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THE HONGKONG
TELEGRAPH. WEDNESDAY,
DECEMBER 8,
1937.
HOUSING EXPERIMENT EXPLAINED TO ROTARY
REV. J. D. MACLEAN TELLS OF LIFE OF COLONY'S POOR
Speaking before the Hongkong Rotary Club yesterday on the subject of "Housing and Cliizenship", the Rev. J. D. MacLean of the Union Church, Kowloon, told of an experiment he and friends were undertaking in an effort to find model living conditions for poorer-class Chinese.
The speaker visualised a condition that could be attained where not more than twelve persons would occupy each Chinese fiat, and where children compulsorily attended school by day and the adults voluntarily went to evening classes,
Major R. D. Walker, President of the Club, welcomed Mr. T. E. Jackson, engineer marino uurveyor, and Col. D. S. Doughty, D.S.O., Canadian Immigration Commissioner, as new members, and the following visitors: Dr. 8. M. Gunn, Rockefeller Founda- tion; Rotarian 8. Burnham, Kalamazoo, Michigan; Mesars. H. Glel, Batavia; van Hoven, T. & Hsu, Shanghal; D. I S. Spreckley, H. L. Dicker, Hongkong; Kal Suez, Tsingtao.
MacLean
mo a
social com-
HONGKONG AND BHANGILAI BANKING CORPORATION.
Authorised Capital ................................ $30.000.000 Issued and Fully Paid-Up .... $20,000,000 Reserve Funds?--
Sterling
ATLET
BANKS
THE CHARTERED BANK OF
INDIA, AUSTRALIA & CHINA.'
Incorporated by Royal Charter 1853 HEAD OFFICES-LONDON, 31 Bishopsgate, E.CA.
£3.000.001
11
The P.&O. Banking Corporation, Ltd.
(Incorporated in England, 1920).
........ # 8,500,006 | Paid-up Capital Hongkong Currency Reserve $10,000,000 Leserve Liability of Proprietor £1,000.00 | Authorised "Croftál •na GILLA-EB00ODOR Reserve Liability of Proprietors #20,000,000 Reserve Fund .................................. 43,000,00
BKAD OFFICE-HONGKONG. BOARD OF DIRECTORS pre
Q. Makin. XONG-
Chairman.
Hon. Mr. M. T. Johnson. Deputy Chairman,
J. K. Bourfieich, Heq, K. 19. Morrison, Esq.
A. IL. Compton, Eaq. Hon. Mr. J. J. Paterson
B. 11. Dodwell Esq.
J. R. Masson, Esq.
AMOY
TE. Porrco, Esq. A. L., Bhields, Esq.
MANCHESTER BRANCH:
Ti Mosley 8., Manchester.
AGENCIES AND KHANCERS) Ator Biar Ipoh
Amritsar
Sangkok Batavia
Dombay Calcutta Canton
Dollo
Karachi
Klang
Kobe
Kuala
Битый
Cawnpore Kuching
Balzon Bemarang Beremban Shanghai Bing=pare Sitiawan Rourabaya
Taiping
菜
Bir Vasdelmeur 11 Graybure.
BANGKOK BATAVIA BOMBAY CALCUTTA CANTON СНЕГОВ COLOMBO
his
DAIREN
FOOCHOW
HAIPHONG
The Rev. J. D.
anid: house is his castle would be, that
Chinaman's bedspace is personal the You must forgivo introduction to my subject. Housing, castle. and especially the adequate life of the poor has always manded my attention and interest. At home in Scotland I worked. social surveys in different parts of the country, and was a member for three years of two housing mittees which carried out several Government-aided housing schemes.
To my
my mind, housing and the ment of. cood citizenship are related, and so it is from that the angle that I would approach subject of housing in Hongkong upon which I have been asked to speak to you.
NO PRIVACY AT HOME But you cannot lock a door on a cannot close the on bed-space; you
shutters, for there are none to secure adequate privacy for your wife and daughters; and far from belog able to secure an hour's respite from the of your own family, you members can't even secure a moment's freedom from the
aften unneighbourliness of your neighbours.
1
com
Only
HAMBURG HANKOW ABBIN
HONG KEW ILOILO IPON JOHORE
KODE
KOWLOON
CHIEF MANAQKIL
BIANCHIS
KUALA LUMPUR
****
LANDON LYONB MALACCA MANILA MUAR (JOHORE) MUKDEN NEW YORK
PELPING PENAND RANGIOON SAIGON
SAN FRANCISCO
SHANOHA! HINGAPOR BOURABAYA SUNGEI PATANI
TIENTSIN
TOKYO
TSINGTAO
YOKOHAMA
which
Current Accounts opened in Local Cus rendy and Fixed Deposits received to one year or shorter periods in Local Currency and Sterling on terms will be quoted an application.
