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GERMANY
WARSAW
OLAND
| CZECHO-SLOVAKIA
HUNGARY
JUGO SLAVIA
RUMANIA
RUSSIA
CHUST
Moutrie Pianos
ARE MADE WITH THE FINEST MATERIALS UNDER
EXPERT BRITISH SUPERVISION
DEATH
SOUZA-At the St. Paul's Hospital, early this morning, Genoveva Isabel de Xoxler Souza, at the age of 53 years, the Funeral will pass the Monument at 5.30 p.m. to-day.
The
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March 16, 1939
Map Makers
THE
FULL RESULTS of what happened at Munich are now manifest. They confirm feurs ex- time. Czecho- pressed at the Slovakia is now what Hitler set aut to make it--part of the Greater Reich.
The unfortunate Republic, born of the Great War, may be likened
in
there
趋
to a human corpse. The arms were amputated in September, the head is now severed and becomes a German trophy; Hungary takes the Ruthenian legs. There re- mains but the torso of Slovakia, which becomes, in all but names a vassal State of Germany.
Inaccepting the "advice"__of_ Great Britain and France September last, Czecho-Slovakia sonled her fate. Truc, would have been war--a war on n terrifying scale into which the whole of Europe would have been dragged--but Czecho-Slovakin, in the light of subsequent events, could hardly have been the loser. Like Belgium in 1914 she would have paid dearly in the blood of her patriote, but she would have gained honour and freedom for her children. Out of Belgium's sorrow and torment of the four years of Great War emerged country free and unshackled, honoured by the democracies of the world for the part she played in defending Right against Might and, indeed, defended by those democracies for her steadfast resolution to uphold her integrity. The events of the past six months have been planned und consummated by Germany with almost diabolical ́ease. There is no doubt but that war would have cone to Europe had Herr Hitler attempted to fulfil his territorial ambitions in Czecho-Slovakia in one fell swoop. There was firstly. the Godesburg Agreement, an- nounced as the extreme limit of concession to which Mr. Chamber- lain and M. Daladier wore pre- pared to accede. Czecho-Slovakin was told to accept these demanda or forfeit the support and friend- ship of her guarantors. But Godesberg WAB
followed by
Munich, which exceeded Hitler's original demands. Mr. Chamber- Jain and M. Daladier acquiesced in Yesterday's the extra grab. events were natural sequel prodicted to the very date by newspaper correspondents who, only two days ago, were chided by Lord Halifax- for apreading "sensational and inaccurate fore- casts of events about to take place In Europe."
You cannot read the news about Czecho-Slovakia, without fooling that dirty taste in your mouth."
U
Village all Europe
is watching
But then came the defeat of Ger-
many and Austria in the Great War. last March.
Skoropadski had to make way for a
In
A complete military and political organisation was built up. Oficers and men were given" uniforms. These resemble the German storm- troop uniforma, but are grey-blue in colour instead
brown. The of Ukrainian stormtroops are called Siczy Guards (Sharp-shooters).
For years Zielinski has carried on his work, building up this organisa- tion. At first he worked in secret, because Germany and Poland were supposed to be on good terms with one another.
Now he has come out in the open with his men. They were put to off- cial use for the first time after the Munich agreement: In Carpatho- Ukraine Siczy Guards do polico.duty to-day.
Now you see why Hitler Inalsted on an autonomous Uieminian State.. Chust was to be the spring-board of future Ukrainian developments... Zielinski moved his Central Com- Schwartzbard died in Cape Town mittee to Chust. Supported and financed from Germany, he was the few months NTIL
to lead the chosen
pan- That was how Petljura came to an man
movement. ago Chust was just a
He takes his order from Hitler. mountain village. new Helman more friendly with the end. But his idea of an independent Ukrainian
Entente Powers. The new Hetman Ukraine came to an end long before,
There was no rent desire for inde- And Hitler, following his old practter, appointed a Commissioner for the Now it is Europe's newest way Felljura the Terrible.
