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THIS is what happens..
WHEN a DICTATOR
DIES
"Grandpa" Plisudski played his cards pretty successfully. A
Yo
OU have either asked this question or heard it: "What will happen when the Fuehrers, the Duces and the other na- Phone 27778-9 Stubbs Rd. tional Messiahs depart, when
Hongkong Hotel Garage
The
Hongkong Telegraph.
not
MONDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1038
RESPONSIBILITY
DIVIDED
Home
Death, without so much as a salute, will snatch the dic- tators from their hero wor- shippers and their victims?
51
It is possible to speculate on, but not to prophesy, what Ger- many and Italy will be like without Hitler and Mussolini, but the case of Poland can help us to peer a little into the future.
In that country a "leader" has come and gone, and in his passing has bequeathed the lesson that the aftermath of dictatorship is dis-
13
of the architect, and becomes a source of danger to adjoining properties.
ทยพ
The precedent of Poland is in all respects admirable as a basis for judgment. Here was a State. long under the heel of a foreign tyrant, the Russian Tsar her people pliable in their pride of new-won Independence.
The Polish dictator was the least objectionable of the species. Josef Pilsudski. the "Old Marshal," snatched almost single-handed, Polish independence out of the fires of the last war.
HEWLOrd
E was a thundering old swashbuckler with a of brigandage and derring to and a taste for plain speech that would, have made Rabelais blush.
Starting 3.5 1 revolutionary Socialist-le-developed-two-par-- sions which remained the single motive forces of his life-hatred of Tsarist Russin, overlord Poland, and determination to achieve Poland's independence.
of
With n crazy gang" for
force of 300 men he invaded Russin in 1914. The three hundred grew into the famous Polish Legion of 14,000 men, which not only went into battle against Russia, but de- manded from the Germans, when they occupied Warsaw, indepen- dence for Poland,
As the leader of the Legion In 1018 he marched into the Pollsh capital as head of a new Indepen- dent State. Of old "Dindzek' (Grandpa) Pilsudski, It can be truly said that he alone made the Republic of Poland.
teen years he ruled the country DC his creation autocratically, even ruthlessly, but with one essential difference from the rule of his
contemporary dictators. With infinitesimal exceptions, every section in Poland revered. even loved, the "gruff old walrus.
There was no nonsense about the old Marshat, no "immortal de- liverer." no "glorious Messiah" stuff; he did not strut or posture or parade.
о
N the contrary, he sat well back out of the Imellght, swore and blasphemed at his Minlaters, and bulled them to get on with the job of State-making.
In a real sense he was a benevo- lent dictator. His aim was simple and clear-to make Poland capable of standing on her own feet.
He sought and secured at least a surface peace with Nazi Germany and Soviet Russla-the two big bad wolves at Poland's western, and eastern doors. To balance things off neatly be made alliance with France.
Under him the "national minori- ties." nearly a third of the whole Polish population, were reasonably ontented and political parties were not oppressed,
In May, 1935, Pilsudski died. Since then Poland herself has been sick unto death, and is to-day.
there
Is decay, disrup- Internally tion and discontent; externally. Foland floundering from Left to Right. The first spells danger for the Polish people, the second anxiety for Europe.
Pilsudski gone. the little men have swarmed and jostled to climb into "Grandpa's" blg chair; but they cannot nil it.
To bolster up their weaknesses
by A. L. Easterman
Summing up the impressions formed during his recent visit
to Poland.
they ask nillance with "strong" nations abroad. ΤΟ maintain order at home they seek to uap the weapons of oppressive power.
Like the Nazis of Germany, they have worked up their country's difficulties into a national in- feriority complex which relief in ideas of national grandeur and "big power" ambitions."
continually at loggerheads with Czechoslovakia, 13 persistently encouraging the Poles in their enmity with her.
Further algn of Polish align= ment with Germany is the position of Danzig and the Polish Corridor. hitherto The Baltic sceka
free city," regarded by the Poles as a Polish
sphere of influence," is almost completely Nazined.
Yet Poland has not raised a nuger or uttored a whisper of protest.
To gratify these the present "Right Parties" in Poland seçk alliance outside, and the definite trend of this alliance is towards Nazi Germany, whose political
the Rights" philosophy
have adopted.
