THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, MARCH 16, 1939.-
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GERMANY
POLAN
WARSAW
RUSSIA
CHUST
| CZECHO-SLOVAKIA
HUNGARY
JUGO SLAVIA
RUMANIA
Moutrie Pianos
ARE MADE WITH THE FINEST MATERIALS UNDER
EXPERT BRITISH SUPERVISION
DEATH
SOUZA-At the St. Paul's Hospital, early this morning, Genoveva Isabel de Xaxler e Souza, at the age of 53 years, the Funeral will pass the Monument at 0.30 p.m. 10-day.
The
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Map Makers
THE FULL RESULTS of what happened at Munich are now
pressed at the
Village all Europe
is
watching
NTIL a few months
A complete militery and political organisation was built up. Officers and men were given ur forma.. These resemble the German storm- in troop uniforms, but are grey-blue colour instead of brown. The Ukrainian stormtroops
are
called
Siczy Guards (Sharp-Slott
For yenra Zielinski has
his work, building up thin organisa- tion. At first he worked in secret. because Germany and Poland were supposed to be on good terms with One another.
Опе
Now he has come out in the open with his men. They were put to off!-- cial
use for the first time after the Munich agreement: in Carpatho- Ukraine Slezy Guards do police duty to-day
10
News Now you see why Hitler insisted on th
autonomous Ukrainian Stato.. Chust was to be the spring-board of future Ukrainian developments. Zielinski moved his Central Com- and Schwartzbard died. In Cape Town mittee Chust. Supported But then came the defeat of Ger-
financed from Germany, he was the 'many and Austria in the Great War. last March.
chosen to lend the pan- skoropadski make a That an man Entente Powers. The new Hetman Ukraine came to an end long before. He takes his order from Hitler-
There was no reat desire for inde- And Hitler,
his old practice, following Now it is Europe's newest was Petijura the Terrible.
appointed a Commissioner for the Petljura started off in a big way. pendence among the Ukrainians.
The Soviets were able to recon- Ukraine with headquarters in Berlin. In a proclamation he announced the manifest. They confirm fears ex- capital, and its handful of
province of He is Nikola Suschko, a former officer broken-down victorias-union of the Russian Ukraine with quer the old Russian time. Czecho-
the "Western Ukrainians" who had Ukraine. The peace treaties gave in Petljura's army. there are no such things as been part of the Austrian Empire. Western Ukraine to the new Follsh What Is the point of the 'Berlin Bessarabin and Bukovina Burcau? and of the Central Com- taxis-are working over- His proclamation included in the new State. time carrying all sorts of Ukrainian Stale part of Gallia, went to Rumania; and Carpatho- mittes in Chust? What does Hiller
Bukovina, Bessarabia and Carpatho- Russia, formerly a part of Hungary, want them to do?
Terrorist bands were organised and went to Czecho-Slovakia.
So five countries got their share of armed. These bands are Russia.
Petijura's Ukrainian dream State: Polish and Russian territory. Russia, Poland, Czecho-Slovakia, Nu- Already several battles have taken place. The fings carried by the bands manta and Hungary.
Everything might have settled are blue and gold, like the ones that
office. down if the Ukraine had not become fly above Zielinski's
Emissaries of Zielinski stir up one of the chief objects of Hitler's expansionist plans.
trouble in the Ukrainian parts of
the Hitler backs the idea of an inde Poland goading on Liter, Petlium paid for his crimes.
people to Long after his dreams of a Great pendent Ukrainian State, because in demand autonomy for the Polish Ukraine had evaporated into the air, that way he would deprive Russia of Ukraine.
Polish authorities are fighting. he lived in Paris, an exlie, There, her richest territory, and divide up
and subjugated Czecho the
Uago Chust was just a Shops and had to genes way for Talk was how Peilura came to un future ed from Germ
Slovakia is now what Hiller act out to make it--part of the Greater Reich.
