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The
Hongkong Telegraph. I
MONDAY, APRIL 5, 1937.
REALITIES
In a recent issue of the Lon- don Observer, Mr. J. L. Garvin, one of the most realistic poll- tical commentators of the day, ruthlessly scores the idea of collective security under the
Governor of the State of themselves.
The plant of General Motors at Flint still blazes with light, but inside are the strikers
FLINT (Michigan)..
strikers' organisation, and the negotiation with the directors Articlo by a correspon- T is snowing gently, Michigan.
General Motors Corporation, dent on the spot telling and this town seems It has already Insted two which employs some 85. per asleep. Passing ears,
whole days and most of the cent. of Flint's workers, is the you what it is like in the ́ ́ night, and it is the first time first point of the attack. But town whore America's mostly going to and from that the two sides have come to the strike is not, as the strikers Labour Movement is'
intended, a simple, struggle be occupied plants, are muffled. rrether.
>tween workers and employers in fighting its vital battle, All the evening there has
reach this town. It feels more like what
chance. it has been comparatively little
And the beginnings of a civil war. traffic and few walkers on the streets, even at midday.
The strikers allege that the truce with the City Government has been violated by the enlist- ment of emergency police, so the pickets are again carrying clubs
and leather whips.
Perhaps it is wiser to stay off the streets. If there is a row it will be a big one. Old hands from the unions of the Clyde
r
What will be the outcome? If these men fail to agreement the fight is on. boy, will it be a fight!
They feel, however, that they.
оп
of winning, what its music and dancing is over and It is the struggle with the difficulties are
Out at the occupied plants the The shopping centres are very meetings are being held. One ranks of Labour for and against quiet and the shops are almost is guarded by militia who have organisation and for and against further difficulties from the op- the particular organisation of the position of workers who dislike auspices of the League of Nu empty. Quiet, ominous, expec. to tramp round and round it to Committee of Industrial Organi its methods. It is ruthless and
con prevent any access. At another, tions. Not that he is "anti-tant rumours fly around
The reason for the lack of affairs are not unlike those of a League," but he faces the facts tinually.. One is that citizen strike pickets themselves are on sation led by burly John Lewis. undemocratic and its financial as they are and shows how an bodies called Vigilantes are be- guard in front in a temporary solidarity among the workers is big trust in their secrecy and
ing mobilised to the tune of two hul. Lemasculated League cannot have.
But whatever the conditions not far to seck. Firstly, there lavish outlay; but how else is it thousand to turn out the strikárs
by the natural-opposition of in possible to meet the methods of to impose its will on. powerful
There are already about five by which a particular plant is terests between skilled and un. the automobile and steel com-
being held, nothing will move nations outside the organisation. thousand militia in the town, The driving-wheel of the whole including some cavalry. If Gen. these men out except a real skilled Inbour at times of ex- panies with their millions of re- panding business with a shortage serves? They make no secret agreement overwhelming
or League machinery, when
of mechanics and electricians as of their elaborate spy systems first eral Motors press for eviction
und their discrimination against designed, was. intended to be the Governor will probably be odds. They are spoiling for a
fight, and the agreement will at present. have to provide very either the unanimity of the asked to use soldiers.
The skilled man can sell his active union men. sound
the. Those here who oppose. Great Powers or an irrestibile
guarantees of fulfilment, for skill at a high price. The un- majority of them, including the
women too, have come from they trust no one except, faute skilled man can still rely only strike complain that men, and de mieux, President Roosevelt.
mass pressure or Govern- United States. To-day, the
ment legislation to improve his towns all over the State to help the strikers. Unionists glory United States is not a member,
conditions,
in the proof of the unity of their Japan and Germany have with-
organisation. drawn, and, as a result of the
have already won the first round Second and more important is very first attempt to apply the made of wood and rubber tubing of the battle, for the present that a large proportion of Ame-
discussions must at last have got rican workers are still foreigners, The idea of collective action is principle of collective security,
down to the final terms of settle many of them speaking foreign not yet generally accepted even Italy's membership, though not
ment.
languages; others are negroes in this purely industrial town as formally cancelled, has become
What is the fight really about? from the southern States who it is in Great Britain. Resent- nominal and, almost null. Mr
This town is the microcosm of only a few generations ago were ment is much more bitter against Garvin thus contends that it is and Wales (it is striking how a struggle which is being pre- slaves; and still others are every real hardship resulting an idle hallucination to imagine many of the organisers here hail pared in all the northern indus- southern whites whose accus- from the strike. The anti-strike from the old country) tell you trial sections of the United tomed standard of living is lower movement may be led by the that, as things stand, any num that this is a tough place and States. ber of smaller nations, scattered heads are two a penny.
than could be found anywhere in hirelings of General Motors, lut Broadly speaking, Labour is the British Isles.
it has genuine support. This is all over the globe and incapable
Nevertheless, it is significant asking for the right to bargain This is a motley crew to form a bad time to be unemployed; of any kind of solid cohesion, that the public authorities and collectively in the major in- into a united whole, but gradual- there are instalments on goods
steel, can be a substitute for that com the company have shown more dustries-iron,
motors, ly the barriers are failing bought with the Christmas bonus on past rubber, and electrical manufac partly as a result of education to be paid for, and it is a season mon action of the Great Powers respect for life than which was contemplated at the occasions, despite the violation ture.
and partly of mass production when earnings are normally good the These industries are entirely and mechanisation. of property rights by
in the motor industry. outset 13 the core of the
enormous dominated by strikers.
