THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1937.
CULTURE OF
OF 1ST CENTURY B. C.
B. C. UNCOVERED DESERT WHERE BUDDHISTS MET GREEKS
IN
(By Peter C. Rhodes) United Statesa Staf Correspondent
where Greek and Hindu art mingled, been in charge of the work in the and found cqqal favour among the field. people of the area. Archeologists will have to revise the former viow
the
DESERT AREA EXPLORED that the hybrid Greco-Buddhist urt Following ancient chronicles, the originated in
into the Kaplea Upper Indus or expedition went Gandhara regions, This art was of region, certain that Important dis- decisive influence оп most Inter coveries would be made, in the Chinese art, having passed by early months of 1934. Choice caravan route nervis Tibet to the the region was made because the dourishing Celestial empire.
BUDDHIST MONASTERY
Puris. Announcement of important archeological discoveries in the de- sert region of Cuboul in Afghanistan; has been made bere by the French Archéologieal Delegation In Afganis tan, The discoveries have un- covered the farthest northern point where Buddhist and Greek culture
Only a few miles from Begrim, met, several centuries before Christ another section of the French ex
Systematic work, the basis of the
pedition led
by Jacques Meunce findings
was worked on the site of the Buddhist orders to his the delegation, of
of Shotorak. Dominating a devastate the temple described by one of the workers in
strangely fertile valley the Buddhist relred." the Acld MrG.
Hackin. She monastery finally was found. it was
Gold:
**In a
on
UNCOVERED
n
nren was completely desert. Alled with shifting sands. The chronicles had related how Tamerlain in the 14th century hind attacked the kingdom of Seiston, on the Iranian frontier. His troops suffered a severe defeat and Tamerlain himself vens badly wounded. In anger, he gave
retreating troops to countryside as they
Harvest time in the Vineyards of workers appear
the Khire, and the
to be very satisfied with the erop.
STIFLING DISEASE AND BACTERIA
Alled with gigantic statues of Their mortal blow killed no per- Buddha, and splendid bas-rellets in sous at the moment, but condemned campaign of diflcult re-schist, depleting the life of Buddha.a vast area to destruction. Breaking Fortunately the Moslem iconoclasts a huge dam which had been bullt depend search, results
did not and and destroy this monas- after years of work, and which had ordinated efforts of a group. for tery when they overran the area formed the basis of a vast irrigation each person is indispensible to the some centuries later.
system which made this one of the most fertile regions in Asia, the other. The architect, the digger, Another section of the French desert erept swiftly back over the the topographer, the mechanie, the delegation, led by Jean Cari, mount-rich Belds, and the people went e a valley close to Barayan search-away. Years later the remnants of person who gathers the Iegends ing for the lost elty Slaghird. among the natives, all have cv- He has been told through natives of the once flourishing civilisation had ordinated their effort in our group." glant mound, from which the head.
the discovery by a shepherd of been used by drifting sunds.
CITY OF SAR-O-TAR FOUND Among the Bnds mude by the of Buddha appeared one day after The basic problem for the arch-
site, delegation this year, is the un-heavy rains. Working on the earthing of the unclent Indo-Grecian the group of Jean Carl, well-knownologist was to establish a proper capital of the Kaplen Kingdon, French architect, uncovered a large transport system to assure a water supply. They solved it by the use of a six-wheel Lafly desert, truck. Begrain. Here work concentrated in Buddhist sanctuary, dominated by a a luxurious
First discoveries in the region were! nine-room palice and huge centrat Stupa. led to a sealed room filled with works i
EARTHLY FIGURES CARVED made in the autumn of 1836, when of art of the period, glass vases of
they explored for the buried city unsurpassed craftsmanship, both in One of the findings of this group of Zarent, a name praised in in- Hindu and Grecian styles; ivory was that of statues of two earthly numerable Arab and Aveatle texts. hand-carved chests, engraved by princess, carved in stone and wear North of Zarenj, in a dead and un- Indian artista.
ing the costumes of Central Asiatic
explored area, they found the city nobles. This Is perhaps the first
vaguely marked on Hot Sar-o-Tar. DIG WITH TEASPOON
But statues of earthly per- British maps. found in Work in the sand ond dust Be sonalities have been
Three civilisations have flourished, (BY PETER C. RHODES) room was carried out with teaspoon Buddhist sanctuary. They had ob-
viously and toothbrush, so that none of the
been deliberately placed in this region. Parthian, Sassanid, United Press Staff Correspondent
all left imposing) objects would be damaged. All there, because special niches which and Arab, and
The Pasteur Institute, world- woodwork long since had fallen to were part of the central architec- bulldings and temples filled with known bacteriological centre, is can
The old dust, but remnants proved that the tural plan had been built for then, valuable art objects. room had been deliberately
facing stored directly
holding of Sut was found surrounded with posed of more than laboratories. nicher Buddhist statues. Here agadu, and sealed, as if with the intention
In-strong walls indicating one of the is also one of the largest forms in scientific methods employed in of preserving the works of art for dian, Greek and Greco-Buddhist art richest lost cities yet found in the Paris region, with the most future generations, The object objects were found. Cuins of the East. The good season for explora- France.