ALSO up to date SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES in various sizes TO LET.
Hongkong. 18th May, 1937.
HONGKONG SAVINGS BANIL
The
Business of the above Bank is conducted by the llongkong and Bhant n Banking Corporation. Rules may be obtained on application YOR THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION.
V. GRATBURN,
Chief Manager. Hongkong. 18th May, 1937.
our
Chinese
Cebu
Calamba
Leihi
Haiphong Hamburg
Biankow Harbin
Madras
Manila
Moder
Pelang
· Tlettodia
Tongkah
Thu)
Yokohama
New York Tringtao
(Pekin) Zamboanga Penang
Hongkong Rankoos
Foreign Exchange and General Bank- jing business transected.
Current Accounts opened and Firs Deposit received for one year of Biorem period at rates which will be quoted or application.
The Bank's Head Office is Lender undertakes Executor & Trusios bisionne and claims recovery of British Inoame Cax overpaid, on terms which may be ascertained at any of its Agencibe & úranches.
THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE. BANK, LIMITED.
Capital (fully paid-up) ...... Y300,000,0Or ...... V.134.400, DOI Reserve Fund
HEAD OFFICE:MYOKOHAMA, Branches and Aguncles at
Hongkong
Jinking
Karachi
Kobe
London Los Angeles Manila Bojl
Fangoon
io de Janeiro San Francisco Beattie
Semarang Shanghai Bingapore Bourabaya
Alexandria Bangkok
Matavia
Berlin Bombay Calcutta Canton Dairen Fengtion
(Dainy)
(Mukdon)
Nagasaki Накома New Хот
Quru
Dzska
Tokyo Yingkow
Parta
Pelping
Hamburg Hankow
Harbin
Honolulu
Bydney Tientsin
Twingtao
Interest allowed on Current Accounta Deposits received for fixed periods a1 cates to be obtained on application.
Y, KANO,
Subscribed and Fald-up... ELAPUR Reserve Fund eindregsonKE, 150000 PANERAISLEAD. OFFICEEA
£17-122; Leadenhall Street, London, MUS WEST END BRANCni 14-10, Cockapur, Btreet, London, 9.W.L › BRANCHES-Bombay. Calcitia, Cali- Coimbatore, Colombo, Hongkong. sindrak Bhangaki, Singaporeju rek
Agenciesiskin all the principal tower of the world.
General Exchange land Banking bari» ness transacted, tõens and granted on approved security, and Fixed Deposit ́accgsunia ;öpened.
BAVINGS ACCOUNTS IN 'LOCAL, CUR- RIENCY |--Interest allowed at 3% per
STERLING
BAVINGS ACCOUNTS >--- Interest allowed ai ratos which may be obtained on application. I
TRAVELLERS LETTETS OF CREDIT. TRAVELLERS' CHEQUES AND PAB- JENGER LETTERA OF CREDIT (for sure un board P, Be D. and B. 1. Steamore and at Ports of Cals are. susued at current rate of exchange and free of commission AMEIUCAN EXPRESS TRAVELĻKLAN CHEQUES sold and cashed,"
Beatish Income Tax Recavered. Execularatiips and Trustooships under-
W. I. WADDINGTON,
* Manass7. Hongkong. 3rd Astil, 183T.
THE MERCANTILE BANK OF INDIA, LIMITED,
laken.
Hand Ome:~15, Orscschurch Street, London, RC.J.
Authorized Capital
Subscribed Capital
Paid-up Capital ears. Reserve Fund and Best ....
BANKERS.
£3,000,000
1.800.000
1,954,000
1,347,30
The Bank of England à Midland Bank, Lid.
IRANCHES Jona Ipoh Kuantan Kandy
Penang
Bangkok
Madras
Bombay
New York
Calquita... Colombo
Karachi
Deink Galle
Kota BiraPU
Rangoon Shanghai
Kuala Lipla
Manager
Hongkong
Howrah
$30.000.000.0
When I made my first timid en-
these quiries into the conditions and visited some of the houses in close. proximity to my own home the fact
was
the which shocked me most Nowadays, I do not believe that number of persons
living in such On one the average standard of housing is higher anywhere in the world than conditions under one roof.
floor I discovered no less than 40 it is in Great Britain. That does not people. I admit that this number is mean that the British authorities are exceptional, and that the average satisfied with what has been done in nearer 25 persons per floor, but think England, Scotland and Wales.
