THE HONGKONG TelegraPII, TUESDAY, JULY 13, 1937.
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Hongkong Telegraph.
TUESDAY, JULY 13, 1937.
SINO-JAPANESE CONFLICT
or
Whatever the rights wrongs of the Sino-Japanese clash in North China, the situa- tion is one which, unless care- fully handled, may well have the most serious consequences to the general peace of the Far East. There have been varying versions of the actual cause of the resort to hostilities. The original Japanese claim was that whilst manoeuvres were being carried out, Japanese troops were subjected to machine-gun fire from Chinese pill-box. Then there was a Chinese story that the Japanese attacked
· Chinese troops when the latter refused to withdraw from
B
Zill
Was
area which the Japanese desired to convert into an aerodrome. Another version is that during the manoeuvres a shot heard and when the Japanese roll-call was ordered it found that one of their men was missing, whereupon the Japan-
demanded the right
ese
Was
to
I
SAVAGES Are NOT So UNCIVILISED
by
Jock Marshall
"AM an Australian, and I have never been in England before. I have come straight from Journey of scientific exploration in New Guinea, the big island lying at the top of Australia, where men still cut down trees with stone axes.
Within a few weeks I have been transported from a prehistorie" jungle to the biggest city in the civilised world.
When I look into things. I'm not loo sure about that wordelvilised." I doubt whether, after all, my black companions are really so "savage" and you elvilised people are basically better or happler than they. Where your ways differ, I'm none too sure yours are best.
So let me put myself in the place of the savage, and compare his life ins I have shared it on my expedi- tions) with yours.
You all have your pet cures for Indigestion; laxatives, nerve-tonles and health-restorers. You make yourselves by faulty feeding: those of you who live in towns take little exercise. fall out of health, and spend a king's ransom trying to get well again.
We know no such worries. We cat an abundance from the well- balanced diet of our ancestors. Our very mode of existence ensures that We take a proper amount of exer- cise, with the result that we never suffer from indigestion, never have bad teeth. Most of us are of splen- did physique,
T
10 our primitive women. childbirth is but an In- cident, Again, correct exercise, suitable food and plenty of sunlight keep them safe.
Our puerperal mortality rate is negligible; the dusky Jungle woman runs infinitely less risk than the civilised woman,
But, of course, it is only com- paratively few "civilised" women who can obtain the best attention that science and money can supply. Here again our savage system differs.
Everybody in a primitive Jungle .community eats much the same sort of food and the same amount.
Our houses are Identical, too; the idea of one man owning a belter house because he owned more property would be laughed to scorn in any healthy primitive community. Every house is warm, and keeps out the rain; and this Is considered sumclent. Every home contains much the same sort of things-enough of everything necessary and very little of any- thing that isn't.
Our women work in the gardens, while we men hunt in the forests, Sweet potatoes, muts and fruft,
"Untutored in politics, never dreaming that such a thing ex-
havo ists, wo
a system of living that, navor fails."
yama and taro, sago from the heart of the sago palm, meat and fish from the Jungle.
Everyone has plenty to cat, ex- cept in the extremely rare occa- stons of crop fallure" time be- long hungry." we call it and then every person in the comTM munity has as little to cat as his neighbour.
There is n communal belt- tightening, and the bush is scoured as never before.
The economic shape of our life is something very like Socialism; · In fact, if it's not that I don't know what it is.
Untutored In politics, ПСУСЕ dreaming that Buch 0 thing exists, we have a system of living which never falls. One for all, all for one is our creed, and WC stick to it.
Oc
UR villages are run on communal lines. our gardens are communal, and altogether my crude cannibal friends provide an object lesson in living which you could very well learn.
The sight of a responsible Eura- pean concern dumping hundreds of cases of fruit into the sen, or burning coffee by the ton, would fill us with horror, and we should entertain grave doubts of your sanity,
The spectacle of American farmers ploughing back into the
DEATH IN THE MACHINE
A COMPARISON BY
"AN OLD STAGER"
obtain reliable official statistics showing how we in Britain compare with first-class foreign countries in the matter of safety on the roads.
This Information, which seems to me to have vital interest, has been interval of six extremely difficult to come by. But at length, after an months, I have managed to get ap- proximately what I wanted through our most courteous foreign Embassies. The foreign countries I selected were the United States, France, Ger- many, and Italy, as I took those to be the nearest to ourselves in social
purest conditions.