The unfortunate Republic, born of the Great War, may be likened to a human corpse. The arma were amputated in September, the head is now severed and becomes a German trophy; Hungary takes the Ruthenian legs. There re- mains but the torso of Slovakia, which becomes, in all but name, a vassal State of Germany. __In_accepting the "advice" of Great Britain and France in September last, Czecho-Slovakia
thera sealed her fate. True, would have been war-a war on a terrifying scale into which the whole of Europe would have been dragged-but Czecho-Slovakia, in the light of subsequent events, could hardly have been the loser. Like Belgium in 1914 she would have paid dearly in the blood of her patriots, but she would have gained honour and freedom for her children. Out of Belgium's sorrow and torment of the four years of Great War emerged a country free and unshackled, honoured by the democracies of the world for the part she played in defending Right against Might and, indeed, defended by those democracies for her steadfast resolution to uphold her Integrity. The events of the past six months have been planned and consummated by Germany with almost diabolical ense. There is no doubt but that war would have come to Europe had Herr Hitler attempted to fulfil his territorial ambitions in Czecho-Slovakia in one fell swoop. There was firstly the Godesburg Agreement, an- nounced as the extreme limit of concession to which Mr. Chamber- lain and M. Daladier' wore pre- pared to accede, Czecho-Slovakia was told to accept these demands or forfelt the support and friend- ship of hor guarantors. But Godesborg жда followed by Munich, which exceeded Hitler's original demands. Mr. Chamber- lain and M. Daladior acquiesced in tho extro grab. Yesterday's events wore a natural sequel predicted to the very date by
newspaper "correspondents who, only two days ago, were chided by Lord Halifax for sprending "sensational and inaccurate fore- casts of events about to take place in Europe." She
You cannot road the news about Czocho-Slovakia without feeling that dirty tasto in your mouth.
imposing personages through the muddy streets.
The streets are so muddy that on rainy days cabs and carts often get stuck altogether, and people walking find themselves onkle-deep in the mud! Most of the days seem rainy,
There are only two inna in the village. They are full to over-flow- ing.
"The Government building is just old urban district council offices. the It has three storeys and is the highest building in the village. It is even built
The memory of Pelliura's rule is still horrible in the Ukraine.
As a persecutor of the Jews he dwarted Hitler and Julius Streicher. As the head of his Cossacks he har- assed the Jewish villages of the Ukraine, urging his troops to ever greater excesses.
in 1926, he was seen in the street, Poland
there were still
ralding
Torists, but the story of Austria
-and-
Sudetenland, and later
that
slot and killed by n Polish-Jewish-Slovakia. poet named Shalom Schwartzbard. He is using old and approved Nazi Czech and Slovakia, shows how of atone,
Schwartzbard was a remarkable methods to achieve this end. He dimcult it is to stamp out such move- Of the newcomers to the village, fellow. Originally a watchmaker, he found
F few ments. The Siczy Guards stick to the two stand out. They are the Con- left his native town of Smolensk in Ukrainians dreaming of their own tactics used by the illegal stormtroops suis-general of Germany and Italy Poland as a young man and went to State. It was not difficult to organise in all the countries where Hitler has sent there when, after Munich, Chust France. He fought in the French them into an efficient body,
planted them. became the capital of the new auto- Army during the War.
But Hungary remembered province
Carpatho- of Ukraine. You used to know it as went to join the Bolshevik armies in Ruthenia.
Russia.
An office was created, this time in once part of Hungary. That is why Hungarian troops are now marching Other people followed these two
horror of Petijura's Danzig, called the "Central Commit- across the country. And Hungarians There the to Chust. A connoisseur of Euro- pogroms ate into his heart. When tee for the Establishment of an I know how to conduct underground pean underground politics would he was put on trial in Paris for dependent Ukraine." A former have recognised them easily. They murdering the oppressor he explain Ukrainian Tsarist general, Zielinski, fighting just as well as the Germans.. were all experts in espionage, civil ed simply to the jury: "Twelve of my is in charge of this office.
