THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 80, 1998.
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The
Hongkong Telegraph.
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1938.
Sanctuary at Sea
WITH THE JAPANESE reach-
ing to the very shores of British waters in Deep Bay, and the occupation of the foreshore of Mira Bay an imminent possi- bility, an intriguing position arises.
Under the Convention for the Extension of Hongkong, signed at Peiping forty years ago last June, the territory of Hongkong was extended by lease for & period of ninety-nine years, to include the waters of Deep Bay and Mirs Bay and what wo somewhat erroneously call the New Territories.
war
The possibilities are almost comical in their ramification, For instance, it is perfectly justifiable for Japan in a with China to occupy the whole of the foreshore of Mirs Bay and Deep Bay outside British land limits at Shataukok in the east and Shami in the west, but if a Japanese soldier so much as washes his aching feet in the waters of either bay he violates British territory.
1
Again, sampan crews can an- chor with perfect impunity (or with 25 much impunity as British territory affords) within a few feet of the shores, upon which their less lucky landbound countrymen and women are at the mercy of the invaders. A Future Danger THERE IS
in-
ANOTHER teresting point raised by the Extension of Hongkong Convention. It reads:
*49
SAND BAGS
"A GOOD JOB IT DIDN'T RAIN, MARY!”
New Departure
NLY ono conclusion omerges from the scramble for solutions of the present desper- ate altuation in the history of Europe. A new departure is wanted.
The order of the Versallics peace settlement has been scrapped. Frontiers, guaranteca, the known structure, and even the minimum decencies of international society have gone by the board.
Regrets and recriminations are a waste of breath. The peace trentica no longer exist even as letters of the law. Law itself has been wiped out.
The new order is based on can- ceptions which matured during the world war. They were behind the treaties which the Central Powers forced on a defeated Rumania at Bucarest and on a defeated Russia at Brest Litovsk. Not oven the pre- tence of self-determination was observed.
It is worth remembering that those ideas were on the losing side in the war itself, Something or other besides brute force was operating on the winning 'sido to make for the decisive victory which the world now has cause to regret. It is no consolation to imagine that this additional factor was democ- racy, becauso democracy is now on the losing sido.
But it may prove fruitful to re- call that a further factor was in operation which is particularly sympathetic to the Labour Move- ment.
It was the organising ability of free mon. The Central Powers had nothing to compare with the wartime economic organisation of the Allies. They were behindhand in national organisation for the satisfaction of the needs of the civil population.
BY DR. BJARNE BRAATOY
Lecturer at the Nobel Peace Institute, Oslo, in 1937, a Scandinavian writer on International Affairs who lives in London,
national organisation for that pur- pose, whereas on the Allies' side sovereign nations proved able, for the one and only time in world his- tory.
got together on a voluntary basis and creato joint organisa- tions for the administration of transport and the supply of raw materials, foodstuffs, and other necessities.
These truly international agen- cles were so successful that the idea arose of carrying them on for peace purposes as well. The idea was first adopted by the French. The British were gradually won oyer.
Very nearly to the day, twenty years ago on October 21, 1010—a detailed plan for the continuation of tho inter- allied economic organisations was submitted to the War Cabinet.
It provided for the adherence of the then enemy nations and of the neutrals. The intention was that it should supersede the machinery of the blockade as soon as possible after the Armistice.
It needs but little imagination to realise the potentialities of this plan. What misery and humiliation could have been spared the do- feated nations, what possibilities of co-operation ensured for all
nations.
The plan was, indeed, as its authors themselves said, "the in- evitable corollary of the whole idea of a League of Nations."
Before the plan could pass be- yond the drafting stage, the up- proval of the United States They never achloved an inter- Government was necessary. Finan-
Dance Ban
On Students
dents' dance which was to have taken
All the arrangements for the dance! wee made by Mr. A. Soars, one of the masters, with the permission of the headmaster, Mr. S. Dalby.
"Vo are all myslided by the ban," a ciri student said, and all sorts of scandal is going round about it.
Governers of Pitman's College, The arca leased to Great Wimbledon, have cancelled n stu- Britain as shown
on the an-place at Wimbledon Town Hall re nexed map includes the waters cently. of Mirs Bay and Deep Bay, but it is agreed that Chinese vessels of war, whether neutral Or otherwise, shall retain the right to use these waters."