Petljura started off in a big way. pendence among the Ukrainians.
The Soviets were able to recon- kraine with headquarters in Berlin. a proclamation he announced the capital, and its handful of
treaties gave in Pelljurti's army, broken-down victorias union of the Russian Ukraine, with quer the old Russian province of He is Nikola Suschko, a former oficer What is the point of the Berlin been part of the Austrian Empire. Western Ultraine to the new Polish the "Western Ukrainians" who hat Ukraine. The peace
Bessarabia and Bukovina Bureau? and of the Central Com- His proclamation included in the new State. Ukrainian State part of Gallia, went to Rumania; and Carpatho- mittee in Chust? What does Hitler Bukovina, Bessarabia and Carpathy- Russia, formerly a part of Hungary, want them to do?
Terrorist bands were organised and went to Czecho-Slovakia.
are ralding Russia.
So five countries got their share of armed. These bands The memory of Peiljura's rule is
Petijura's Ukrainian dream State: Pollsh and Russian territory. still horrible in the Ukraine.
Already several battles have taken Russia, Poland, Czecho-Slovakin, Ru-
place. The flags carried by the bands have Everything might
settled are blue and gold, like the ones that inania and Hungary. down if the Ukraine had not beeome fly above Zielinski's office.
"Emissaries, of Zielinsk! stir one of the chief objects of Hitler's
trouble In the Ukrainian parts of expansionist plans.
the people to Hitler backs the idea of an inde- Poland goading on Later, Petljum pald for his crimes.
the Pollsi Long after his dreams of a Great pendent Ukrainian State, because in demand autonomy for
The Polish authorities are fighting Ukraine had evaporated into the air, that way he would deprive Russia of Ukraine. he ilved in Paris, on exile. There, her richest territory, and divide up
and subjugated Czecho- the terrorists, but the story of Austria.. und the Sudetenland, and inter in 1926, he was seen in the street, Poland -shot-und-killed-by-a Polish-Jewish Slovakia,
port named Sholom Schwartzbard.
there are no such things as taxis-are working over- time carrying all sorts of imposing personages' through the muddy streets.
The streets are so muddy that on rainy days cabs and carts often get stuck allogether, and people walking find themselves ankle-deep in the mud! Most of the days seem rainy.
There are only two inns in the village. They are fuil to over-Low- Ing.
The Government building is Just the old urban district council offices. It has three storeys and is the highest building in the village. It is even built of stone.
As a persecutor of the Jews, he dwarfed Hitler and Julius Streicher. As the head of his Cossacks he har- the assed the Jewish villages of Ukraine, urging his troups to ever greater excesses.
Up
He is using old and approved"Nazi Czesho and Slovakin, shows-110w uchleve this end. He difcuit it is to stamp out such move- there were still & few ments. The Siczy Guards stick to the of their own used the illegal stormtroops
Schwartzbard was a remarkable methods to Of the newcomers to the village, fellow. Originally a watchmaker, he found two stand out. They are the Con- left his native town of Smolensk In Ukrainians dreaming suls-general of Germany and Italy, one young mort and went to State, it was not difficult to organise in all the countries where Hitler ans sent there when, after Munich, Chust France. He fought in the French them into an efficient, body. became the capital of the new auto- Army during the War.
nomous
province of Carpatho- But in 1917 he left France and Ukraine. You used to know it as went to join the Bolshevik armies in Ruthenia.
Russia.
There
planted them.
War Of The Brigands
But Hungary remembered that Hitler's Real Object what is now Carpatho-Ukraine was once part of Hungary. That is why An office was created, this time in Hungarian troops are now marching the honor of Petljura's Danzig, called the "Central Commit- across the country. And Hungarians Other people followed these two
of Euro- pogroms ate into his heart. When tee for the Establishment of an In- know how to conduct underground to Chust. A connoisseur
Ukraine." A former pean underground politics would he was put on trial in Parls for dependent have recognised them easily. They murdering the oppressor he explain- Urainian Tsarist gesteel, Zielinski, ghing just as well as the Germans. were all experts in espionage, civil ed simply to the jury: "Twelve of my is in charge of this oflice,
From the Danzig headquarters the war, gung warfare, Intrigue and near blood-relatives were killed by
Central Committee began to stir up this man's orders"
There is close friendship between bribery.