I have before me a copy of a printed manifesto distributed by
Union of Young Poland," the extremist section of Ozon, the Right Wing of the Government. This manifesto calls for a "no- tional revolution" against "Jewry, Communism, Freemasonry, misery and exploitation and compromise."
The policy of the pre
present Gov- ernment has shown an alarming drift towards Berlin and Rome.
Col. Beck, the Foreign Minister. has on more than one occasion shown his allegiance to Germany. Poland was among the first to re- cognise Mussolini's Abyssinian con- quest, and has shown her support of Japan in her campaign against China.
Significant is that fact that during the weeks when the League of Nations passed its resolution condemning Japanese aggression, the Japanese Legation in Warsaw was raised to the status of an Embassy.
Beck, it was noted, abstained from voting on the League resolu- tion.
T
“HEN on Poland's western frontier les Czechoslo- vakin. the one great bulwark of democracy in Central
Relations between them Europe.
are at breaking-point. Germany.
«
QUESTIONED
A
now
high
I Polish Government
official about this, sug- gesting that here was proof of Poland's advanco towards Hit- lerism. Ho slugged his shoulders, and, while not agreeing with my deductions, said that Danzig was "not
worth
rth while fighting about."
Strange doctrine for Polandi
The Polish Corridor, it is being
said in Poland, is now as good as lost to Germany.
Tourist
Let me be fair to Poland. Besides having political defects, she is in n position of enormous difficulty. Unlike Germany, after the war slic received little help in building up her new independent State after the impoverishment of Russian despotism. She has been felt poverty-stricken, undeveloped and over-poped.
a key position Yet Poland In post-war Europe. Not the least of her problems to her dangerously wedged-in situation between Nazi Germany and Soviet Rusala. Two of her great minorities. the Oer- mans and the Slavs, might. the Poles think, in an emergency turn to their country of origin.
Ambitious to be "world Power," Poland feels let down by France. in whose powers she no longer believes. Her people are politi- cally unripe and her rulers are without real courage or decision to guide their country along truly independent lines,
U
NDER these conditions Poland is unable, with- out the strength of the old Marshal, to stand alone.
In their ambitions to create a "Greater Poland," the Right Wing of the Polish Government is lean- ing towards the Fascist Powers. who, It belleves, have shown that by audacity they can get away with it," and that they alone in Europe have the power to achieve the most extravagant alma.
In
possible conflict in Europe. Fascists feel that from their allies In Germany and Italy, especially Germany, will come their share of the spoils to make a **Greater Poland." That is the danger for Europe of a Polish swing towards Rome and Berlin,
Chineso are reported to be ruption, that "leader worship
nimsy foundation on which to pouring over the frontier. No- erect a national structure, that the building itself, while flamboy- one will blame them for a cerunt, is sale only during the lifetime tain amount of apprehensive- ness in view of the persistent bombing and shelling to which their country is being subjected; and no-one can say that the fear they have of the imminence of an invasion is without founda- tion. Although it has been argued that the Japanese would altempt any large-scale armed penetration in the south without
thousands of troops to fight a way inland and eut the Canton lines of com- munication, there are also the confidence and pride of the navy to be reckoned with. These qualities have led a handful of bluejackets to rash and des- perate enterprises before this. It is possible, even if improbable, that the naval forces may at- tempt some sort of offensive of their own, backed by the guns of the fleet now mobilised in southern waters. It will be re- membered that the Naval Land- ing Party in Shanghai in 1932, small as it was, did not hesitate to make war on the 19th Route Army, many times its size. Moreover, a venture by the navy might force the hand of the Tokyo Government, and if the service wants action in the fugees. Hongkong would have a usually well- south there is this way of getto deal with
behaved and tractable mass. ting it.