enter the Chinese defence area) and to search the city of Wang- ping, a procedure which the Chinese resisted. In the mul tiplicity of accounts, the truth is hard to discover. There seems little doubt, however, that the Japanese, with covetous eyes on North China, have long wished to see the 29th Army, one of the biggest and most efficient in China, to be forced out of its FOR some months I have tried to present sphere. Friction he-
this Army tween
and the Japanese forces Was always liable to lead to trouble-and. as past experience has shown, "incidenta" are easily created. But whatever the precise act which created the present trouble, it will be conceded that the presence of large numbers of Japanese troops on Chinese soil, and the practice of carrying out manoeuvres over extensive areas close to Chinese defence regions, must produce irritation, if t does not actually invite trouble. That danger is all the more emphasised when Japan's policies in North China are borne in mind. What the upshot of the present trouble will be remains to be seen. Nanking's attitude. has not been too clearly defined; Marshal Chiang Kai-shek has Return: £76. been silent so far. But it is
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clear that China as a whole is in no mood to make undue con- ccasions to Japan. Popular sentiment is all in favour of re- P. & O. Building sistance to any further encroach- NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA ment on China's sovereignty. Much has been made in recent 'King's 'Building
times, by Japanese spokesmen, of Japan's peaceful intentions towards China. Unfortunately, the latest developments would appear to belle the sincerity of those declarations; unless it is, once again, a case of the military taking the law into their own
COUNT THE "TELEGRAPHS" EVERYWHERE
The figures are extremely interest- Ing. In the case of America, the home and cradle of the automobile, where even tramps run their own cars, the death-roll on the roads in 1934 totalled 36,101, and 37,000 in This works out in the latter 1835. ense at 20 per hundred thousand of the population and 144.5 per hundred thousand cars on the roads.
almost
earth fruitful crops, and wastefully slaughtering, at the beliest of econ- omists. thousands of pigs, would render us speechless.
In Melanesia, in Darkest Africa, In the centre of Australia; in fact. in every primitive society, an over- abundance of food is the signal for a grand communal distribution among the people. Great cere- monial feasts, great joy-making by everybody.
And
N, civilised communities men's clothing is ali wrong. Your women, perhaps, wear sensible clothes, but even in the heat of summer your inen wear heavy sulls more de- signed for a polar winter. men's suits are unwashable, they harbour dirt and "lease germs.
My New Quinen savage friends wear just enough, and not a single man or woman wears a stitch more. There clothes do not make the man; in fact, a shirt or even a strip of the white man's callco ac- tually detracts from his appear- ance.
The women move with an irre- slatible race in short Abre string skirts, threaded with pretty blue bead-seeds or stained with native pigments.
In ornamentation, they arc Their superior to white women. comparative lack of clothing pro- vides them with an excuse to wear bangles. wristbands. earrings, decorative combs, and flowers in their hulr.
They paint their faces rather than their lips. They do not paint their finger-nails, but. many of them palut their teeth. They do not paint their toenails, but they pluck their eyebrows and shave their bodies.
M
Quinca.
ARRIAGE is a much saner and simpler busi- ness with us in New If a boy wishes to marry
a girl he makes her a present and If it is accepted he makes more presents to her people. A date is set, more reciprocal gift-making Lakes place, and she goes to live
which he in the home prepared.
has
If after a certain-time the mar- riage is not a success, the gifts are returned and she goes to live with
much nicer than Mr. Hore-Belisha's} brutal "mass murder," for example. AMERICA WORST
her people or somebody else. Her value is not depreciated; no doubt her next marriage will be an un- qualified success.
The idea of one of the wise old men of the tribe having the un- speakable audacity to set her value down the equivalent of one farthing would strike the aver- age healthy-minded native as be- ing too screamingly funny for words. He would not understand.
We have our superstitions, of course. Every civilised" Euro- pean laughs at savage customs, primitive superstitions.
But tons of salt are thrown over English left shoulders every year; boots are worn out making tours. around ladders, and countless holes are worn in pockets with
A short time ago lucky stones."
in England I met a seemingly normal person who told me that he would never have any luck be- cause he once ran over a China- man in New York!
Y
OU laugh at stories of the incredible powers of native sorcerers and medielne meu, but any honest English doctor will admit that In many cases the medicines he ad- ministers have no real effect. The rest is psychological encourage- ment coupled with the fact that about seventy per cent. of people get well naturally!
In England, herbal and spiritual "healers
establish vest reputa- tlons and make much money- from the ills and superstitions of their fellows.TM
In this they are little different from our native sorcerer with his
magic."
In fact in all matters right up to religion Itself savage to is "one plece," a communal pattern made up of the whole tribe.
