&
THE HONGKONg Telegraph, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1937.
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BUILD
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FOR TO-DAY
YESTERDAY.
BY PAUL REILLY
AVE you ever stood still in & London
and asked street yourself why the buildings look as they do? Ask your- self why this
shop is dressed up like a municipal library, why that public- house apes
an old-world not something to be learnt ice a cottage and why the outside rule of thumb (as its copyists think), nor is it something to be mixed with of this cafe looks like the
the mortar to jazz. It up. inside of a Turkish bath.
Nearly all the buildings you see are imitations of something else. All English towns, not only London, have become pitiful hotch-patches of cribs and copies.
And if our builders are not copying Bomo historical precedent they are doing worke; they are imitating with out understanding the work of the
few architects of to-day who are creating something that is different.
It is in fact the logical successor to the architecture of the eighteenth century that was buried alive by the Victorians beneath a pile of imitation antiques.
And so I went on, backwards and forwards, copying all the time with only a difference of models.
Is
Coates's Rais nt Lawn Road, Hamps- tead, do describe from their outward appearance the new purpose of the Building.
Or take the problem of the office But to-day there something different being offered and the dan- of an architect himself. Light for his ger is that we have become so accus above all. But how many architects drawing board in what he needs lomed to seeing one building put up have the sense of Messrs. Mitchell & reminds us of another somewhere Bridgwater in their Bruton else or that has familiar features tint offices to run their windows in a con- Place we can safely ticket ns Tudor," "Wren," "Gothic," or whatnot that inuous band the whole width of their
Building? we shall overlook or dismiss this new movement,
The modern concrete and glass And was # courage or just com- building may look un-English-Its mon sense that led Messrs. Lubettin architect has often Bun-Englisis and Teclon in their new Zoo buildings name. But, when Sir Christopher to study the wants of the animals Wren storted building, his houses which they were house and to in- looked un-English against a Tudor quire what materials could best
had satisfy these wonta? background and Jils masters Italian names.
To-day the principles of building and the architect'a approach are the same as those of the Georgian period. In the eighteenth century the English vernacular was wholly nd- To-day again the architect is ask mirable. It was the result of a Ing himself the questions: What is common-sense development, and not this building for? What materials a blind imitation, of classical (and have I to build it with?- therefore un-English forms.
By the right use of malerinks and a proper understanding of the pur- pose of a building our eighteenth- architecture century or Georgian London lua its examples of this reflected perfectly the English life new architecture; two adjacent houses and behaviour of that time. on
in Church Street, Chelsen, another In Hampstead, some Bnts in Highgate and Ladbroke Grove, and one or two others.
The wedding between Mias Diga Marla de Castro Basto and Mr. Fernando Jose dos Remedios will luke place at 10 a.m. Saturday, November 27, ni St. Teresa's Church, Kowloon Tong, No Invitations will be issued but relatives and friends will be welcome at the Church and afterwards at the reception to be held at 20. Granville Road, Kowloon,
110
The
Hongkong Telegraph.
FRIDAY, NOVEMiner 19, 1937,
Was It revolutionary or eccentric to build for the penguins those inter- twining, sloping ferro-concrete walks that elegantly span the pool? The those ramps without hesitation, s penguins do not think so." They use any visitor to the Zoo itnows.
And the gorillas are happy in their from the wint by a revolving screen. iry sunny house that can be shielded Yet that revolving screen has no counter-part in any "style" of archi-
tecture.
The purpose of modern buildings are new and the materials have changed, so we must not expect the design to look famillor.
The use of steel girders and ferro- And now the elephants also are to concrete makes possible shapes and be rehoused. One can only hope that spans that have no place in any style. they, too, will be treated, with the Look at Bedford Row, Bloomsbury. To dress these new materials in sume consideration and lionesty as and then at what remains of Port period, architecture is like putting a the penguins and gorillus. - land Place, to take exumples from modern girl back into hobbleskirts. both ends of the Georglin period,
And one hopes also that the new In both cases the forms are the same
And we must not expect a modern college at Oxford that Lord Nuffield but you can see at a glance the department store built to-day to look has endowed will not be built as a progress and refinement that took like anything built in previous cen- stavich copy of the existing colleges. And in the
place over the space of a hundred turies, when there were no depurt- The new college should reflect all country individual
years. The windows have become ment stores.
the efficiency, contemporary spirit houses are being built whose that latter and more elegant, the bars
and honesty of design that is shown roofs and large windows are at once more urbane.
more delicate, the whole bronder and
in Lord Nuffield's motor-cars. But how many such buildings re- denounced by local authorities.
