THE HONGKONG Telegraphi, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1938.
A WHISKY!
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AT
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A drink with
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and TANG.
Ryeros
#Ly
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Here are the Facts to-day about
THE FORMER GERMAN
DOWN COLONIES
VAUXHALL engines get 20%
more power out of every drop
of petrol used. That is why recent R.A.C.official trials over zooo miles of public roads, produced theo extraordinary results :-
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Compare these figures with those obtain able on care of similar power. And then compare general performance. We will provide an adequate trial ea do Roy Vauxhall model and prove its petrol
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The
Hongkong Telegraph.
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1938.
Our Weak Earth
The former German colonics are ruled under It is an order What is a mandate? mandate. from the League of Nations entrusting a State with the governance of another people-in other words, the post-war alternative to the outright annexation of colonies.
The award of the mandates was decided after the war by the Supreme Council of the Allies, and the Mandatory Powers-that is those administering the territories have to render an account of their stewardship to the Permanent Mandates Com- mission of the League.
The Mandatory Power is a trustee rather than a proprietor. Its authority-exercised on behalf of the League-is conferred solely with a view to securing the well-being of the inhabitants of the territory concerned.
The inhabitants of a mandated territory do not automatically become subjects of the country hold- ing the mandate. They are given diplomatic pro- tection abroad and may become naturalised sub- jects. Otherwise they are simply persons protected under mandate.
FRENCH WEST AFRICA
Chad
NIGERIA
TOGULAND
ATAN
CAMEROONS
Mandates British. Union of S.Africa french...
Khartum
ANGLO- EGYPTIAN SUDAN
ABYSSINIA
(ITALIAN)
BELGIAN
CONCO
PIANDA BURANDI
KENYA 'COLON
Tanganyi
·Benguella
SOUTH WESTİ
AFRICA
TANGANYIKA TERRITORY
Bolgian.......
Territory aded to Germany 1911. Reverted to france in 1918... shown
CAPETOWN
"BECHUANA-
LAND
UNION OF
SOUTH AFRICA
INDIAN
OCEAN
14
Since 1910 roads have been The Cameroon's
built, railway lines laid, and tele- MOST impressive fea- phones extended. Medical science ture in the landscape has fought to make the land
Cameroon, WHAT was Germany's had fallen to 27 per cent.; Ger- is the active volcano, Mount worth living in.
the only African
So much for Germany's pre- former standing as a many's had risen to 14 per cent.
mountain to be washed by the were Germans like the Colonial Power? Where
place. sea. This 13,000ft, giant stands war possessions in Africa. Of her colonics? What did they Granted the right of free entry in British territory, for the Ger- her Pacific territories, the most produce? How have they de- in 1925, about 3,000 settled there man Cameroons, 191,000 square important was: Thirty-three earthqunite shoeltsveloped under mandatory rule? in 12 years. There are 546 Ger- miles, were divided into British
man landowners; 493 British. and French mandates. Britain New Guinea Now that the Colonial issue is The rest are Greeks and Indians. took 34,000
square miles-a
THE mandate of German are recorded at the Royal Obser-
New Guinen, along Sisal is Tanganyika's main strip on the north-west, adjoin-
with the Bismarck Archipelago, vatory in Hongkong in twelve likely to come to the forefront,
these questions are being every- stay-the plant from which ing Nigeria.
A hot, rainy, mountainous, and the Solomon Islands, was days. The total is phenomenal. where asked. In the next few cordage and twine are made. It rather uncomfortable land-the granted after the war to Aus-
for half her export Five of the quakes were major months the destiny of the ex- accounts
scattered trade. Other products are cot- lenst developed of all the Ger- tralin-and the development in German territories catastrophes which, had they
Africa, Australasia, the ton, groundnuts, coffee, hides, man colonies. To-day there are New Guinea since then has been only 320 Europeans in the Bri- remarkable. Of all the ex-Ger- occurred on land and not in the South Sea Islands, and the Far
skins, gold.
tish part, among 780,000 natives. man colonies none other has They do a nice trade in cocon, made so much progress. Pacific Ocean, would have occa-East will occupy the attention of German South-West
rubber, palm kernels, palm oil-
The German portion of this sioned terrific loss of life.
solate region which Alaska, the Aleutian Islands,
panding industry. Before the
Germany war
90,000 square miles, with a na- The Cameroons, too, was a tive population of about half a wrote a value,"
pessimistic Japan, Formosa, the Philippines, ranked third among the Colonial seems likely to prove of little
costly jewel in the Imperial million. In 1910 imports were great na- traveller in 1899. All the same, New Guinea and New Zealand Powers. The three
Consider the Budget of £194,000, exports £181,000. In tions of Western Europe exer- there's money in it. The Union 1912-receipts, £316,000; ex- 1936 Australian enterprise had lie directly along the weakest cised dominion over these areas: of South Africa runs this colony penditure, £882,000. There is increased trade more than ten- part of the earth's crust. Hong-Great Britain 11,160,000 square miles of 318,000 square miles, with its still a deficit--though not so big. Fold Exports stood at $2,500,- kong is a hundred miles outside france 4,223,000 square miles 1,000-miles coastline.
Revenue in the small British 000; imports at £1,400,000, 1,134,000 square miles the zone.
Previous Disasters
over
statesmen.
Germany
"A DREARY and th
and lately in bananas, and ex- still largely unknown island was
erown.
