10
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. FRIDAY. APRIL
1937.
SHAKESPEARE
Man of Mystery
HAKESPEARE pre- sents what is probably the greatest enigma of personality in literary Avon, history.
the
By MAURICE LEWIS
killer of cattle, af Stratford-on-
William was baptised on April 20, 1564. He was the third of a family of eight four boys and four girls.
There is no evidence of his enter- ing or leaving school, and his life all the authenticated facts of his presents n blank wall to the historian
until his eighteenth year, private life.
Five
lines of type In "Telegraph would suffice to give
The date of his birth and the Then two strange events are re- house in which he was born are corded. alike unknown, and there record of his marriage to
Hathaway.
**
EVERY
*
يلو
no
Anne
VERY possible channel han been explored for u scrap of the writings of the greatest drain- atlst, who wrote so cuplously.
The records of Stratford and all the neighbouring villages have been sifted; the Record Office and the State popers have been ransacked; but the sum total of all these efforts in five, or maybe six, strangely dit-
signatures, variously spelt. fering
Shakespeare,
A minor,
forced to break his pledge with the
malden of his choice, and War
compelled to link his future with Anne Hathaway, his senior by eight years. The sequel reveals why. There is record of a marriage
no
nonths later, ceremony, but six
Anne Hathaway, now Mrs. Shake- speure, gave birth to a girl, who was christened Susanna. Two years Under the dute November 27, 1502, later twins were born,
Hamnet fund the Bishop of Worcester's register Judith. Thereafter, the curtain of reveals that a Beence was Issued secrecy falls again to hide the poet, authorising the matrimonial union of for from the baptism of the twins William Shakespeare and "Annam until 1502-seven years later-there Whiteley," of Temple Grafton,
is no contemporary reference to him.
Martin Droeshout's Portrait of Shakespeare
1930.
A puzzling development swiftly
testimony The slender
that we followed,
wed, which has baffled Shake- have suggests that Shakespeare's spearian commentatora to this day,
married Was unhappy.
He was Within twenty-four hours of the forced into a distasteful union with
than himself. older granting of the marriage licence, a woman much another
entry was made In the By his will every known item that nellaame register concerning the he possessed is disposed of, but with
marriage of proposed
William the exception of his "second-best.
the Record Office as late as May Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway, bed," which was added as an after- fair man named "Will." younger than of Shottery.
thought to the first draft, nothing is himself and of high social standing,
Mr. Frank Marcham was engaged left to his wife and there is no other who dominated his life. In these he
promises that through his verse bis in search through the calendar of mention of her name.
friend shall gain immortality, Chancery cases when by sheer chance
across the signatures The remainder, with the exception he came
Hall and Thomas Nash, of the last two, are written to the Susanna
Now Susanna lady.
WAY Shakespeare's whole of his dramatic dark.
The carlier sonnets to his mistress eldest daughter, who married John work was produced within two decades, between the
playful note, but the latter Hall, a strike a ages of
Thomas Nash was twenty-seven and forty-seven, at ones are a cry of tortured passion.
The woman "colour'd ill" who had her son-in-law,
the first husband of the rale of two plays a year, cach
and his her only daughter, Elizabeth, supreme achievement of the cast, her snares over him Playwright's art. And this period friend is a wanton, and he is fors-
a greater mystery than worn in loving her.
Three of these are appended to This latter entry holds many pecu- his will, two are found on docu- bar features. It was in the form of to the purchase of a deed, signed by Fulk Sandells and ments relating to
house in Blackfriars, and a pos- John Richardson, two farmers from
sixth is on deposition con- nected with a lawsuit,
sible
The only
Jetler
addressed
to
the loan of
Shakespeare that has been discover-
ed is one
£30.
requesting
Two Strange
Events
Two fully authenticated likenesses of Shakespeare are in existence. The first is the coloured half-length statue of him in Holy Trinity Church,
TO-DAY
is
SHAKESPEARE'S DAY ST. GEORGE'S DAY ZEEBRUGGE DAY YPRES DAY
50
*
苦
T is assumed that the IT
all the rest.
Yet Shakespeare himself has left a clue that one day may help to solve these baffling problems. The of sonnets supply the key to his per-
miny
he
■
1
*
* WHEN, if ever, will this
enigma be solved?
in
of
Warwician of some reputatlon
The document to which their sign- atures are appended records how balliffs burst open the study of Shakespeare's house at Stratford-on- Avon after his death, and took away boxes and books under a judgment for £77.
E:
*
Many men have been put forward
* sonal drama, and the major portion as the original of Mr. W. H., "the at Stratford, crecled a few years
of his dramalle work. For in them unlie begetter" of the sonnets.
ERE is room indeed for after
ter his death; and the other is the
Is buried the secret of his two loves, The most probable person to Ink
astonishment and wonder- copperplate engraving by Martin the neighbouring village of Sholtery, which Droeshout.
and friends of Anne Hathaway's which fanned the fires by whose heat to the sonnets is William Herbert,
the young Earl of Pembroke; and ing conjecture. were wrought his high tragedies.