fccted anything of the activity of
For honesty is the keynote of this Another 30 years and ulf that was this new fortn of business. Some modern architecture, as it was of the For there is still a mass prejudice lost. Architecture became a game tools like museums, others like over-architecture of Wren or the Adam against this modern architecture and of leap-frog from one style to an- grown farm-houses. Only
brothers. great nonsense is talked about it.
other, and building was treated in London-Messrs. Peter Jones, built much the game sort
Good architecture is an honest at- of way os Is to the designs of Mr. William Crab- tempt to solve a problem; the most Modern architecture is neither a Present-day display advertising. Be tree-looks like what it la,
different at all costs and your build-
honest is the simplest, and the sim- How many of the new blocks of difficulties by using unsuitable forms plest is that which does not create flats in London truly represent this and unsuitable materiais. private houses new form of living? Most resemble
blown up with a If we can remember that, we shall bicycle pump. Messrs. Lubetkin and Tecton's "High- that English architecture once corn- But a few, Bike be getting back to the fine position point at Highgate, or Mr. Wells manded in the civilised world.
is ing will catch somebody's eye.
one in
Do They Want Hitler?
bc-
are
BY
PATRICK BALFOUR
(Author of "Lords of the
Equator")
and fluctuating prices. His capital, insuffelent in the first place, has often been dissipated in Improvident agricultural experiment.
responsibility, experience and in- telligence.
Their inward feelings are proble.... matical. Under German rule their firms would undoubtedly be sub- Jected to a more rigid Government control. But they are outwardly loyal to the Nazi view and put the economic case for a return of the mundate with reagon and moderation.
Their principal point is that, by paying in German currency for the raw materials which she buys from her ex-colonies, Germany, could release sufficient foreign currency to pay for the raw materials which she has to buy chewhere. could afford to buy more raw materials from those colonies than she buys at present,
Morcover she
The poor German is generally loyal, if not a violent Nazi.
He has little hope of seeing his Before the war 50 per cent. of Fatherland again. He has nothing to Tanganyika's exports went to Ger- lose, and hopes that he has every-many. To-day she takes only 10 thing to gain, by return of the per cent. territory to German rule.
On the other hand, under present
11
POINTING THE ROAD new style nor an eccentricity. It IN SOCIAL SERVICE
be that it will grow from this like the Strand with no style, ne uni- The result, of course, was a street Yesterday the Hongkong present little beginning to a formily no direction, with plenty of Telegraph was able to disclose ment, backed by all sections of
great and far-reaching improve the attention.
catch the eye, but nothing to hold that a private group of social the people, Chinese as well as workers had undertaken certain European. For its. aim must experiments with respect to appeal to all. If only on the Hongkong's housing problem as prevailing danger of disease in ground that it will remove the it affects the poorer population. the crowded coolic quarters, the For the merit of the experiment nightmare of epidemies which nothing more need be said than would affect every man, woman and child, from the uppermost that it is timely, or rather, over-Peak levels to the meanest hovel duc. No matter if it appears in Hollywood Road, it is good. Hissue an important declaration TITLER is expected shortly to to be unsound financially at the And whatever is good is on his colonial policy. He will take,) outset, it is a stride in the right deserving of support and en-it is believed, formal steps to claim
couragement. direction. From it the investi-
the return of those ex-German The social workers responsi-colonies which Great Britain now gators will learn much; enough,ble for this experiment are am administers under mandate on perhaps, to be in a position to bitious. They would not only half of the League of Nations. advise the Government's ex- the moral life of the people with the colonint clauses of the Treaty of raise the standard of living, but This, in effect, would imply that perts who may be culled upon whom they are working.Versailles were, in Germany's view, to consider some such scheme at Education, supervision and per-null and vold, anel that her previous
sonal interest are distant date. Behind
the means colonies still belonged to her. the
they propose to adopt for this private experiment is a strong purpose.
One group would be more closely They
themselves affected than anyone else by such a feeling of dissatisfaction
their venture and characterise
as change the Germans who live in injustice resulting from that unique and bold in conception. what used to be the German colontes.
What do they think about li? So it is. Moreover, they are system known as "principal financing it themselves by
Take Tanganyika, for example, tenantry," considered by many voluntary subscription. But it In Tanganyika to-day there to be iniquitous because of the is their hope that the "settle-close on three thousand Germans.
ments" which they establish| almost inevitable abuses which
They are a third of the total will require no great outlay on European population and, excluding grow out of it. Granted that it the part of the hackers. No-the members of the administration Polities provide him with his conditions the German firms in is the Chinese themselves who one will relish their task of and their families, considerably out-principal source of hope. He nouri Tanganyika suffer from no luck of shes an atmosphere of Nazi intrigue. foreign currency. The greater part responsible, for the most education and uplift, but, on the number the British.