And the whole system really works to protect all its members. If a "bad-hat" among my stone- age companions wants to cheat a friend out of the possession of his taro-patch he knows the penalties and runs the risk of them; he does not expect to get away with it by saying, "Business is Business," and appealing to his men of the fellow tribesmen as world." Their world is not like thati
This
ካ Is monstrous price. for civilisation to pay for miracle of the internal combustion engine, even abilities and 1,150,000 temporary dis-
without reckoning any flying casual- The total economic loss to
lies in the butcher's bill. Humanity abilities. the nation from these deaths and in-
Finally, we come to Germany.
its dearly for
mechanical pay Juries, together with the property Here the figures cover twelve months, triumphs. The question arises whe- damage loss, amounted to 1,580,000,- one quarter of which was in 1935 and ther, apart from actual physical and 000 dollars. So, apart from loss of the three other quarters in 1936. material hurt, we may not be sus- life and injuries, road casualties cost
Our own #gures are, of course, taining other even more serlous in- America three years ago about £300,- DG0,000 sterling. That information Casily ascertainable. In 1935, since jury,
the totals have appreciably in- comes from the extremely prompt creased, we had 0.502 deaths on our DULLED CONSCIENCES and obliging U.S.A. Embassy in Lon-
Injury don, and may therefore be accepted as strictly accurate,
A 'CAREFUL ANALYSIS
when
roads
street
and 221,720
cases. I
may mention incidentally that in 1885 Just as Polonius said that borrow- in London 1,113 people wer: killed ning dulled the edge of husbandary, accidents. The latest year may not automobillan be dulling the available in the case of Paris is 1930, edge of Christian conscience? When when there were 303 deaths in the one reflects what a tremendous ado streets due to trafle secidents. In the civilised nations have made about cfforts and its Berlin in 1933 the street deaths total- the League of Nations, with
led 487, and injury cases over 10,000, to avert war, and how utterly indif
ferent the world in general shows it- The returns show a steady upward self on the subject of the road
holo- tendency in Germany, as generally
and deaths numbered caust, there is certainly a strong in- elsewhere.
ference that the public conscience is 0.059, as galast 171,010 cases of in- not responsive to anything but the jury.
more spectacular forms of human
In the case of France, the figures are much less startling, as one would expect, despite the ferocity which Paris taximen career around on what to us seems the wrong side of the street.
For the latest year in which official statistics are available, which is ingo, the deaths numbered 3,016, and the injured 20,230. The French re- It will be seen, therefore, that, tak slaughter. turn makes no bones about it, but ing population into account, the worst But it is futile to kick against the frankly attributes the deaths in 2,425 statistics by far are those from Ame carburetters. One of the truismnt of I believe there has been a marked ens
cnses to
to the drivers
concerned. Ex-rica, and the best those returned by mortal existence is that there is no upward move in the ensualties in ceeding the
the speed limit
France. But there is, on the fatest setting buck the clock except for U.S.A. since 1935, but I prefer to
of the average, probably not much in it as Summer Time. We shall go on with stick to official figures. All I have to
830 deaths, rion-obser, Decounts for Inw for $79, careless driving for 406,
between France, Germany, and our-this massacre of the innocents upon go upon for the more recent years is but drunkenness for only 45. It will selves, especially if we take into con- the public highways unill it occurs to what the American papers have pub- be seen that apparently the French sideration the fact that we are, next somebody to discover some selentifle lished, and that may not be quite so authorities make a much more care-
to America, the most car-minded remedy for the grievous ill to which reliable. The last year's return, ar-
ful analysis of their road casualties country.
mankind was certainly not heir. But what a tragle waste of life and than we do here. cording to that source, was actually
The ancients said that the price of 90,000 dead. That seems an
The Italian figures are peculiar in destruction of limb these united re-liberty was eternal vigilance. For incredible increase in two years.
one respect. They reveal n
turns show us the result of modern the moderns the price of life is be In addition to the 36,000 deaths insulerable decline, both
in fatal ac-
transport developments. On the coming increasingly eternal circum- U.S.A. in 1934-the additional Incidents and injuries on the roads, for most conservative estimate at least spection. A whole generation ha formation for 1935 is not available-- 1938 as compared with 1036. Deaths 00,000 or 70,000 people are being done arisen which is under the necessity there were 105,000 permanent dis- In the latter year totalled 3,643 and to death every year in U.S.A., France, of walking delicately as Agog.
injuries 45.300. as compared with Italy, Germany, and Britain alone. To adapt a familiar old war-time 2,320 and 31,354 respectively in 1936. What the ghastly harvest may be for slogan of the training camps, there I observe, by the way, that the the whole world, one can only hazard are only two categories of people..... talian meint returns describe rond 000 we should probably be well with- course, those who were either just
rough guess. If we put it at 150,- the quick victims under the diplomatic category in the actual facis. Added to this not quite quick enough, or just not of "persone Infortunate," seems a useful hint for our own there are the immensely larger re- quite dead, but have landed all the Transport Ministry officials. There turns of road casualties which are not sume in hospital casualty wards. is nothing like tactful handling of fatal, but in a proportion of cases at When one dispassionately counts the such a controversial business as road all events may in human suffering cost, one must needs wonder whether casualties. "Persone infortunate" is and waste be even worse.
the game is worth the sparking plug.
hands and then relying on Government recognition of the fait accompli. In any event, it is obvious that the Government is at one with the military now that matters, have come to head.
Д
сола
and the dead, plus, of