work has now! found, it has been proved date from ancient kingdoms that had reigned tlon is short, and the 1st century, BC. Begrain was in the region were found among the ceased for this year. The delegation] The Institute's farm is located Just outside Puris in the village of plans to continue next year. unce
MOSL important caravan variety of artistic objects.
Saint-Cyr. also site of France's centre, lying on routra which linked
The French delegation has been
Aided constantly by the Afghan West Point. It is composed of about Greece, Asia, India and Arabia, all!
rabin all at work in this region for more than government, many of the petalen 750 acres, and produces about 54,000 The centres of the then
The oficial delegation covered this summer will be quarts of milk and between 60,000 world.
was established shortly after 1922, w the Afghan capital. Part when the Afghan government gave them, however, will be brought to and 70,000 eggs each year, France the concession for archeologie Paris and placed on exhibition this research. Mr. and Mrs. Hackin have winter.
a
What is particularly important in the discovery is that this is the farthest northern point yet found
three years.
BIG PENAL
IN
NEW
REFORMS
BILL
Science And
Sentences To Fit Future
Offender
Instead Of Crime
Big penal reforms are to be introduced by Sir Samuel Hoare, the Home Secretary, in a new Bill in the House Commons this session.
Important clauses will provide for the abolition "penal servitude" as it is known to-day and for abolition of the present "ticket-of-leave" system.
of
of
the
Designed primarily to deal with the problem of persistent offenders, who form two-thirds of the total prison population, the Bill is being framed on recognition of the fact that the bulk of offenders are neither reformed nor deterred by the present penal and prison system.
́FITTING THE OFFENDER
The now Bill aims al:
Making the sentence At the
offender rather than the crime.
Fitting offenders by training and treatment to take a useful and normal place in secisty after their release.
It also provides for a new system or release on licence for prisoners who respond to the methods of treat- ment and show signs that they will abstain from crime in the future.
NEW SENTENCES Following closely on the lines ro commended by
the
|administration..
Warfare
PROF. HALDANE'S LECTURE
London, Del. 18.
of
MODEL FARM as VITAL LINK
It
Most important use of the form is providing food for patients in the Pasteur Hospital and feeding the numerous animals needed for experiments and the production of varlous serums. It is a rationalized farm, using all the latest methods of agriculture perfected in the United Slates and Russia. There are 20 horses, 80 caws, 33 heifers, two bulls, 300 leghorn chickens, and hundreds of mice and guinea pigs.
ANIMAL LIFE LUXURIOUS All these are animals of leisure. All the work on the productive side of the farm is done by one horse and two tractors. The others cat, produce. egns, milk and serum or just wolt to be obfects of experiments.
Feeding is placed on A strictly rationed diet. None of the animals leaves ils cage er stall, a balanced diet furnishing "all" the vitamins necessary to replace sunlight, Once in a white the cows, chickens und horses get a vaention in the felts.
Their lodgings ure equiped with the latest devices, being lenned automatically by inoving floors. Food is mixed before feelin
the
Professor Haldane in a lecture on chickens even being fed with muc- "Science and Future Warfare" at the keret liver oil. One Royal United Service Institution
hundred and
this week declared that among the eighty of the prize layers watch their romantic nations of future wars was CHS roll down an inclined chute into the lies that explosives very much padded baskel before their cages worse than any at present known every time they would be used. This was pretty fair)
The hen house is even equipped nonsense, for he did not think it with special lighting to induce the possible to get explosives much more thickens to lay overtime, Experi-
nents have shown, Nor
however, that lights can only be used in the early
efficient than they were now.
thin red, was the antiosel morning, as the cocks refuse to
the next few centuries blowing up the world with bombs releasing artificial radio-activity of which Mr. II. G. Wells had written. to Other cherished ideas which the Professor
dispelled centred
terrible new gases; warfare carried with the aid of microbes: and the
by
to sleep unless they can watch shutting off the lights used to lead twilight come gradually. Abruptly pandemonium in the oops, us none of the chickens could get on their perches for the
night. More- over, the cooks would set up an i fernal crowing and keep the entire. farm awake.