First, this is the only unquestioned This engraving was used in the father.
There is no question that his dark Shakespeare's dark mistress can then The document makes it clear that
mistress whom First Follo, which was published in
for none is books, verged on hate is a maid of honour to Queen Elizabeth, possessed any 1823. seven
years after the poet's the bishop was dublous about grant that at times loved with a love be easily identified us Mary Fitton, record of the fact that Shakespeare death.
ing the second licence, for under the
and his Love"; hus been strongly stressed by those The artist Droeshout was only deads Sandells and Richardson were black beauty with her "false-speak- Such was Frank Harris' theory in his mentioned in his will, a point that
big ng tongue, her "proud heart" and play "Shakespeare Afteen years of age when Shake bound by sureties of £40 each-a big her disdain-was the mainspring of and G. B. Shaw utilised the same who maintain that Shakespeare was speare died, and his work was al-un in those days-te shoulder any his later dragnas of passion, Who Idea, in his. Inter most certainly not a direct portrait. legal responsibilities that might arise: was slie? But the bust and engraving are It was feared, apparently, that the staringly at variance,
*
*
WHAT, then, is known with certainly about this stu-
pendous genius?
His father was John Shakespeare, #love-maker and cornchandler, and possibly also a small farmer and
it
union of William Shakespeare and Sonnets To Anne Hathaway might be challenged
and its validity threatened by the
disclosure of a lawful Impediment The "Dark Lady" by reason of pre-contract.","
The sonnels arc stencil-clear A hasty marriage, too, was aimed utobiography. There are 154 of at, "with once asking of the bannes them inked one to another in a re- between them."
velatory sequence of netion.
Of course, the truth is obvious.
The first 126 are addressed to
The things that make people tired
Lady of the Sonnery, "The Dark not the author of the plays which
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carry his name.
A very strange elreumstance which A great deal is known of Mistress Fitton, and from this knowledge she calls for explanation is that Susanna appears as the very embodiment of Hall did not pay this debt of £77. fascinator. She Her father died a wealthy man, and Shakespeare's false
INTERCHANGEABLE› RETURN TICKETS with the Dollar Lincs was gay, daring and vivacious, and the bulk of the property was willed
to her. popular with all at Court.
that on very favourable conditions. scarcely probable In 1600
Il seems Wiis mold of honour
Shakespeare's favourite married to the son of the Eart of Susanna, Worcester, and Queen Elizabeth com- daughter, should have held her a manded special celebrations, attend- father's memory in so little respect ដង the festivities in person. On that that the deliberately refrained from occasion, Mary Fitton was the cen- paying one of his debts, choosing rather to meet It by handing over tre of
of attraction.
strong The
ung Earl of Pembroke was books that must have held charmed with her, and shortly after paternal associations.
incident carries
the she became his mistress.
-THEY'RE NOT AS OBVIOUS AS YOU'D THINK
T
feel tired at the end of the day.
The Queen was furious, and at elements of mystery.
It supplies, indeed, an additional first threatened them both with
speculation picturesque
for the imprisonment-The-young-earl Baconians and others who believe a dummy
"utterly renounced all marriage." and was sent to the Fleet Prison figure, hiding some great unknown,
Shakespeare to be but for correction, Mistress Fitton being who was the true author of the
dismissed from the Court.
poems and plays.
*
HER
THE aim of employers is to reduce fatigue in all methods of work, not merely out of regard towards night you may be suffering from "Timon of Athens," and "King Lear which has always puzzled the com-
!
tinual stimulation
con-
•
*
#
*:
authors
Ifer subsequent progress would bring a blush to the checks of even the most emancipated of modern ITERE is the reason, they young women. There was always
might argue, why the con- some scandal attached to her name. temporary evidence linking up Such, then, was the character of Shakespeare of Stratford-on-Avon the dark lady who, together with with the author of the plays is so "Mr. W. H." for eleven long years astonishingly meagre, shook the heart of Shakespeare, and They might maintain, too, that In that progress tore out of his being this incident of the removal of boxes
for those plays of fierce mental conflict, and books accounts 4 strange fact "Othello," "Hamlet," "Macbeth, When you leave your work each
mentators: that while the nors contemporary with Shakespeare have physical fatigue through the
most of them left holograph speci- of your body
addition to employees but because it is the means of reaching a
THE mystery of Shakespeare mens of their work, in muscles. This is a healthy fatigue
in relation to his unknown letters and documents, of Shake- and not dangerous. greater output.