War Of The Brigands
nomous
and But in 1917 he left France Hitler's Real Object what is now Carpatho-Ukraine was
war, gang warfare, intrigue and near blood-relatives were killed by From the Danzig headquarters the bribery.
this man's orders."
Central Committee began to stir up Schwartzbard was acquitted, and Ukrainian Nationellat feeling in Fo- The 20,000 inhabitants of Chust
denounced AIL France land. Ukrainian stormtroops were slowly woke up to their new im- Petljura portance. To begin with, they got a said, "Not the murderer but the vic- formed on the lines of the old illegal
Austrian S.A. villagers tim was gulity." new aerodrome and the looked with surprise at the big shiny German Junker planes that began to cruise overhead.
What mode Hitler inclst on refusing to divide Carpatho-Ukraine, with its little capital at Chust, be tween Ilungary and Poland? Why Is Chust so full of ambassadors and secret agents?
Anti-Russia Moves
The answer to these questions takes us back to the days when the Tear ruled in Russia and when-deep underground-men were fighting for the independence of the Ukraine.
The Tsar would have none of such men. He sent the leaders off to pri son-camps in Siberia when he caught them. Those who escaped him fled abroad,
of und settled in fringes Ukrainian territory which.belonged to the Austrian Empire.
There they set up a "Ukrainian In- formation Office and carried anti-Russian activities,
on
When the Tsar collapsed and the Bolsheviks came to power, these Ukrainian "eparatista" thought that their moment had come.
They formed an "Association for the Liberation of the Ukraine and the Destruction of Russia,
a." moved Into Russo-Ukrainian territory, elect- ed a Central Committee in Klev and proclaimed the independence of the Ukraino.
Petljura The Terrible
They had the support of many re- actionary, anti-Bolshevik elements.
Naturally the Soviets did not want. to lose the rich wheatfields of the Ukraine. They fought back, but were repulsed by, invading. German and Austrian troops, who prolected ported the firstTetman (leader); the "Independent Ukraine and sup- Skorojadski, a Cossack general.
GRIN AND BEAR IT
EBRUARY SADE
ISTS, EVENING
By Lichty
(5) Kutać Pretry Sypáliate, Sou
The first dress I try in you like and want me to buy-Wetų
You certainly don't know much about shopping, "Wilbur!"
There is close friendship between ungary and Germany just now. So the fight was waged out of sight ille- gally,
both parties supporting and inancing their brigands and agents on the quiet.
Hungary has had her agents 12) Carpatho-Ukraine for some time. Some years ago I met one of the most
in distinguished Czech journalist Vienna. He was introduced to me DB the Editor of a Ruthenian poper,
Rusinla Pravda,"
He came to Vienna frequently, and later I learned that he was the prin- elpal fighter for Ukrainian Independ- ence, highly esteemed by his fellow Ukrainians scattered in various
countries.
He had done much to strengthen Ukrainian feeling in Czecho-Slovakia, in Poland and in Russia. "If the dream of an independent Ukrainian- State had come true, he would have been its first Premier, His name was. Alexandre Brody.
I met him again later, and one day walked with him through the streets of Vienna, accompanying him to the Bankgasse. Suddenly ho sold good- bye and went on alone. I saw him enter the building of the Hungarian Legation.
Not until recently, I must confess. did I realise that Brody's Hungarian relations had a deep Importance,
After the Munich agreement, when Ruthenia was declared on autono- mous Slate within the new Czecho- Slovakia, the first Premier of the "Carpatho-Ukrame was-Alexander
Brody.
Brody went to Prague to confer with the Czech Premier, Syrovy, He made surprising demands: a plebiscite must be held in Carpatho-Ukraine, zb that the population could decide its own fate. There was no doubt that such
plebiscite would result in a voto--not for Czechb-Slovakia, but, for Hungary:
Syrovy jumped to his feet angrily.. Brody, he shouted, was a traitor to the new Czecho-Slovakin!" "Get out. (Continued on Page 11.)
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