When
heaviest laying period they under- the chickens paeg the
totul destruction of London neroplanes. It was possible,
hej pointed out, that we had not yet CHICKENS CLOSELY GRADED exhausted the full list of poisonous min prisons will be allocated volatile compounds, but he did not solely for "detention" and "prolong-belleve in the probability of any- ed detention" offenders and some of thing much worse than mustard gas the prisons which have been closed' belyg produced. It
worth within recent years may be opened to noting that mustard gas was known to into the soup-pot. provide the necessary accommodation, and fully described in 1880, and that
Training establishments will be set nothing worse was discovered
AVER
o tells to see if they are "perfect" for breeding purposes.
If no, they
The mice and guinea pigs are be-destined exclusively for experiments.
RADIO BROADCAST
Relay of the Hongkong
Hotel Orchestra
CHILDREN'S CONCERT
Radio Programme Broadcast by Z.B.W. on Wavelengths of 355, metrez: (845 .c's) 31.49 metres (0.52 m.c's);
H.K.T.
12-12.20 p.m. Relay of Special Service from St. John's Cathedral.
13.30 Elleen Joyce at the Plano, Menuetto Scherzando (Staven- hugen); Si Oiseau J'Etais, A Toi Je Volerals (Bird Study-Hénselt); En Route (Concert Study-Palmgren); La Danse D'Olaf (from 'Deux Lun- alres Pick-Manglugoli),
12.42 Richard Tauber (Tenor). Love Lost For Ever More; Once There Lived A Lady Fair (8lm 'Blossom Time'--Clutsam).
12.48 Orchestra Mascóite. Donauwellen-Waltz (Ivanovici— urr. Gotz Holme); Greetings To Vienna-Waltz (Slede); Golden Rain Weltz; Sweetest: Of All-Waltz (Waldieufel),
1 Time and Weather.
1.03 Edward German,Selections.
Merrle
England'-Dances;
(U)
Rustic Dance; (b) Jig; (c) Hornpipe: (d) Minuet. .Orchestre Hay- monde; Waltz Song....Helene Esser- man (Soprano),
Three Dances From Nell Gwyn; (u) Country Dance; (b) Pastoral Dance; (c) Merrymakers' Dance.......... Bournemouth Municipal Orchestra,
1.20 Songn by Heddle Nash (Tenor).
The Bloom Is On The Rye (Fitzball and Sir D. Bishop-art. Moore); Bonnie Mary Of Argyle (Traditional) ...with Gerald Moore at the Plano; Drink To Me Only With Thine Eyes....with Hubert Eisdell, Dennis Noble and Norman Allin.
1.30 Reater and Rugby Press; Weather and Announcements.
1.40 Chopin Concerto No. 1 In E Minor, Op. 11.
Played by Arthur Rubinstein and the London Symphony Orchestra conducted by John Burbirolli.
2.15 Close Down.
8.03-11 p.m.
Chinese Programme.
5 Relay of the Dance Orchestra from the Roof-Garden of the long- kong Hotel.
It's Swell of You; 2. An Excuse for Dancing; 3. Melody for
Two: 4. Jam Sessions.
5.15 Interval of recorded dance music from Z.B.W.
5.20 5. Tain't Goód; '0. The Bir Apple; 7. Whatcha Gonna do when there
here Aint no Swing?; 8. Slap that Buss.
5.35 Interval of recorded dance music ZB.W.
5.45 9. By the River Seine; 10. Working our Way thru College: 11. Penthouse on 3rd Avenue; 12. I Never Knew.
G Studio Children's Concert, 6.45 Sen Shanties.
The Sailor Likes His Bottle-0; Clear The Track, Let The Bullgine Run; Sally Brown; Hanging Johnny; Whisky Johnny: Blow The Man Down; Tom's Gone To Hilo (Arr. Terry),dolu-Guss (Baritone)-and- the Cathedral Male Voice Quartet.
6.55 Excerpts from Grand Opera. "The Bartered Bride'-Overture State Opera
(Smetana)ondila · Arm-
na
Orchestra; onia (Puccini); Rigoletto-La Don-
E Mobile (Verdi)....Jussi Bjor ling (Tenor); Domration of Faust- Minuet Of The O' The Wisps (Ber- Hoz) Hungarian March. ..Serge Koussevitzky and the Boston Sym- phony Orchestra.
7.15 London Relay Sportsmen Talking': H, W. Austin.
7.30 Closing local Stocic Quota-
tions and Hongicong Exchange Market
Report.