Mental i fatigue, resulting from con- loves, and their significant influence speare's actual writing-although he Girls folding handkerchiefs proved least tired when they folded.
theory. But of his time there are only these few for five minutes and rested one minute; men shifting 921b. weights un brain-work, is a more harmful on his dramatic genius, is elucidated was one of the most copious authors
fatigue as it involves no physical at all points by this were least tired when they rested for three minutes after each activity and accompanying stimula will certain proof ever be furnished disputed signatures.
to give to it.historical substance? The implication might be currled tion of circulation. twelve minutes' work.
Brain-workers should be parti- Perhaps even now there may lie further still, and a pertinent query cularly interested in physical exercise in some obscure corner of English formulated. and athletics in their leisure time.
Was the bailiffs' execution 'put a few love letters, a portrait with Most harmful fatigue of all is an inscription, a legal deed or diary into effect as a demand for the pay- emotional fatigue, due to unsuit-of three centuries ago, which may ment of a genuine debt, they might yet dissipate the impenetrable fog usk, er was this a method adopted, ability to your job.
People of high Intelligence engaged which envelops the personality of our with or without Susanna's cogni- in routine work; energetic, vivacious greatest Englishman.
sance, of withdrawing from the world people doing jobs which require a Some colour is given to this hope a collection of books and writings of steadier temperament; slow brains by a manuscript treasure that was great importance to some hidden in- doing work which should be handled!
unexpectedly brought to light at tercats? by quick brains-all these people are
Environment has a marked effect on work. Lighting, heating, temperature, noise-all help to reduce output and rob industry.
In heavy work it has been noted that output is higher in winter than summer. In places where there was good artificial ventilation the drop has been 3 per cent.; in places with poor artificial ventila- tion the drop has been as much as 13 per cent. Mild weather helps work
liable to extra fatigue.
THE best temperature to work in has been proved to be
68 deg. F. Mild months, April and October especially, Change the job' have been found most conducive to efficiency both in mental and physical effort.
་
REPETITIVE work is Isponsible for
re-
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.
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Above 68 deg. F. brain and muscles suffer fatigue, as the blood lation of lactic acid in the steadily
used muscles. Lactic acid supply is utilised in cooling the skin. Sickness becomes more pre- fatigue, valent then.
For this reason some employers British Steamers: have given workers alternate jobs at Accidents increase, too. Minor accidents occur least when the half-hour intervals, so that they use temperature la 68 deg. F. In a city bank, the clerks made 50. per different groups of muscles. Result cent. more errors when the day's temperature was 90 deg. F. than fatigue has lessened; output has in-
creased. when it was 68 deg. F.
Below that figure much the same symptoms occur as above it Good leaders wanted and you begin to experience cold.
poor supervision aids fatigue. The chief, who On an average good lighting increases output by 15 per cent.
does nothing but reprimand when Fatigue is reduced through the simple reason that one-fifth of your mistakes occur can arouse bitter re- energy is used up merely in seeing, and bad lighting makes the job sentment or depression. Such tem
Deramental
Inevitably disturbance harder, consequently demanding more energy.
leads to fatigue.
Foremen, supervisors, managers all who are in the position of organising and controlling, should be sound judges of human nature.
So classes are run to-day in many
Nolse affects the nerves, uses up cerit., and the speedier the typist the energy, and makes you tired. Typists more her work suffered. were tested in a sound-proofed room,
then tested in an ordinary office, Why you feel tired
Under the holster conditions they
used 19 per cent. more energy. The
YOUR
YOUR attitude towards your arms in which special training is
work is one of the main given in the way to handle people
speed of typing went down 4.3 per factors in deciding whether you shall and get the best out of them,
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OUR BRITISH CROSSWORDS
10
190
23
ACROSB
1 The man
in the ranks (two words, 6, 7).
7 Nothing startling.
B Part of speech..
11 Waterless.
12. He never lived straightforward-. ly, but always faced the wrong way.
13 This utensil is probably stronger
than it sounds.
10 One can't make bricks without
it.
17. Spols in which one may get
frult 19 Carry out the work with a smart
finish.
21 What 13 sounds.
23 A girl I have in my eye,
24 The whisky bird?
25 What young people nowadays
try to get out of life.
28 The nag and the gal go back to
reach this Scottish river.
20 Yankee live-wire (hyphen, 2,
0).
30 These are the vehicles our speed
merchants started with
DOWN
2 A severe trial, maybe, or
simple business transaction,
3 Doubtless the spectacles are to enable one to see the man in it. You may be caught by many a plant here.
6 Clothes for the ineffelent.
Their pupils see all that is to be
7 It's mine, linr; (anag).
9 William's watch suggests he'll
have a lot to do with the brush (hyphen, 4, 7).
10. Chicken...
14 A bang on the head; such a
Fagi
16 The charm of word-building, 18:If you want this confection give
me a ring: first, ___
20 'Sounds 'Ikke a
without oars.
Thames eight-
21 Vegetable backsheesh?
32 Describes, the feelings of many
at its taxinflated price.
20 A convict in festal attire,
27 Last, but not quite least. Yesterday's Solation.
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