of it! Twenty-five people living and I read that the biggest single serforming all the normal functiona cently slum-clearing project which has yet neecasary to a happy physical life, been
is to be begun very attempted is
within a space 30 feet by ten feet:
from the medical point of view, Because soon in
of this London.
cases without
Hongkong. lith September. 1937, anything, examination and record will be made In many fact, the
the contrast between standard of housing for the poor at Pproaching decent sanitary arrange of every tenant. For these ends we
THE BANK OF EAST ASIA. nients.
are dependent upon the un-
LIMITED. home, and the standard for the poor
Shortly after I had begun my own
ol service scitish men who in Hongkong, was one of the features
friends, for few of us have a speak- of life in the Colony which struck "nquiries I met several me most forcibly shortly after I ar-were also interested in this and other ing knowledge of Cantonesc. This Authorised Capitat
uroblems concerning the welfare of
scheme is financed by our own small Paid-up Captial society in general and the poor in group, and amounts to a small subsidy Reservs and Undivided
Profits particular. And
after much study of Let me take one simple illustration the causes of poverty locally, wo on each flat, in order that the rents which we charge may be such that.
HEAD OFFICE-HONGKONG the subject of personal hygiene.decided to make a social survey of the tenants can pay economically.
20, Des Voeux Road, Central. Let me quote Vera Britain on the
overly In Hongkong. This Wits This subsidy is necessary because the subject in regard to England, most commenced and pursued for some, maximum rental of $1 per head for
BOARD OF DIRECTORS:- English families are still in the habit time, but was agreed to be futile.
healthy accommodation is not sufficient
Bir Shauson Chow, Chairman. of retiring to bed with the day's
to pay the rents charged to us by
Fung Ping Wah, Bag grime deposited upon their persons."
P. K. Kwok, Esq. Li Lan Bang, E49. The information which we collected the owners. Other expenses are alto Li Koon Chun, Esq. Lator she writes of the "great British
was such that it could not come within involved. A warden has been ca-Wong Yun Tong, Esq. Wong Chu Son, Esq.
usual middle class with
universal
Chang Chung Shex, Eaq. Kan Ying P¤, Esq Its
and the of being called gaged, lighting,
KAN TONG PO, Esq., Chis! Manager. standard of respectable discomfort. million miles
amenities have also to be met.
LI THE FONO, E14, Manager. But even this grimy class with its clentine.
To give you an example of what This experiment is based upon
DRANCHES AND AGENCIES — standard of "respectable discomfort,"
Melbourne bathes once a week. Gentlemen, this mean, the head of one family re-certain bellets, viz.
(1) That before you weekly bath is recognised by Governorted something like this: he had to that keep himself, a witc and four children,
good citizens, the community, ment; it is so much a habit
responsible Canton or at least the offelal notice of it has been taken he was $200 in debt, his rent was
section of the community must to the extent that in practically all $5 a month, and it cost him $1 per
provide, or see that they are Government-aided housing schemes, day for food, and he earned $7 per
month. This information was in hdequate bathing facilities
provided, decent environs and Kobe healthy living conditions.
rived.
PERSONAL HYGIENE
are
CASE IN POINT
quired of all building authorities who mediately followed by a request for a hawker's licence for his wife. erect new houses.
Such and similar cases were repeated dozens of times in the course of our enquiries so that we were forced to give the matter up as useless-
In Hongkong, where bathing, even for the great grimy British middle -class-is-a-accessity at least once a day, the same provision is made for It, but the same la not true of the working-class and the poor, who have the dirtiest work of the community
to do.
Why A
ITE EXPRESS 777
STATE EXPRESS
777
(CORK TIPPED)
IN LONDON
The
Hongkong Telegraph
is on sale at
SELFRIDGE'S
For Advertising Rates
the London Representatives are-
REUTERS,
LTD.
3. Tokenhouse Buildings
King's Arms Yard,
Bank E.C.2. London
Thereafter sull with the burden of the life of the poor upon our minds, we made a brief study of what was belag done to alleviate their conditions by the various charitable agencies at work in the Colony, and the ideal
uf
ean create
Amoy
Batavia
Nagasaki New York Озака
$ 5,508,000.00
$ 2,776,121,78
Shanghai Яinsapore Sourabaya Swalow
Bombay
Calcutta
Bydney
Haiphong
Peiping
Taunt
Honkow
Penang
Tenuin
Honolulu
Rangoon
Tokyo
Saigon
Kowloon
Vancouver Ban Francisco Yokohama Scalile
(2) That these conditions can be London
created economically.
supervision education is necessary,
LAND VALUES
illustration
of
Simila
Kusja Lumpur Singapore
Kuala TrenŞKADII
HONGKONG DEANCHI. Every description
of Banking
Exchange.Businèm tranuncied.
and
TRUSTEE AND EXECUTORSHIP UNDERTAKEN. Interest allowed on. Current Accounts and Fixed Deposits at' Rater that may be uncertained an application.