A landing, a rapid Even in the panic which would thrust inland, and Tokyo would send them tramping from across be faced with the choice of sup the frontiers it is unlikely that
E notice that the porting the expedition or allow they would not respond satis-
Tokyo Government factorily to sympathetic if-strict
has set ing it to work out its
up a Taxa- own regulation. They recognise, of salvation. If it faced defeat it couse, that they are welcome tion Commission to discover can readily be imagined what here; and that as soon as they new ways of financing the the reaction in Japan would be, citizens, in the sense that they
enter this territory they become spot of bother with China. revenue to finance half a dozen tions a minute and $150 for 60
What they need is a man of WATA. Fivo bucks for a licence, Telophone 28021, Support would be forthcoming must obey the laws and customs. our experience. We could sug- and any found wandering around respirations a minute. Fifty por cent. Burtax for asthma and In accepting Hongkong's hos-gest dozens of ways of raising the streets unmuzzled could fetch wheezes, Supplies to ba cut off
Un- pitality they also accept the taxes if it wasn't that the Hong- an additional $10 in fines.
rofuse to from defaulters who Icashed silver-fish to be shot on This argument is not intended responsibility of the resident, kong government might get the light or taken to the House of pay within 14 day, and probate
though they are only to ularm the south or the people even
estate duties same notion as the Japanese. Detention and held st the i they
Or what about a tax on taxes? transients. As long as of Hongkong. But it is wise to realise this position, they are
Tako tom-cats, for instance. Governor's pleasure, Nobody seems to have thought; Corns and bunions should be There are limitless possibilities in prepare for emergency before it in no danger of offending. If
made to toe the line, because with this. A twenty per cent, tax en arrives. Therefore, in this they come in search of safety
Tom-cats could be grouped in this new taxation everyone would exlating taxes would net 20 per Then Colony, the public should be they must understand, or be zones. Any tom-cat found on the feel the pinch. Two dollars for cent. increased revenue.
taught, that their own actions wrong tiles to be fined $50, and for corn with knols on, $1.50 for a there could be a twenty per cent. ready to meet the possible dif- will decide the measure of their second offence $100, and have sufit-papored corn, and a dollar tax on the 20 per cent tax ficulties which a vast influx of happiness. In this connection his milk saucer broken. A third for one that has been trimmed taxes, and, again, a 20 per cent. tax on the 20 per cont. tax on the offence would mean the cancella with a razor-blade. Chinese refugees would create. Hongkong must depend upon tion of his licence and then ho
the permanent Chinese popula-would no longer be
羅 last desperato resort 20 per cent, tax on taxes, and so A tom-cat breath could be taxed. What they would be cannot be tion to act in a sort of liaison within the meaning of the Act.
Anyone can think up taxen. dollars per annum for halitosis;
We wish This will mean that a habitual $15 for gin, whisky, beer or accurately predicted; but that capacity, to advise and to help who they might demand sacrifices the less fortunate ones
have come here
to 44 and the widest sort of co- sanctuary, and to set, a good operation, straining the Colony's 'example."
Via LOS ANGELES & PANAMA CANAL PORTS. NEXT SAILING
M. V. "TRITON"
on
24th February
DODWELL & CO., LTD.
Hong Bank Bldg.
Agents.
CANTON AGENTS
for the
3
Hongkong Telegraph
WM. FARMER & CO. Victoria Hotel Building. Shameen, Canton.
Tel. 13501.
quickly enough.
For seven-
Now President Moscicki and Marshat Smiply-Rydz
both
what hunting for
they can
arc
Bources of support to the The Very Idea utmost, it will be admitted.
Fortunately, in Chinese re-
EL
vet.
And the moral is that nations cannot live by dictatorship alone.
WHEN DEFICITS COME IN, INCOMES GO OUT, SAYS KELLY, GETTING DOWN TO BRASS TAX
of a Tom-cat Heence.
BY EDDIE "LO.U” KELLY* with remissions for prompt pay- mente on St. Andrew's and Now ing the peace; (f) being found on Year's days.
# roof intending to commit felony.
GOLD FROM SILVER-FISH
TAX TO THE LAST BREATH Or perhaps it would be better to lump all breaths. together and And silver-fish. A tax On tax on a respiration basla. A silver-fish should nat
enough hundred dollars for 45 respira-
Tonon.
offender deprived of his Noence might be impounded for (a) vagran brandy, with an extra 50 cents ny; (b) being a suspected person; for cloves, and $5 for onlon sand- (c) tollering in a public place; (a) wiches. Hiccoughs to be charged offensiva bolaviour; (6) disturb. for at the flat rate of $5 a dozen,
что
Trenaurer.
**
instead.
оп
were Colonial
**
*Mr. Kelly is a grandson of the Old Lady of Threadneedle Sircet.