Looking nt the question
"We are all terribly disappointed.” hypothetically, what steps could Mr. 1. J. Pitman, managing director of Pitman's Ltd., and a governor of Hongkong take to prevent the the college. said the mistake was the Chinese doing what the Japan-headmaster's. ese did in Shanghai neutral ter- not know it is a rule to leave the He was new to the college and did ritory, in which they were co-social side of the students' lives to partners?
themselves and their parents.
legal terminology we leave to someone with more spare time than ourselves to discover,
Although Hongkong must --and rightly 80-intern all Chinese soldiers who set foot on Hongkong soil, the 1898 Con- vention would appear to be so There is no likelihood that the phrased that similar action hypothesis will become an actu- could not be taken against ality in the present conflict Chinese forces operating on between China and Japan, but it vessela of war. What consti- is a dangerous possibility for tutes a vossel of war in strict the future.
clally Washington held the whip hand.
It proved dimcult to get a reply to the Franco-British proposals, but on November E-three days be- fore the Armistico-a dispatch was announced from Washington which bluntly rejected the plan:
"After peaco over one-half of the whole export food supplies of the world will come from the United States, and for the buyers of these supplies to sit in majority in dictation to us as to prices and distribution, is wholly inconceiv- able,"
The business mind of the author of that dispatch, Mr. Horbert Hoover, was expressing the desire of the business community for turn to "normalcy."
there was still time. A military nillance, however complete, is in any case an outworn instrument in these days of totalitarian war un- less the inevitable corollary of co-operation is fully organised.
Meanwhile the "enemy powers are putting into operation their own ideas on International economic co-opera- tlun. Backed by overwhelming mü). tary power, they are subjugating the conomic life of central and enstern Europe and making serious inroads elsewhere.
This economic offensive constitutes an inescapable challenge. Unicea the democratic nations of the world provE capable of organising their economie relations as they did in the world war, they deserve everything that is com- ing to them.
National unity, rearmament, and all the love for freedom which they can,
muster, will be of no avail.
They will go down to tho final do ̈ ̈ feat, whether this defeat la measured ́ in military terms or not.
The idea of "international confer- ences" does not moet the chen. RC-
IIIU-
The only constructive Iden which emerged from the horror of the world war was thus killed at birth. The wartime solidarity was de- nounced before the war itself had ended and the peace settlement was fatally marred before even the negotiators had been appointed,
In consequence, the Inevitable coral- lary of the League of Nations was never seriously considered. *The League has not got to-day, and never had, more than the most meagre bo ginnings of economic organisation, and the real reason for its fullure is there for everybody to see.
That is the real rosson also for the failure of League "sanctions" Belld arity in face of an aggressor impiles solidarity between the Banetionist Power. But how is that solidarity possible when oven for the mild form of economic sanctions the machinery is not in existence?
It was not even created between the members of that comman front which might have saved Czechoslovakia while
GRIN AND BEAR IT
By Lichty
1-5
“Stuff and nonsense! What good a woodcraft gonna do him.
when he grows up
alons as to possible participation by tho totalitarian powers may be dis- missed out of hand. The democratic nations must first have something to show for themselves.
For that purpose international con- ferences are not even of primary ha- portance. For the Labour Movement at least the watchword must be organ- isation.
The means are there. They need only be developed. The cost of one battleship. in added contributions to the economic and financial sections of the League of Nations, would make it junt possible for that organisation finally to be of some vital use in the world.
It could secure and make avaliable Information on production and needs throughout the democratic world on a sonic which has hitherto hardly been attempted. It could centralise that inancial control which has eluded the grasp of the Bank of International Settlements at Basel, and which the monetary understanding between Britain, France and the United States only skirta
It could be the beginnings of an International investment board, which would prevent overlapping in the de- velopment of the world's resources and undermine the economie barriers bo- tween the nations.
Distressed arens in the international sease would immediately come under It searchlight, and the horror, of abundance in one corner of the anrth while starvation reigns in another would be avoided by the guidance of supplies from one to the other.
*
☆
The economic conferences of the future would be able to full) a real function, because a substantisi basis will have been provided for their do Iberations Finally, the common front necessary to meet aggressor nations would have its wherewithal. mutunl solidarity between the members of that front.
Throughout the post-war years the International Labour Movement haä repeatedly made suggestions in this direction. Before the world economic crisis the suggestions were largely vitiated by the remnants of free trade philosophy in the Movement itself and by the lack of economic and financia) authority for national Governments,
Since the world economic crisis the latter weakness has been repaired.
The Labour Movement of Britain has developed these ideas, particularly in the programme. Por Socialism and Peace." adopted by the Southport con- ference in 1934 and in the statement on "International Policy and Defence," adopted by the Bournemouth conter- ence in 1937
But they still remain statements of Dational sims. The next step must be to develop these ideas within the framework of the Internationa) Labour Movement.
Without such a new departure Denjo cratic Socialism is at an end.
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