The gap between skilled and
Many shopkeepers are hang- guarantees. The theory that This change reflects the na- porations which so far have unskilled labour is widening, but ing on only by the skin of their the League can command the tion's changing attitude on social only been willing to treat with graduation in unskilled and semi- teeth. resources of over fifty nations is questions, but it has meant also individual men or in some cases skilled work is disappearing. Whether or not the strike was dismissed by this commentator that when measures have been with elected Works Committees
The result is that men of all justifled in the first place, or types and races are being thrown was well or ill-timed, it is now as a fallacy. Of these nations taken they have been half in individual plants.
But as the control of these on to similar work at similar being handled with courage and the majority, it is claimed, could hearted.
is highly cen rates and cannot fail to realise good senas. The local leaders A mere handful of police got large concerns never give support in arms for into trouble with pickets at one tralised and the final responsi. their community of interests. aro no puppets, and despite the purposes of a struggle in
plant, and the result, was a riot. bility for labour policy lies not Europe. Instead of being able to Townsfolk and workers them- with the local plant manager but・・ count on "over fifty nations," selves feel strongly that if force with the central executives, the therefore, the number would is going to be used at all it should strikers are asking for direct tion movement encounters still support by their restraint. probably not be more than be used efficiently and avoid ben, "To call this by the grandiose term 'collective' is a mockery," says Mr. Garvin; "to assume that it necessarily means 'security' in a wide war of the
ing union membership and passes TN the spring of 1930, a man named air-age is a delusion, and might into the besieged plants. Every Frederick Field was sent to the be a tragedy for the nation and one is suspected and his creden- gallows for the self-confessed murder of a woman in a London flat. Two the Empire." But whilst Mr. tials have to be carefully years previously he had confessed Garvin argues thus, he does not scrutinised, for he may balong the murder of a girl named Norah envisage the League as utterly to an anti-strike organisation or Upchurch. At the subsequent trial useless. It may still play a be in the pay of General Motors, he retracted the confession and was By OSCAR F. MILLARD restless, inquiring mind cost about acquitted for want of evidence, predominant part, he thinks, by For almost the first time though there was no doubt of his consultative
and concillatory women, mostly wearing red gull in the mind of the police. In of a missionary. Moreover, he posthing better he began studying the working. noting in a detached, methods If its membership is berots or scarves, are taking a nefther murder was there any di sessed the rarer moral courage given Italian soldiers among whom he was
to few men of great talent and strong
objective
much. ns manner enlarged so as to include nearly large and active part in a strike.
It is men of this kind, abnormal convictions, of recognising and ac
plorer might study a strange tribe, all the Great Powers and if ite They
knowledging his mistakes. throng the meetings, yet not certifiably insane, who pro-
Notwithstanding his Roman name all their habits and peculiarities. coercive claims are abandoned. parade the streets, and helped sent criminologists with 000 of their he was a Jew. But he was born at The first thing that struck him most baffling problems and make of And what is the lesson for Bri-very materially in the capture of criminology one of the most absorb Verona, educated at Turin University, was the fact that the vicious, unruly. tain? The only line of sense the Chevrolet plant.
and spent the whole of his long life soldier, was invariably distinguished ing subjects.
from his honest comrade by the and soberness," says Mr. Gar
Seventy years ago this fascinating in Italy,
quantity and obaenity of the designs vin, "is for Britain to confine
feld of Inquiry into the workings THE HUMAN TOUCH
tattooed on his body. He drew no her automatic obligations to a This evening the air is elec. of the criminal mind was virgin
Though crime had forced itself on conclusions from this fact, for he was around, The father of criminology, minimum; to adjure all en-tric with expectation. Some the scientific study of crime as a the attention of men all over the seeking none, and shortly afterwards tanglementa, direct or Indirect, sixty miles away in Detroit A social problem was Cesare Lorn-World for many centuries, Lombroso he left the army, and entered the was the first man to whom it oc- Department of Public Health, where in Eastern Europe; and to keep conference is in progress bo- broso,
into the study Cerate Lombroso War'a`z
"man" with eurred to study the criminal as a ho plunged a reformer, and the tenacious courage the abstract.
bloodshed.
At union headquarters even at this late hour there is a constant coming and going by men seek-
cor-
bitterness and resentment they But the Industrial organisa- are winning public respect and
Private Thoughts Of Public Enemies.
cernible motive.
де
Why A Criminalcidentally for it must be borne in
Takes To Crime crime or the criminal.
It happened like this, quite ne-
that Lambroso" began life as a doctor without any interest. In
Army surgeon his a young for some subject with which to oc- cupy his leisure. For want of some
As
out of every conflict in which vetween Knudsen, of General the mind of a scientist, the soul of human being, instead of crime in psychiatry.
(Continued on Page 4)
are not inevitably drawn."
Motora, John--Lewis,-of-the