He boasts openly of what he will do of their trade is conducted on a other hand, no-one will be sof part, for the sub-letting of floor dull as to despise or belittle it. directly or indirectly, in the produc- back.
Germany gets Tanganyika sterling bags, much of their sisal sold to England and America for space to tenants at ridiculous These experimenters are real tion of raw materials, predominantly
foreign currency The proportion He is the life and soul of the local which goes to Germany is largely prices, for the over-crowding public servants.
countries. All listen eagerly to Nazi Party meetings.. His nuisance paid for in German currency as it and unsanitary conditions
One of the best things that cach new pronouncement on Ger- value is not inconsiderable.
1, in the form af German imports could result from this scheme many's colonial claims. But all do
and German machinery. many of the Colony's tene-would be the proof that tere not react to them in the same tone.
Above the peasants, but not neces- Secondly, the Germans maintain
under British surlly in authority over them, are the i that
mandate the The Germons in Tanganyika fend German. "barons." They
are thej agricultural wealth of Tanganyika is is old-established and that, in all
to fall into three classes. In keeping with the limited re-
owners of coffee plantations or share not developed to ful! capacity,” probability, a good proportion of
turns. There should be no aim First there are the poor Germaus.holders in sisal plantations largo Nativo cultivation of coffee and
enough to bring in an adequate, if those who are encompassed in at profit, but only an endeavour Most of them are young men who
have come but to the country, within not a comfortable Income. Landlords the it have never known better to avoid large loss.
past ten years. There arc Most of the barons profess an out- living conditions and probably might suffer to the extent of salaried employees and ex-employees ward adherence to the Nazi regime. Timber, which at present is hardly
losing. a proportion of their of German Arms, working as artisans Often their loyalty is sincere. But have known worse, the move-tenants. But their loss would or mechanics, clerks or cashlers, en-nlarge proportion of them view nexploited at all, could be planted in ment for reform is nevertheless be the gain of the Colony as a gineers, or assistant managers on return to German rule with mis-large quantilles,
plantations.
giving.
Undoubtedly, if Hitler got back admirable, necessary and a whole. Moreover, there is no
Others are "pensant" settlers, with Some have even moved across the Tanganyika, he would make to suppose that they
big source of gratification that reason
their own sminli could not still let their space at
farms or coffee frontler into Kenya to remain secure-national effort to develop it. Large Burns would be spent to reclaim plantations.
ly under the British flag. THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD. |there are disinterested Euro-sufficient rates to ensure a pro
jungle, to plant, to establish a more Unable to obtain a living at home, The "barons" fear, under Nazi efficient system of communication. peans here who have the welt. It is not suggested that tho fare of the less important mem-Government should go into the byte men were tempted out to Africa rule, an influx of peasant settlers, Germans would be shipped out in by the prospect of living wage, subsidised In German currency, who thousands to develop the new Nazi tenement business with the idea what they receive is barely a living, will compete with them and spoil colony with a totalitarian energy and; bers of the community at heart. of compoting or rate-cutting, wage. The salaried employee earns their already limited market. unity of purpose,
rentals often less than £10 and seldom more It is to be hoped that the though a decline in
than 15 per month, in a country At present they export the. greater But the wealth of a country de- experiment will be successful, would probably be the effect of where a European cannot adequately part of their produce to England or ponds not merely on the fertility of that it can be shown that tene-Goverment building. The sim- maintain his position on less than the United Stater, for good currency, its soll. It depends on the extent
ple aim should be, it is suggested £20 per month. ments can be built at a cost and with all respect, to provide for of a type suited to poor people the "overflow" population in the and to offer decent who can afford so very little for tonements
quarters at the least possible their living quarters. It may price.
IN THE
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COUNT
THE
"TELEGRAPHS"
EVERYWHERE
are
of
ments; granted that the custom
ments can be built by the Government at reasonable cost
All these Germans are engaged, when
agricultural, for Germany and other
+
ground-nuts, European cultivation of coffee and siral could be considerably increased.
D
Under German rule they might be of its populailon, obliged to export it to Germany, for
The European can bod
only extract produce from tropical Africa by The peasant, as a man of properly. The third German category is that | African labour,. And African labaur, might be better off. In practice his of the traders, the managers and in Tanganyika, is so scarce that it struggle for existence is just as hard. Higher paid employees of the big is to be imported from adjoining He is at the mercy of falling crops | German firms. They are men of colonies,