of merchants from they manage to avoid each other
PERHAUS two men in Danzig the old walls and towers would think have some idea of what is it over and answer, "No; you must England, Holland, and The Baltic with painful politeness.
going to happen.
work out for yourself.""
Russia
·SLA «F OKHOTSK
RUSSIA
| QUFER mo«GOLFÀ
IKNER MONGD1)
CHINA
R
Watches
Pepper And Salt Riches
DEYOND that, perhaps we might ask the old houses
We could ask the ghosts of the
Japan
BY WILLIAM LEWISOHN
Vladivostok But the most important section, commission between the two seems to the the Maritime Province of Russia, countries? The Japanese have Japanese a remains still to be dealt with. pistol presented at the heart of
#
their Empire. MEANWHILE, Eastern Siberia
repeatedly urged this. The boundary question, however, is not quite so simple as it appears.
on the surface.
is becoming steadily more In the first place, the Russians This fear has self-supporting and grows in deny the need for any further obsessed them military strength from day to demarcation of their frontiers, for a long time, day. Vladivostok, for instance, claiming that these have been and they have which in 1931 could have been definitely and conclusively fixed EGULARLY every evolved the grandiose scheme taken without much difficulty, by treaty in the old days be year now, about this of pushing out the frontiers of will now, in the opinion of Soviet tween the former Empires of time, the Russo- the Japanese Empire westwards military men, prove very hard Russia and China. Furthermore,
on the mainland so as to render nut to crack.
to agree to a boundary commis- dred of Hongkong's normal popula- Japanese war scare flares up the home country-safe from all--For-this reason a large group sion between Manchukuoand lon is a Civil Servant. (The total afresh. Frontier incidents possible air attacks.
among the younger officers of Siberia would be tantamount to number of Government employees, excluding those on Loan Works, is assume alarming dimensions The frontier that they evis- the Japanese Army are urgent a de jure recognition of the 10.792. Between them this year they and each time the situation age for this purpose would for an early settlement with State of Manchukuo. will draw $14,430,240 in salaries. But
In the second place, although Yet sweep in a wide curve from the Russia by force of arms, rather the salaries won't be proportionate, for grows a little tenser. 437 of the 10.792 civil servants will these border disputes are Sea of Okhotsk in the cast than allow her further time to the greater length of frontier runs between Manchukuo and whip off the cream: they will draw merely the symptoms of the No point on this are would then
to the Gulf of Chihli in the west. prepare.
This atmosphere of fear and Siberia, there remains a con- arum cach), leaving only $8,782,888 disease, not the disease it- be less than 1,200 miles by air suspicion on both sides is what siderable section on the west to be distributed among the remain self.
from the industrial centres of makes the frontier incidents, so which adjoins Outer Mongolia.
With the seizure of very serious.
Now as Manchukuo' and Outer Geographically, Japan is in Japan.
It will be asked: Why cannot Mongolia both formed part of ITEM: In addition: 368 Civil Ser- an almost impregnable position Manchuria, Jehol and Chahar, vica Pensioners, 300 Police Fen- against attacks by most of the two-thirds of this desired from the frontiers be clearly delimit the Chinese Empire there is no sionera and 348 Widows and other Great Powers. There re. tier have already been obtained. ed for once and all by a boundary treaty or document of any kind Orphans a total of 1,136 pensions, or mains, however, one weak spot one person in every thousand of our
$5,647,381, (an average of $13,000 per
Ing 10,355. Civil Service salaries,
this year will represent 35 per cent.
of the Colony's total revenue,
normal population will draw $3,100,-in her armour: the Maritime
000
In pensions. Their pensions Province of Soviet Russia on the i runge from $12 to $22,400 per annum | mainland, just across the Sea of each-several pensioners draw over Japan,
£1,000 a year. Pensions absorb un- other 7.5 per cent. of our totul revenue.
* * *
FTEM: Transport of the select few ONLY 600 miles by air from
Government servants who proceed
Home an leave every four years will absorb another $829,183 this year. For those who remain in the Colony,
our total revenue.
their great industrial cities,
ITEM: Malnutrition and other nitributes of poverty will be prl- marily responsible for the fact that one quarter of the children born in Hongkong this year will never celebrate birthday. n
Of all, the British Colonies, only in Kenya and Malta is infant mortality higher than in Hongkong.
Government will donate Rent Allow- | et private Srms. Typical rates of pay for a ten-hour day vary from wa ances totalling $330,000.
ITEM: We will spend $8,174,060 | low as ten cents day, or Three on Defence this year-another twenty dollars a month. per cent. of our total revenue, But we will be uble to and only $2,318, 985 (of which the greater part will Nathan Road.
Ko to a few
highly paid English Phone. 59245.
teachers) to educate
our children. sema mm | Almost all the African colonies will devote a greater percentage of their revenues to Education. Even the despised Gold Coast will spend the equivalent of $4,000,000—or seven per cent. of its total revenue on educat- ITEM: Hongkong will suffer from ing its African children this year. Perpetual shortage of accommodation We will spend only 64 per cent, of for prisoners because so many people prefer prison life to freedom. They have discovered that living conditions ITEM: The average monthly. In- income of each of the top 437 Civil in prison are infinitely betler than Servants in Hongkong is $1,100. But those prevailing outside, to such an the average monthly income of extent, in fact, that recidivism has, familles receiving assistance from the become an acute problem.
will ITEM: Tuberculosis
cluin Society for the Protection of Children will be $1.57, or five cents a day. In one in every ten people who die in Most of them the Eastern Centre the average in- Hongkong in 1930. come per month will be only 80 will die because they have had no cents, less than three cents a day. chance to breathe pure air in their
tenements. In For seven years the corning power overcrowded of prople dealt with by this Society parts of longkong more humanity is has steadily declined until, even in u said to be crammed in each were than Govemment Report. It is now any part of the world. The over- described na "alarming."
crowded conditions under which the ITEM: Government will continue' poorest and most under-nourished to pay its coolles commencing members of the community live will salary of $13 a month. They will be continue to provide ideal coll for the lucky compared with some employees propagation of this disease.
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GRIN AND BEAR IT
By Lichty
"That's the last time you talk me into eating spinach-
all it did was make me over-confident!"
delimiting the frontier between the two.
ד
ON the other hand, the Rus-
sians, following the example of Japan vis-a-vis Manchukuo, insist that Outer Mongolia is an entirely free and independent Socialist Republic, bound to the U.S.S.B. merely by bonds of friendship, and that therefore the delimitation of that portion of the frontier is no concern of Russia.
R
THE question that everybody
has been asking: Will Russia. assist the Mongols to resist 7 was answered by Stalin, the Soviet leader, when he declared in a momentous interview: "If Japan ventures to attack. the Mongolian People's Republic and seeks to destroy its indepen- dence, we shall have to help that Republic."
The seizure of Outer Mongo- lia by Japan would dangerously wenken Russia's defence of her possessions in the Farthest East. As a glance at the map will show, Outer Mongolin lies along the flank of the Siberian Railway and would, In Japanese hands, constitute a serious threat to communicatioris between Russia: and Eastern Siberia,
PLEASE Turn To Pago 4.