D. DENSON,
Manager.
CONSIGNEES' NOTICE.
COMPAGNIE DES MESSAGEBIES MARITIMES.
The Steamship
"YALOU”
No. 1 AEO/38 Bringing Cargo from Dunkirk alc, arrived Hongkong on Monday, 3th December, 1937.
Consignees are hereby informed that their goods with the exception of Oplum, Treasure and Valuables are being landed and stored into the Godowns of the Hongkong Kowloon Wharf and Godown Co., Ltd., Kow- LOOD,
bo whence delivery may
on of Banking and Exobtained tromediately after landing. Every description
· All claims must be sent in to me
BAN TONG PO,
Chial Manager
any
No Fire Insurance will be effecied
MESSAGERIES MARITINES CO.
Agent
space measuring four feet by Ave that instance problem before it eradicated, and individuals taught the Annncial brain, or I might be able by us in any case whatever
the
necessity
of
subscribing to
usual codes of decency.
the' to prove to you that they could be
(Continued on Page 10)
Hongkong, 6th December, 1937
(3) That to raise the standard of change business transacted. Loans grant-
citizenship, locally, certained on approved securities,
Current Accounts opened in Loca) Cur on or before 10th December, 1937, andregulated|rency-and-Fixed Deposits-received-foror-they-will-not-be-recognized.
one year or shorter periods in Local and Damaged Packages will be examin» Foreign Currencies on terms which willed by the Company's Surveyor be quoted on application.
Messrs:-Goddard and Pouglas” in Safe Deposit Boxes To. Let.
the pretence
the Consignees at I think that I have already said
10.00a.m. on Saturday, 11th Decem- During the past summer we read
sumclent about the first of these be-
ber, 1937. of how the Chinese innate sense of of service we had in common was liefs. The single
The second of these beliefs is one omeer in attendance when
Consignees must have a Revenue cleanliness caused certain unfortunate dissatisfied with what we found out;! Police prosecutions against persons individuals to be punished for "in- the only society which came within batalag in public la surely sufficient which such probations as our ex-duflable goods are examined by the
the moral to be drawn from these more. Such as our ex Company's Surveyors. decent exposure of the person."
Because
Im hundred miles of our ideal was it is utterly
19
heinous crimes against the body periment envisages, can be created possible to instal a bath on a bed-e Society for the Protection
Ave Children, and we felt that even in politic, is that their cause must be economically. Alas, I have not a and that is the only home of fcet, thousands of our fellow beings in this was su immense, that even its beat community. Among
efforts and many of them are ex- the poor of
cellent were only pouring water Hongkong the version of the Englis into the sea. We came to the co- afrmation, that the Englishuman's
clusion that the existing methods of organised charity were far too costly fur the amount of service which they achieved, and that the nature ΟΙ that service, in nearly every in- stance was temporary, and amounted to nothing more than comforting of individuals in their antinal poverty Lnd depravity. We felt that some- thing more was necessary, and that that something. whatever it was to be, must be a system whereby in dividuals, Chinese and European, would be brought into direct contact with the poor whom they sought to Thelp.
Such a clean refreshing flavour.
Odol
MOUTH WASH
THE WORLD'S NEWEST DELIGHT!
100 MEN
and a GIRL
.
SOCIAL SETTLEMENT
Our next plan was to start a settle- ment which could be a rehabilitation plan for down-and-out men, but that idea was 2000 discarded on tho grounds that even among the very poorest in Hongkong, the unit of life not the individual but the family. So we decided to start a settlement for the rehabilitation of families. The objects and methods of this schemo were formulated thus:
(a) To provide settlements in and around the alum districts of Hongkong and Kowloon cater- ing for the poorest classes. (b) To attempt to provide sani- tary, ventilated, lighted, un- crowded accommodation for tenants at rents which are within their means. (a) To attempt to raire
the
standard of living and the moral ille of the occupants by education, supervision and direct personal interest.
• (d) To provide points of contact between the poorest classes and the European population, where the one can help the other a fellow human being, and in this way to fur ther the cause of human fellowship and brotherhood. To act as a medium of re- Boarch and observation: in t
nootal; walfarm, vl KIEFING: RECORDE Thamrihoda Lashich Have
(0)
mattuen
Accept
BEST
BREW
UB
LIGHT OR DARK.