In 1912 for every £ Germany section in 1935 was £94,900 and leaving a nice favourable bal- To-day there are no German sent South-West Africa she got expenditure £121,000-out of ance." colonies. They have been split about seven shillings back. pocket, £20,000. up among the British Empire, Things were much better than
France, Belgium, and Japan. that two years ago. Here is the Togoland
Coconut is by far the principal crop, and the yield of this and other products, such as coffee, cocoa, and rubber, has been ́en- ormously increased by scientific methods of cultivation.
The biggest earthquake ever recorded occurred in China - in ¦
MONG.... the AM
German Most of the German terri- 1936-37 Budget: Receipts, £648,-
colonies, Togoland was 1666 A.D. Half a million people tories were acquired around 1884 000; expenditure, £759,000.
That was at the were killed.
and 1885.
adverse trade the ewe lanb. It was a model A £500,000 height of the international race balance had been converted (ac- estate, self-supporting, peaceful, Over 77,000 lost their lives in for colonies.
In 1914 there were 84,000 cording to the latest returns) not asking for any subsidies-no
acres of plantations. Two years the terrible. Messina disaster of
484,000 acres. In 1914, while the German into a surplus of well over £1, trouble at all.
000,000. Diamonds form В A queer sort of land-running ago there were December 28, 1908. Twenty- colonies were peopled by 15,000,- large share of the export trade, 346 miles into the interior, yet The bulk of the trade is done four thousand were killed in 000 natives, the German popula- which also includes animals for with a coast line of only 32 miles. with Australia, with Britnin tak another Italian earthquake on tion itself in them was only 18,-
slaughter, meat, hides and skins, It ran to 33,700 square miles, but ing second place. In 1935-36 January 13, 1915. The terrible
and butter. One valuable posses- now it is split up into British this country sold the territory
mandates. Our goods worth £184,000. Japanese earthquake of Septem-
sion is the deposits of vanadium, and French used for steel alloys.
portion is a narrow ribbon of Out in the Pacific, mero dota More than 400 miles of new 13,000 square miles adjoining, on the atlas, are the Marshall railways and 700 miles of motor and administered by, the Gold Islands, the Marianne Islands, the Caroline Islands, and the roads have been added since the Coast.
The principal trade is done in island of Pelew. Japan holda of estate agents, is Germans left. South-West Africa India is in the danger zone for choice property, now known as also takes a small share of Bri- palm kernels, palm oil, and cocoa, these mandates.
Tanganyika, situate
tish goods. Two years ago 50 but it is difficult to estimate the earthquakes and has received Kenya on the north and Portu- per cent. of its imports came growth of commerce since Ger- Far East frequent visitations of a dis-guese East Africa on the south, from Germany; only 20 per cent. man times, as complete. British
statistics are not published. astrous nature. The famous Held under British mandate.
500.
Let us
take a look at these ber 1, 1923 claimed 99,474 lives.vast ex-German possessions. In the 1934 Formosan disaster,German East Africa
2,471 people lost their lives and HERE, in the language
50,000 were rendered homeless.
Assam earthquake of 1897 was violently felt over the largest part of India, 2,500 people being killed in Shillong.
a
between
from Britain.
Formerly comprising 384,000 square miles, cessions of land to GRIN AND BEAR IT Belgium and Portugal have re- |duced it to 360,000 square miles.
Population in 1914 was 7,500,- Eight years later, India 000, including 5,000 Europeane shook in the great April, 1905 and 13,000 Asiatics. To-day the earthquake, when 20,000 lives Europeans have increased to
19,000, Asiatics to 32,000. were lost. This earthquake was
"German East” was not a pro- felt over an area estimated at
fitable investment. Expendi- 1,625,000 square miles! Its
ture in 1912 was £1,800,000, with centre was in the Kangra valley, only £624,000 coming back to the in the north-west Himalayas. Imperial coffers. Now the wealth of the country has multi- The shock of the Bengal plied. Last year on a £2,000,000 earthquake of January 15, 1984, Budget there was a surplus of was recorded in Hongkong at an £19,000. intensity comparable with that In Yokohama and Tokyo in 1923. Nearly three thousand people lost their lives in this
Trade, too, has made big 1910 20 years. In strides in imports were £1,900,000 and ex- ports just over £1,000,000—near- ly a million to the bad. In 1986 disastor.
the imports had grown to £8,- 850,000 and exports to $4,500,- Thirty thousand people died at 000 or £3,850,000 on the right Quetta three years ago.
gide.
The five major earthquakes Britain's share of this com- recorded since November morco is decreasing. Tangan- were equal in intensity to yika took 42 per cent, of its im greatest shock recorded this cen-ports from this country in 1980 land 8.8 per cont from Germany. tury!
KEM Two years ago Britain's share
GERMANY'S only For Eastern possession
By Lichty the murder of two of her mis-
Well?--are you coming along quietly, or do we have to the force?!!
+
was Kino-chow, wrested from | China in 1897 as reparation for
sionaries. Later, by agreement, it was leased to Germany for 99 years. Japan took it over dur- ing the war, handed it to China afterwards, and is now wrang- ling over it.
Finally, and this is the limit of German posacasions before the war, there were the Samoan Islands and little Nauru.
In 1914 the Samoan Islands. were occupied by Now Zealand, and at the end of the war the mandate was awarded to that Dominion. There is always a surplus in the small but healthy Budget of happy Samoa. The equally healthy conditions of the light-hearted islanders is shown by the fact that the population increased from 40,000 to 65,000 between 1926 and 1930.
Nauru is an atoll only 12 miles in circumference, but its surface is almost entirely made up of phosphates. The export of phosphates in 1986 alone, whe well over half a million tons. This valuable island is now held' under the joint mandate of Brf- táin, Australia, and New Zea- land