Schwartzbard was acquitted, and Ukrainian Nationalist feeling in Po- Hungary and Germany just now. So The 20,000 inhabitants of Chust
denounced. All France land. Ukrainian stormtroops slowly woke up to their new Im- Petljura portance. To begin with, they got a said, "Not the murderer but the vic- formed on the lines of the old illegal
Austrian S.A. aerodrome and the villagers tim was guilty." looked with surprise at the big shiny German Junker pianes that began to cruise overhead.
new
Hitler
an
GRIN AND BEAR IT
What
made
instat refusing to divkle Carpatho-Ukraine, with its little capital at Chust, be tween Hungary and Poland? Why is Chust so full of ambassadors and secret agents?
Anti-Russia Moves
The answer to these questions luces us back to the days when the Tsar ruled in Russla and when-deep underground-men were Dghting for the Independence of the Ukraine.
The Tsar would have none of such men. He sent the lenders off to pri- son-camps in Siberia when he caught them. Those who escaped him fed abroad, and settied in fringes of Ukrainian territory which belonged to the Austrian Empire.
There they got up o "Ukrainian In- formation Omer and carried on anti-Russion activiiles.
When the Tear collapsed and the Bolsheviks came to power, these Ukrainian "separatlats" thought that thefr.moment had come,
They formed an "Association for the Liberation of the Ukraine and moved the Destruction of Hussin, into Russo-Ukrainian terrliory, elect- ed n Central Committee in Kiev and proclaimed ilio Independence of the Ukraine.
Petljura The Terrible
They had the support of many re- actionary, anti-Bolshevik elements.
Naturally the Soviets did not want to lose the rich wheatacids of the Ukraine. They fought back, but were repulsed by invading. German and Austrian troops, who protected the independent Ukraine and sup ported the first. He'man' (leader), Skoropadski, a Cossack general.
FEBR PRATS, EVEN
were
gally, both parties supporting and ie fight was waged out of sight ille- financing their brigands and agents on the quiet.
Hungary has had her agents in Carpatho-Ukraine for some time. distinguished Czech Journalist Vienna. He was introduced to me as the Editor of a Ruthenian paper, "Ruskala Pravda."--
By Lichty Some years ago I met one of the most
"The first dreas I try on you like and want me to buy-Well! You certainly don't know much about shopping, Wilbur?"
in
He came to Vienna frequently, and later I learned that he was the prin- cipal fighter for Ukrainion Independ- ence, highly esteemed by his fellow Ukruinlans scattered in verlous countrics.
He had done much to strengthen Ukrainian feeling in Czecho-Slovakia. in Poland and in Russla. If the dream of an independent Ukrainian State had come true, he would have been its Arst Premier. His name was Alexandre Brody,
I met him again later, and one day walked with him through the streets of Vienna, necompanying him to the. Bankgasse. Suddenly he said good- bye and went on alone. I saw him. enter the bullding of the Hungarları Legation.
Nat until recently, I must confess, did I realise that Brody's Hungarian relations had a deep'importance. «
After the Munich agreement, when · Ruthenis was declared an autono- mous State within the new Czecho- Slovakio, the first Premier of this "Carpatho-Ukraine was-Alexander. Brody.
Brody, went to Prague to confer. with the Czech Premier, Syrovy, He made surprising demands; plebiscite must be held in Carpatho-Ukraine, sa that the population could decide its. own fate, There was no doubt that such a plebiscite would result in e votetet for Czecho-Slovakia,, but for Hungary, D
Syrovy Jumped to his foot angrily. Brody, Kenhouted, war a tenitor lo the new Czecho-Slovakia: "Get out (Continued on Puge 11).