7.35 Variety.
Male Volecs Gongo Lullaby (Alm 'Sanders of the River'); Love Me A Little To-day (Herbert and Brod- szky)....Comedy Harmonists: Or- chestra W. Organ-A Day At The Races-Selectlon; The Gold Diggers of 1037-Selection....Anton and The Paramount Theatre Orchestra, Lon- don; Al Bollington at the Organ; Novelty-The Naughty Nineties; (a) London; (b) Romance....Old Timers Sketch Company with Fred Hartley's Quintet: Orchestral-Hello Black- pool-Medley....Jay Wilbur and Hls Band.
а Time, Weather and Announce. ments,
8.03 Chinese Programme Studlo Concert.
11 Close Down. in these "detention" centres where tween that date and 1917, when it The guinea ples must have a speelne up m
8,05-11 p.m. European Programme methods of treatment similar to those was first used in the war.
weight, according to the use to which from ZEK, On. a Frequency of 640 tried at Wakefield and Chelmsford Then there was the big bogey of they are to be put. The mice must Kilocycles, will be used and principles which microbie warfare. He was doubtful weigh beween 16 and 20 grams, 8.05 Variety. underlic the Borstel system will be at the moment whether any method Both are fed
Vocal-The spectally prepared
Chocolate Soldier- opplled as far as possible to older of attack by disense germs would be sausage and dieted to keep then in Vocal Gems (Strange and O. Strauss) offenders.
anything like us efficient as high trim. Nevertheless they manage 10
The
Columbla Light Орега The experiment of "Labour explosives. It was possible that cat 60 tons of food each year. Food Company; Vocal and Plano-When live an pneumonie plague might be spread for the entile is also specially mixed The Popples Bloom Again (Towers, |_ camps" whero prisonėra Departmental
open-air life and sleep in hats with by aeroplanes, but the process was und stored in the farm's three silos. Morrow and Pelosi); I Want The
Farm-hands are taken from the a minimum of prison atmosphere more difficult than it sounded,
Whole' World To Love You (Bryan' In regard to be extended.
and bombing London, district and specially trained. They
Marks)
Lnyton;. .Turner will
H'oi'les..... Humorous-Digging that the Bill will proyide for two new ment of prisoners will be tried on braid on London in which an enemy hours a day in the maximum - It is likely that psychological trent-Professor Haldane said that an air work only six days a week and ten
Flanagan and Alien; Novelty-Car- roll Gibbons Birthday Party; Host: staked a big fraction of his Air Force mer-month days. In the winter they
Carroll Gibbons; Guests: Stanley might result in the killing of 50,000 have more time off, but their salaries
Care fixed. people, wich was as manurin mers is ligh, for they look on the Albert Sandler; Turner Layton; Nor-
The waiting list of far-
Allen; Holloway; Flanagan and In London during epidemic of 1918-19. He di not farm as a sinecure.
man Long: Raymond Newell: Mario believe that millions would be killed.
Lorenzi; Scott Wood and His Six Swingers.
Committee on Persistent Offenders which was set up by Mr. J. R. Clynes and reported in 1932, it is anticipated
forms of sentence:
Detention for a period of not less large acale. than two years and not more than
Artangements for the after-cure and reabsorption into industry of dis- four years.
charged prisoners are also under con- sideration.
Prolored detention ranging be tween five and ten years. Powers will be given to the Courts to administer these schlences in lleu of imprisonment or penal servitude.
Sentences of "Prolonged detention" will be, administered where there have been at least three previous con- victions.
Snake Pays Gaol Visit
the
the
It had been pointed out that ten tons would be the improvement of of gas would render the atmosphere existing technique of fighting, the poisonous over an area of several aquare miles if rightly distributed. countering of new methods, and the invention of now methoda, the It was also trus that one ton of Jefferson, Q.
bullets would kill the entire British devising of novel methods of passive Perlings because it was cold, or Army If rightly aimed, but it was not methods
defence against relatively old maylap only wanting company,
of warfore. As regards likely that a hostile air force would possibilities, insect pests might be tiny garden snake wiggled its way be able to drop bombs exactly where introduced and it was These penal reforma" will lead into the county goal here to cause it wished, to equally far-reaching reforms in the consternation
convèlvable Until released-out- system of prison management and side.
also that viruses' such Finally he said the real functions could be used as a weapon but he was as minipox of the scientists in
a future
war very scepticut as to their success.
SPECIAL PRISONS
j
8:34 Songs by Yessio Matthews. Three, Wishes; Let. Me Give My Hoppiness To You (lm 'The Good Companions); Slipping Through My Fingers (from 'It's love again').
8.44 Light Orchestral. Hungarion March Potpourri (Pecal- Prichystall....George Boulanger and Orchestra: Hassan-Serenade (Dellus); None But The Weary Heart (Tschaikowsky)........... Albert Sandler (Continued on Page 5.)
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